上海市虹口区2018届高三上学期期末教学质量监控英语试题解析版

高三英语 试卷 2017.12

考生注意：

1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第 I 卷 (共100分)

I. Listening Comprehension Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. 2:02.

B. 2:20.

C. 2:50.

D. 2:32.

2. A. Mother and child. 3. A. At a hairdresser’s.

C. At a fashion show.

B. Manager and customer. D. Boss and clerk. B. At the dentist’s. D. At the tailor’s.

B. The man was locked in the room. D. He didn’t want to enter the room.

C. Teacher and student.

4. A. The man lost his way.

C. He couldn’t open the door. 5. A. She is working at a newspaper.

B. She used to change her job quite often. C. She often has lunch with her supervisor.

D. She wants her supervisor’s comments on her work. 6. A. The man’s glasses are up to date.

B. The man should wear his glasses in class. C. The man should have changed his glasses. D. The man shouldn’t sit at the back of the classroom. 7. A. Take the bus with him.

C. Call him this evening. 8. A. Where he is studying.

B. Drive him home from the station. D. Drive him to the station. B. What subject he is studying. D. When he is returning.

C. How long he has been abroad.

9. A. She wants to buy a new computer.

C. She is unwilling to listen to the man. 10. A. Because she hasn’t shown up.

C. Because she is very rude to him.

B. She wants to know more about computers. D. She believes what the man is talking about. B. Because she drives too slowly. D. Because she is always in a rush.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A laboratory assistant.

B. A doctor.

D. A professor in the hospital.

C. A teacher of a laboratory. 12. A. He will be punished severely.

B. He will be dropped from the class. C. He can make up the classes.

D. He will be allowed to remain if he has a good excuse. 13. A. It should be cut.

B. It must be fastened tightly back. C. It should be reported as an accident.

D. The long hair wearer will be asked to leave the class. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. In the 1870s.

B. In 1926.

C. By 1940.

D. By 1817.

15. A. He wanted to cut back production costs.

B. He wanted the working people to earn more money.

C. He thought the Americans’ life should be organized in a better way. D. He thought the five-day workweek was good for the economy. 16. A. People drink a lot of alcohol.

B. Night movies sell more tickets.

C. TV shows more films of murder and love.

D. People do things with emotion and purpose at night. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The design of the courses. 18. A. Mathematics.

C. Chemistry.

B. The choice of the courses. D. The evaluation of the courses. B. Modern History. D. International Trade.

C. The registration of the courses.

19. A. Go directly to the classes. C. Speak to Professor Anderson. B. To register for at least one course each year. C. To register for the courses before the deadline.

B. Ask other students for help. D. Go to the registration office first.

20. A. To register at least one selective course every term.

D. To choose no more than two courses every term. 【答案】 1-5 D B A C D 11-13 C B B 17-20 C D C A

6-10 C B A C A 14-16 A D A

II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

How to deal with Whiners（抱怨不停的人）?

There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they (1) ______ (treat) unfairly.

Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious(会蔓延的) , (2) ______ attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, (3) ______ are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ming, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).

It is especially hard to deal with complaints at work (4) ______ you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression (5) ______ you agree with them. “Listen to the whiners actively,” said HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see (6) ______ there are ways to improve the situation.”

Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from (7) ______ (extend) working hours to cheap hotels on business trips. “I let them talk about their opinions,” she said, “They feel better when (8) ______ (tell) someone how they want things to be.”

But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them (9) ______ (fix) everything technically.” he said.

HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual

problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “(10) ______ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usually disappear.”

