（word）
一、八年级英语下册任务型阅读专项练习（含答案解析） 1．任务型阅读
Different people have different hobbies. Some like growing flowers, some like singing and others like building model ships. I'm interested in stamps and started to collect them in 2008. My father works in a big company. He always goes abroad. Eight years ago, when he was working in America, he sent home a letter with a beautiful stamp on the envelope（信封）. I liked the stamp very much. From then on I have always asked my father to send me different stamps from different countries. Later I joined a club and I have made many friends there. They helped me learn more about stamps and always traded（交换） stamps with me. And I got some special stamps from them.
Now I have more than a thousand stamps. When I look through these beautiful stamps, I feel relaxed and happy. I can enjoy the beautiful designs of stamps. （1）How long has the writer collected stamps？（不超过10个词） （2）What does the writer's father always do？（不超过15个词） （3）How did the writer get his first stamp？（不超过10个词） 【答案】 （1）Since 2008. /For over 10 years. （2）He always goes abroad.
（3）From the letter his father sent home.
【解析】【分析】文章大意：不同的人有不同的爱好，因为爸爸的缘故，我的爱好是集邮。
（1）细节理解题，根据 I'm interested in stamps and started to collect them in 2008. 可知，作者从2008年开始集邮，故答案是 Since 2008. /For over 10 years.
（2）细节理解题，根据 He always goes abroad. 可知，作者的爸爸总是出国。故答案是 He always goes abroad.
（3）细节理解题，根据 Eight years ago, when he was working in America, he sent home a letter with a beautiful stamp on the envelope（信封）. I liked the stamp very much. 可知他的第一枚邮票来自有他父亲寄给家里的信。故答案是 From the letter his father sent home. 【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先通读原文，再看清楚题目，在文章中找到正确答案之后，用自己的话总结概括，根据题目限定的字数，写出正确答案。
2．请阅读下面材料，从A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选出符合文章几个段落意思的小标题。
Maybe you have heard of the“Mozart Effect\". It says that listening to classical music, especially Mozart, can help with math and science learning, and develop smart children. But how can we enjoy music. ________
Listen in the car, while the children draw and color, and at dinner, for fun. Listen and talk about music.
________
Do you like this song? Why, or why not? If you like this kind of music, how does it make you feel? Happy or sad? ________
Get to know classical music, but don't forget jazz, blues or many other kinds of music. Many children enjoy different sounds from around the world as well. ________
Learn about a singer and then listen to his or her music. Libraries often offer CDs as well. Learn an instrument. This costs some money and time, but the result can be worth it. This including singing. Learn how to sing traditional songs. ________
Find concerts that you attend. Many towns and cities offer family concerts （for parents and their children）. Look for one near you house. Go to a music festival. A. Ask questions B. Listen to music C. Learn about it D. Go out to enjoy music E. Know about different music. 【答案】 B；A；E；C；D 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了对于音乐应有的态度。 A. Ask questions问问题 B. Listen to music听音乐 C. Learn about it了解它
D. Go out to enjoy music出去欣赏音乐 E. Know about different music.了解不同的音乐。
（1）根据 Listen in the car, while the children draw and color, and at dinner, for fun. Listen and talk about music在车里听，而孩子们画画和涂颜色，在晚餐时，为了好玩。听和谈论音乐，可知应是Listen to music听音乐，故选B。
（2）根据 Do you like this song? Why, or why not? If you like this kind of music, how does it make you feel? Happy or sad？可知都是在问自己问题，应是Ask questions问问题，故选A。
（3）根据 Get to know classical music, but don't forget jazz, blues or many other kinds of music. Many children enjoy different sounds from around the world as well去了解古典音乐，但不要忘记爵士乐、蓝调音乐或许多其他种类的音乐。许多孩子也喜欢来自世界各地的不同声音，可知应是Know about different music.了解不同的音乐，故选E。
（4）根据 Learn about a singer and then listen to his or her music. Libraries often offer CDs as well. Learn an instrument. This costs some money and time, but the result can be worth it. This including singing. Learn how to sing traditional songs ，可知多处提及了解，应是Learn about it了解它，故选C。
（5）根据 Find concerts that you attend. Many towns and cities offer family concerts （for
parents and their children）. Look for one near you house. Go to a music festival 找到你参加的音乐会。许多城镇都举办家庭音乐会（为父母和他们的孩子）。在你的房子附近找一个。去参加音乐节，可知应是Go out to enjoy music出去欣赏音乐，故选D。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，可以将整个文章首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思，找到可以匹配信息的选项。
3．阅读下面短文，从方框中选出适当的句子填入1-5的空白处，使文章完整、通顺（其中有两个选项多余）。
In the 13th century, the famous Italian traveler, Marco Polo, traveled a long way to China. During his stay in China, he saw many wonderful things. One of the things he discovered was that the Chinese used paper money. In Western countries, people did not use paper money until the 15th century. ________.