【答案】1.are treated 2.whose 3.others 4.because(since, as) 5.that 6.whether(if) 7.extended 8.telling 9.to fix 10.Give 【解析】

1.考察谓语动词，treat和they是被动关系，结合时态应填are treated； 2.考察定语从句，先行词complainers，和attitude是所属关系，用whose； 3.考察代词，while 表对比，some…, others…固定搭配； 4.考察状语从句，前后两句为因果关系，用because，since或as

5.考察同位语从句，从句不缺成分，从句对先行词impression进行解释说明； 6.考察宾语从句，从句不缺成分，用whether/if；

7.考察非谓语，extend和working hours为动宾关系，用过去分词作定语； 8.考察非谓语，tell和逻辑主语为主谓关系，用现在分词； 9.考察非谓语，不定式表目的

10.考察谓语动词，祈使句用动词原型；

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. defense B. avoid C. believing D. mistake E. required F. critical G. cheating H. ashamed I. identify J. confirm K. similar We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our (1)______, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid (2)______ problems in the future.

Making ethical （伦理的）decisions is a(n) (3)______ part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can’t see the risks we’re taking, we can’t make responsible choices. To (4) ______ risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn’t know the rules about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as (5)______. But the fact that such a violation is “unintentional” does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a (6)______.

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they’re taking by using excuses: “Everyone else does it,” “I’m not hurting anyone,” or “I really need this grade.” Excuses can get very complex: “I know I’m looking at another’s exam, even though I’m supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that’s not (7)______ because I’m just checking my answers, not copying.” We must be honest about our actions, and (8)______ excuses. If we fool ourselves

into (9)______ we’re not doing anything wrong, we can’t see the real choice we’re making--and that leads to bad decisions.

To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or (10)______ of your actions? If you’d rather hide your actions, that’s a good indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.

【答案】DKFIE AGBCH 【解析】

1. 根据句子结构此处需填名词，再根据句意我们能否从我们的错误中吸取教训，所以选mistake。 2. 根据句意，从之前的错误中吸取教训，避免同样的错误，所以选similar。 3. 形容词修饰名词，a critical part，此处critical表重要的。

4. 此处容易误选avoid，但根据文意可知这里并不在说为了避免风险，而是确认、识别风险，所以

选identify。

5. as required，正如所需要的。

6. 根据句子结构此处需填名词，无知不是理由，相似意思的只有defense。

7. 根据句意，我知道我在看别人的卷子但我不在作弊我只是在对答案，选cheating。 8. 与be honest并列，接在must后面，所以填动词原形，再根据文意，选择avoid。 9. 固定搭配，fool sb into doing，选择believing，欺骗自己相信我们不在做错事。 10. 跟proud并列，表示人的情绪，所以选择ashamed。

III. Reading Comprehension Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Migrant workers

In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly independent countries have（1） most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the（2) in the Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to （3） outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, including South Korea and Japan.

In view of the （4） living and working conditions in the Middle East, surprising it is not that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a （5） attraction. An allied (联合的) benefit is the low（6） or a complete lack of it. This （7） the amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.

Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating (补偿的) advantage.（8） , the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other for safety and comfort.（9） , many migrant workers can save large sum of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater （10） to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do （11） work in their home country.

One major problem which affects migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are (12) ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be (13) since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any case, migrant workers accept this(14) , along with others, because of the （15） financial benefits which they receive.

1. A. presented B. devoted C. adapted D. restricted 2 .A. style B. evidence C. case D. hint

3. A. call in B. bring up C. turn down D. help out 4. A. excellent B. difficult C. fair D. stable 5. A. casual B. familiar C. major D. final 6. A. consumption B. pressure C. competition D. taxation 7. A. occupies B. increases C. blocks D. protects

8. A. For example B. In particular C. By comparison D. In other words 9. A. Therefore B. Likewise C. Consequently D. However 10. A. agreement B. outcome C. prediction D. challenge 11. A. skillful B. vivid C. routine D. potential

12. A. temporary B. ordinary C. voluntary D. revolutionary 13. A. claimed B. criticized C. considered D. expected

14. A. sacrifice B. reminder C. disadvantage D. appreciation 15. A. limited B. considerable C. reasonable D. potential

【答案】DCABC DBABD CADCB 【解析】

1.由下文others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers可得知一些国家将工作机会仅仅提供给本地人，而另一些国家对移民开放

2.case表示情况，翻译为这正是中东地区的现状

3.call in解释为呼吁，召唤，中东地区的石油产业发达，呼吁来自不同国家的人来工作。

4.翻译为由于中东地区艰苦的生活和工作条件，吸引合适的工人的费用是很高的，这不足为奇。 5.major是主要的意思，这是吸引他们工作的主要原因 6.taxation是税收的意思，翻译为：好处就是税率较低。 7.这增加了他们的收入。

8.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating (补偿的) advantage.引出了下文的例子。 9.本题主要是考查likewise的意思，likewise表示同样地。

10.本题考查对上下文文意的理解，翻译为：工作通常是复杂的，而且充满问题，但是这会向那些更

愿解决问题而不是在自己国家里做例行工作的工程师们提出更大的挑战。

11.本题考查对上下文文意的理解，翻译为：工作通常是复杂的，而且充满问题，但是这会向那些更愿解决问题而不是在自己国家里做例行工作的工程师们提出更大的挑战。

12.由下句They are nearly always on contract得知很多工人是合同工，所以工作是暂时的。 13.考察固定搭配expect to do

14.移民工人像接受其他不足一样接受这个不足，因为有可观的经济利益。 15.considerable解释为大量的。

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Forty-three years ago, a man took a “small step” on the moon and brought mankind a “giant leap” forward. As the first person to walk on the moon, American astronaut Neil Armstrong is a man whose name will be remembered for generations to come.

But being the first is never easy. With so many unknowns about space at that time, Armstrong himself was surprised that Apollo 11 actually worked. He thought he and his partners had only a 50 percent chance of a successful landing back in 1969.

It was tough indeed. When the module (登月舱) was approaching the moon’s surface, the computer wanted to rest them on a steep slope covered with rocks, but Armstrong realized it was an unsafe place to stop.

As a last minute decision, he safely landed the module by himself. When they finally touched the ground, “there was something like 20 seconds of fuel left,” he said in an interview earlier this year.

Unfortunately, some people doubted his visit to the moon, saying it was faked. But Armstrong responded with a chuckle (轻声笑), saying: “It was never a concern to me because I knew one day, somebody was going to go fly back up there and pick up that camera I left.”

For all his global fame, Neil Armstrong is a remarkably modest man. He rarely gave interviews and didn’t like talking about his achievement. He stopped giving his signatures when he found that people sold them for thousands of dollars.

“I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger (记账簿) of our daily work,” Armstrong said in a CBS interview in 2005. When asked how he felt knowing his footprints would be likely to stay on the moon’s surface for thousands of years, he said: “I kind of hope that somebody goes up there one of these days and cleans them up.”

Armstrong passed away last month at the age of 82, but he will be remembered. “The next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink (眨眼示意),” his family said to Reuters.

1. It can be inferred from the article that before his expedition to the moon, Armstrong __________. A. was certain that Apollo 11 would work well B. believed the module would land safely on the moon

C. had prepared himself to face possible failure D. planned to land the module on the moon by himself

2. How did Armstrong respond when people doubted that he had been to the moon? A. He was angry. B. He was troubled by it.

C. He tried to find evidence that they were wrong. D. He believed they would be proved wrong some day.

3. By saying “I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger of our daily work”, Armstrong meant that __________. A. the more daily work you’ve done, the more easily you will be recognized B. things that look spectacular are not as useful as ordinary successes C. achieving greatness can make other successes feel less important D. everyday’s hard work is more appreciated than one successful moment 4. Which of the following best describes Armstrong? A. He was ambitious.

B. He tried to avoid the spotlight. C. He balanced his life and work well. D. He was talkative and loved telling jokes.

【答案】CDDB 【解析】

1.根据第二段，\"But being the first is never easy…actually work\"可知，Armstrong 对于未知的困难有清楚的认识，也做好了准备，所以选C。

2.根据第五段，He \"respond with a…that a camara\"可知选D。

3.划线句定位于数第二段，由上下文可知，Armstrong 不谈自己的成就，更注重成功背后的努力所以选D。

4.由全文可知，Armstrong 淡泊名利，对于自己的成就不愿多说，选B。

(B)

You may read the questions first.