A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented paper almost 2,000years ago. He made it from wood. ________ He then put these pieces of paper together and made them into a book.
________ We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. Every day, people throw away about 2,800 tons of paper. It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. This means that we are cutting nearly 48,000 trees every day. Since it takes more than 10 years for a tree to grow, we must start using less paper now. If we don't, we will not have enough time to grow more trees to take the place of those we use for paper.
________ We can use both sides of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets. We can also use cotton handkerchiefs and not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. If the shop assistant does give us a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later.
________ If we all think carefully, we can help protect trees. But we should do it now, before it is too late.
A. Now paper still comes from trees. B. Everyone can help to save paper. C. However, people in China began to use paper money in the 7th century. D. He took the wood from trees and made it into paper. E. So how can we save paper? F. Paper is made from trees. G. China is the first country that use paper money in the 7th century. 【答案】 C；D；A；E；B 【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇文章主要讲述了中国人在很久以前发明了造纸术，用树木来制作纸张，现在人们依旧使用这种方法。这也致使了很多树木被砍，尤其是纸张的浪费加剧了这一问题。所以我们应该节约用纸，例如双面使用，用手帕等。 A. Now paper still comes from trees.现在纸还是从树上取下来的。 B. Everyone can help to save paper.每个人都可以帮助节省纸张。
C. However, people in China began to use paper money in the 7th century.然而，中国人在7世
纪开始使用纸币。
D. He took the wood from trees and made it into paper.他把木头从树上取下来做成纸。 E. So how can we save paper?那么我们怎样才能节省纸张呢？ F. Paper is made from trees.纸是用树做的。
G. China is the first country that use paper money in the 7th century.中国是7世纪第一个使用纸币的国家。
（1）根据上文：在西方国家，人们直到15世纪才使用纸币。和下文2000年前，一个叫蔡伦的中国人发明了纸。他用木头做的。然后他把这些纸放在一起，做成一本书。可知空格处应该是中国是什么时候是用纸币的，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。 （2）根据上文：他用木头做的。空格处就应该说明怎样木材的来源。故选D。
（3）根据下文：我们每天用很多纸。如果我们继续浪费这么多纸，地球上就不会有任何树木了。每天，人们扔掉大约2800吨纸。一吨纸需要17棵树。这意味着我们每天要砍伐将近48000棵树。可知主要谈论纸与树的关系，现在的纸还是来源于树。故选A。 （4）根据下文：我们可以使用每一张纸的两面，特别是做笔记时。我们可以选择瓶装饮料而不是纸袋饮料。我们也可以用棉手帕，而不是纸手帕。当我们去购物时，我们可以用更少的纸袋。如果店员确实给了我们一个纸袋，我们可以保存它，以后再使用。可知是说明怎样节约用纸。空格处与下文是总分关系，故选E。
（5）根据下文如果我们都仔细考虑，我们可以帮助保护树木。但我们现在应该做，在为时已晚之前。可知这是对每个人提出号召，节约用纸也就是保护树木。故选B。 【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子。因此,我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断句子在文章中的位置。另外通过阅读选项。有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
4．下面文章中有四处需要添加小标题，请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，选项中有一项是多余选项。 A. Talk it out B. Remember your pet C. What makes a pet die? D. A new animal for you E. Why am I feeling like this? My pet died-how can I feel better?
Every day when Elena came home from school, her cat Tomaso would run to great her. One day, Elena came home and her cat wasn't there. Her mom said that Tomaso had died. Who has pets?