Indian Heroes and Great Chieftains

The book mainly presents us with the American Indian leaders of the past. It features many profiles and biographies including Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Little Crow and Lozen Quanah etc. written by author Charles Eastman, and I’m sure you will be interested in it.

Name: Sitting Bull Birth: 1831 Death: 12-15-1890

He was a great hero and is respected by many American Indians. In a 1997 documentary (纪录片) — The Great Tribes, he was known as a holy man, a composer of songs and an artist. Under him, the Sioux and Cheyenne Nations unified. He was advised to go on a European tour in 1887, but he turned it down to defend these two nations from being separated again. He led his people during years of resistance to United States government policies and was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation. Name: Crazy Horse Birth: 1842 Death: 9-5-1877

Crazy Horse was a legendary warrior（勇士） and a gentle leader as well as a brave man who stood for the highest ideal of the Sioux, celebrated for his battle skills as well as his efforts to preserve Native American traditions and way of life. Resisting efforts to force the Sioux on to reservations, he

fought alongside Sitting Bull and others in the American-Indian Wars.

Charles Eastman described him in his book Indian Heroes as “a man of deeds and not of words”. Name: Red Cloud Birth: 1822 Death: 12-10-1909

He was against the movement of the white settlers into the Black Hills. In 1868, he refused to sign a treaty (条约), which stated that the Black Hills didn’t belong to people. The treaty also stated that these areas couldn’t be entered without the government’s permission. According to Eastman’s book Indian Heroes, he was said to have fought against the treaty, forcing the government to give in and pull out of the area. Name: Lozen Quanah Birth: late 1840s Death: 1890

Known as the youngest sister of Red Cloud, she devoted herself to the people. She was described in Peter Aleshire’s Warrior Woman as a heroine good at riding horses and using a bow and arrow to drive attackers away. This skill was considered to be “one of the most honored skills among the Indians”.

1. Which of the following is NOT true about Crazy Horse? A. He was friendly to his soldier. C. He was a great talker.

B. He showed great courage. D. He was respected.

2. From the passage we can infer that __________. A. Sitting Bull disliked traveling

B. Indian Heroes was a book on Indian history

C. in the 1880s Indian soldiers were mainly armed with bows and arrows D. in the 1850s Indian women were not allowed to ride horses 3. The main purpose of the passage is to __________. A. show Indians’ lives to readers

B. describe great Indian heroes and heroines C. show the history of the Indians D. comment on a history book

【答案】CCB 【解析】

1.根据Name: Crazy Horse 最后一句“a man of deed and not of words.\"，可知C错误。 2.根据Name:Sitting Bull，1887年印度处于战争阶段，所以选C。 3.由标题以及第一段可知，本文主要介绍了印度英语，所以选B。

(C)

Crude awakening

A battle between two energy exchanges

[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit (公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark （基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.

[2] The NYMEX is trying to grab liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has so far concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American benchmark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.

[3] The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds (对冲基金) or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from “locals”--self-employed

traders--is helping to support open-outcry, although some think that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to close its floor. Only last month it signed a rental agreement, lasting until 2017, for its trading floor in London.

[4] Dublin’s new pit is “showing promise”, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be feasible. It would stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.

[5] In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的). Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little progress. And the NYMEX has tried to get Brent contracts before, without success.

[6] Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not work together? There have been talks about cooperation before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more serious IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic. 1. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are __________. A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading form B. partners that benefit each other in their business activities C. rivals that are competing in the oil trading market D. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice

2. The word “glitches” in Line 2, Paragraph 4 most probably means __________. A. backwardness

B. disappointments

C. engineers

D. problems

3. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that __________.

A. trading volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session is falling B. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than Dublin C. Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of Ireland D. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year 4. We can draw a conclusion from the text that __________.