Millions of people across the world own pets. Maybe you have a pet, and maybe some of your friends do, too. A pet can be a special friend. It can play with you or just be with you when you don't feel like talking. ________
Unluckily, pets can't stay with us forever. Like all living things, they will die at some point. Sometimes a pet dies from old age. Sometimes a pet dies from an accident. Sometimes a pet gets
too sick to live. ________
It's sad when a pet dies. You may feel lonely because your pet was your friend. To some kids, it may seem like no one understands what they are feeling. Someone said to Elena,\" You can get another cat. \" But Elena knew she'd never have another cat just like Tomaso. ________
Elena decided to talk with her parents. Elena's parents told her about the pets they used to have and how it was difficult to say goodbye. At first, it can be hard to talk about the pet you're missing. You might want to forget about everything instead. But talking with someone you love is the best way to help you start to feel better. ________
When a pet dies, you and your family may want to find special ways to remember your pet. It can be a big help to share a sad thing with people you love. You might have a ceremony（仪式）for your pet or just share memories of fun times you had together. You might want to tell stories. You could write a poem, too. That's what Elena did. 【答案】 C；E；A；B
【解析】【分析】 A. Talk it out说出来 B. Remember your pet记着你的宠物 C. What makes a pet die?是什么让宠物死的。 D. A new animal for you你的一个新动物 E. Why am I feeling like this?我为什么想这样。
（1）段意：宠物不可能总是跟我们在一起，有时候他们可能会死，可能是因为年龄也可能是因为意外事故，有时候是他们身体太虚弱，所以本段主要讲述宠物的死因。该段一和C相匹配，故答案是C。
（2）段意：宠物死的时候我们会难过，你可能会寂寞，因为宠物是你的朋友，对于孩子们而言没有人知道他们的感受。该段一和E相匹配，故答案是E。
（3）段意：艾琳娜决定跟父母谈一谈，父母告诉她曾经拥有的动物，说再见很困难，一开始你可能很难说你失去的宠物，反而你想忘记一切，但是跟你喜欢的人说出来是最好的方式没这样你会感觉更好，该段一和A相匹配，故答案是A。
（4）段意：当你的宠物死了的时候，你跟你的家人会用各种办法记住宠物跟你喜欢的人分享伤心的是可能会有很大的帮助，可以为宠物举办一种仪式或者分享你们在一起的快乐的时光，你可能会讲故事，可能会写诗，这些都是为了记住你的宠物，该段一和B相匹配，故答案是B。
【点评】五选四的选项较少，并且给出的都是句子。因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或
者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置，另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出与其它选项表达意思完全不同意思的句子，这样的话，我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
5．信息归纳，请阅读下面—篇文章，根据所提供的信息，完成信息卡。
An American in Beijing Lives His Chinese Dream
Wearing his bright red armband （袖章） and speaking fluent Mandarin （普通话）, 62-year-old Terry could be taken for any regular Chinese man from a distance.
His Chinese name is Gao Tianrui. He became interested in Chinese culture as a teenager when he read the Tao Te Ching by Laozi. At 18, he took a ship to Taiwan to learn Chinese. On the ship the captain advised him to have a Chinese name.\" He named me Gao Tianrui, based on the pronunciation （发音） of my English name,\" he said. Then he first visited Beijng in 1987 on business.
Gao Tianrui lives in a Siheyuan with other three families. His neighbors are very helpful and friendly. Gao Tianrui once didn't know much about Chinese living habits and his neighbors helped him to overcome difficulties. Gradually, he could speak Chinese fluently.
Having lived in Beijing for more than 20 years, Gao Tianrui has also finally achieved his Chinese dream: becoming a public security （安全） volunteer. Life as a\"Xicheng Dama\" has even made him an' online celebrity. Xicheng Dama is a club for volunteers, usually women in late middle-age, who roam （漫步） the streets of downtown at Beijing's Xicheng district. And now Gao Tianrui has joined their club.
\"I like helping others\other…This is where I live, where my friends are and where I call home.\"
Information Card
The thing that Guo Tianrui became interested in as a teenager ________ The person who gave Terry his Chinese name The time that Gao Tianrui first visited Beiing The place that Gao Tianrui lives in The Chinese dream of Gao Tianrui volunteer.