A. it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businesses B. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shown

C. the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each other D. the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting better

【答案】CDBA 【解析】

1. 根据文章最后一句“the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.”可知NYMEX与IPE是rivals（竞争对手） 。

2. 根据文章第一句，“尽管有一些技术上的glitches，Dublin’s new pit is showing promise (希望)”可知glitches指的是“问题，瑕疵等小毛病”，故选D

3. 根据第四段倒数第二句“It would stand a better chance if it moved to London.”可知伦敦相比都柏林是个更好的地方。由本段最后一句“it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.”并不能得出C选项正确。

4. 根据第五段第一句“In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的).”以及文章最后一句，可知选项A正确。

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. People volunteer mainly out of academic requirements. B. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must. C. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal

identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. D. Individual differences are most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work. E. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. F. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.

Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. (1) For example, people volunteer to

express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.

People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service,

some schools have launched compulsory (义务的) volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can

shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. (2) Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. (3) The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.

Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. (4) Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive relationship between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to definite advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.... Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.

【答案】FBEC 【解析】

1.后面举例说明的都是人们参加志愿者的各种原因，所以跟F中的factors对应，说明前面总结性的话语说的是影响因素。

2.前面是在讲人民是出于外部原因或者是强制性要求参加志愿活动，所以前面的require和B选项中的must 意义上对应，还有this possibility 指的也是前面的情况。 3.选项中的this result 指的就是上文作者所说的这个结果，即在志愿者活动中所经历和遭受的影响志愿者满足感这一情况。再有，选项中提到important practical advice, 所以接下来的内容讲的就是建议的内容，should和选项advice语义对应。

4.横线前文中心词在讲individual difference,唯一与之相对应的便是C选项。且选项most likely承接上文的focus on的意思。

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Wilderness Therapy

When most people hear the term “psychotherapy”, they picture traditional talk therapy – someone

sitting on a couch or chair talking about their troubling thoughts and feelings with a psychologist or other mental health professional. However, talk therapy isn’t the only type of psychotherapy used to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, and a whole host of other challenging disorders, emotional struggles, and other types of problems. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy.

When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial (有争议的) way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking trail. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward (任性的) of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders.

While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes abusive (施虐的) techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit.

Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (陪同) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed. 【答案】

Wildness therapy is a kind of psychotherapy, which is a successful one with argument. It is aimed to reform youths in trouble by having them get involved in outdoor activities. It is criticized/blamed for some of its methods, lack of professional staff and not being mentally beneficial. However, it is a creative way to equip youths with life and social skills. (60ws)

第II卷（共40分）

I. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 熬夜大大影响健康。(affect)

2. 等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time)

3. 从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable) 4. 据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It) 【答案】

1. Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.

2. By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.

3. In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.

4. It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.

II. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假如你是李华，你的美国朋友（Stephen）来信说，要在圣诞节期间来沪旅游。他在网上选中了三个景点：外滩、豫园和东方明珠。他来信征求你的意见。请你根据自身经验，建议他舍弃其中的一个景点（要说明放弃理由）；并推荐一个新的景点供他参考（说明推荐理由）。

注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级等真实信息。 【范文】

Dear Stephen,

It is such a delight to hear that you are going to pay a visit to Shanghai. As to the three scenic spots you have choosed, I would like to give some advice and hope it will be of some value to you.

The Yu Garden is suggested to be cancelled. Not only is it crowded with a lot of people on the Christmas, but also it cramps people in a limited space, making the visiting experience very unpleasing. What’s more, the park now features expensive products and greedy vendors, and therefore, to some extent, is no longer a ideal place to appreciate traditional culture as it used to be.

It is recommended that Nanjing Road can be added into the travelling plan. Just next to the Bund, it only takes a few minutes of walk to go sightseeing in the Nanjing Road. Besides, crowned as the “The Best Commercial Street in China”, the road perfectly bridges eastern and western elements, both culturally and commercially. Thus, it is highly recommended to include Nanjing road in the visit.

Wish you all the best and may your Shanghai journey a pleasant memory.

Yours, Li Hua