【解析】【分析】主要讲了住在中国北京的美国人——高天瑞。
（1）根据He became interested in Chinese culture as a teenager可知高天瑞青少年时对中国文化感兴趣，故填Chinese culture。
（2）根据On the ship the captain advised him to have a Chinese name.\" He named me Gao Tianrui可知是船长给起得名字，故填the captain。
（3）根据Then he first visited Beijng in 1987 on business.可知在1987年第一次参观北京，故填in 1987。
（4）根据Gao Tianrui lives in a Siheyuan with other three families.可知高天瑞住在四合院，故填a Siheyuan。
（5）根据Gao Tianrui has also finally achieved his Chinese dream: becoming a public security
________ ________ ________ ________ 【答案】 Chinese culture.；the captain.；in 1987.；a Siheyuan.；becoming a public security
（安全） volunteer.可知高天瑞的梦想是成为一名公共安全的志愿者，故填becoming a public security volunteer。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中仔细寻找答案。
6．左栏是对五个人的描述，右栏是-份报纸七个版面的介绍，请为左栏的每个人选择一个他感兴趣的版面。
________Deng Lin is a college student.' A. Travel He is going to study in America, so he Glass bridge stokes excitement among tourists… needs to know what happened there. B. Lifestyle ________Chen Qi is a crazy basketball Letter writers put pen to paper again. Writing letters fan. And he doesn't want to miss any seems an old-fashioned way of communicating in basketball match. today's world, but in China, actions are being taken ________Zhen Min is an outgoing girl. to… She likes to make friends and enjoy the C. Studying abroad beautiful scenes in different places. going on all over the world. Twenty-four Chinese students studying in the received an award that… ________Lin Hao wants to know what's southern part of the United States on Saturday ________Qiu Ying can speak Chinese, D. Sports English and German, and he wants to Durant back for NBA Finals Game 5… learn more. E. Science Huawei's operating system is under development… F. News US trade bullying （恃强欺弱的行为） harms the world. The United States has launched a trade war against China… G. Education Are you interested in languages? Chinese, English, French, Spanish, German… 【答案】 C；D；A；F；G 【解析】【分析】A. Travel旅游，玻璃桥在游客中激起了兴奋…
B. Lifestyle生活方式，写信人又把笔放在纸上了。在当今世界，写信似乎是一种老式的交流方式，但在中国，人们正在采取行动…
C. Studying abroad出国学习，周六，24名在美国南部学习的中国学生获得了一项奖励… D. Sports体育运动，杜兰特回到NBA总决赛第5场… E. Science科学，华为的操作系统正在开发中…
F. News新闻，美国贸易欺凌（恃强弱的行为）危害世界。美国对中国发动了贸易战… G. Education教育，你对语言感兴趣吗？中文、英文、法文、西班牙文、德文…
（1）根据 Deng Lin is a college student.' He is going to study in America, so he needs to know what happened there. 可知邓林打算出国学习，本段文字与C相匹配，故答案是
C。
（2）根据Chen Qi is a crazy basketball fan. And he doesn't want to miss any basketball match. 可知陈琦是一个篮球迷，不想错过任何篮球比赛，本段文字的叙述跟体育运动有关，故答案是D。
（3）根据 Zhen Min is an outgoing girl. She likes to make friends and enjoy the beautiful scenes in different places. 可知甄敏是一个外向的女孩，喜欢交朋友，喜欢享受美丽的风景，本文文字内容与旅游相关，故答案是A。
（4）根据 Lin Hao wants to know what's going on all over the world. 可知，林浩想知道世界上正在发生什么，因此本文与新闻相关，故答案是F。
（5）根据 Qiu Ying can speak Chinese, English and German, and he wants to learn more. 可知邱颖会说汉语、英语歌德语，他想学得更多，本段文字与教育相关，故答案是G。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
7．以下五首超短诗歌，每一首都从淡淡的忧伤中透出坚定的力量，请你把A、B、C、D、E填入下面方框中相应的横线处、使上下句诗歌完美配对。 A. but the memories I have made will last forever B. No matter how difficult life may be C. There's happiness in this world D. but we normally only hear about one E. give up on your dream ________, there is always a reason to smile and be happy. Some of the biggest trees started off as the smallest seeds,________. Life may fly by in the blink of an eye,________.
________, sadness too, I have felt it all, ever since I met you. There are two sides to every story,________. 【答案】 B；E；A；C；D 【解析】【分析】主要讲了一首诗。
A. but the memories I have made will last forever但是我有的记忆将永远持续。 B. No matter how difficult life may be无论生活多么困难。 C. There's happiness in this world在世界上有幸福。
D. but we normally only hear about one但是我们正常情况下仅仅听到一个。 E. give up on your dream坚持你的梦想。
（1）根据there is always a reason to smile and be happy.总是有原因微笑和高兴，可知前句讲的是无论生活多么困难，总有理由高兴，故选B。
（2）根据Some of the biggest trees started off as the smallest seeds最大的树都是由最小的
种子开始的，可知是坚持理想的原因，故选E。
（3）根据Life may fly by in the blink of an eye生活可能在一眨眼间飞行，可知后句讲的是记忆永存，故选A。
（4）根据sadness too也有悲伤，可知生活中有快乐、幸福，也有悲伤，故选C。 （5）根据There are two sides to every story每个故事有两面，可知后句讲的是我们通常仅仅听说一个方面，故选D。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中仔细寻找答案。
8．阅读理解 B
Pandas-are very cute animals．In 1972,two pandas named Hsing-Hsing and Ling-Ling were sent from China to the United States as a gift．The National Zoo in Washington,D．C．became the pandas' new home．Americans fell in love with the two pandas right away．On the first day the two pandas came to the zoo，about 20,000 people visited them．People kept coming year after year．
Hsing-Hsing and Ling-Ling were just cubs（幼崽）when they got to the United States．As the years passed，many hoped the pair would have cubs of their own．Ling-Ling gave birth several times．But none of the babies lived more than a few days．Each time a cub died，people all around the world felt sad．
Both of the pandas lived to all old age．Ling-Ling was 23 when she died in 1992．Hsing-Hsing died in 1999 at the age of 28．But people never forgot them．Following Hsing-Hsing's death（死亡），the zoo received lots of letters（信）from their fans．The letters showed their love for the pandas and told how much they missed them． 根据材料内容完成下列任务。
（1）Hsing-Hsing and Ling-Ling came to the United States in 1975． （2）Ling-Ling gave birth several times，but none of the babies lived long． （3）Ling-Ling died________years earlier than Hsing-Hsing．
（4）After the two pandas died，the National Zoo got lots of letters from their________． （5）Where might you see this passage?
A. In a travel book． B. In a student's diary． C. In a medical dictionary． D. In an animal magazine． 【答案】（1）0 （2）1 （3）7／seven （4）fans （5）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了两只来自中国在美国居住的熊猫。 （1）根据In 1972,two pandas named Hsing-Hsing and Ling-Ling were sent from China to the United States as a gift．可知两只熊猫是在1972年到达美国，故不正确。
（2）根据Ling-Ling gave birth several times．But none of the babies lived more than a few days．可知没有顺利拥有后代。故正确。
（3）根据Ling-Ling was 23 when she died in 1992．Hsing-Hsing died in 1999 at the age of 28．可知玲玲是早7年死亡的。
（4）根据Following Hsing-Hsing's death，the zoo received lots of letters from their fans．得到的是粉丝的信。故填fans。
（5）根据讲述的是熊猫可知是一本动物杂志。故D选项正确。
【点评】任务型阅读考察的是学生们读取和获取信息的能力。将题干理解透彻，才能在原文中找准。同样读懂原文才能理解题干。两者相辅相成。
9．任务型阅读
（1）阅读短文，根据短文内容从方框中（A-D）选出适当的句子补全文章，并完成问题。 It is said that eyes are the windows of our soul. However, you have to look after them properly. Your eyes need everyday attention.
Firstly, ________. Have more fresh fruits, vegetable, fish, egg and milk. It's good for your eyes. Besides, a regular amount of Vitamins A and B2 should also be taken.
Secondly, ________. It relaxes the eye muscles（肌肉） and gives them the rest required, sleep can help the body to repair its tired tissues（组织）. Usually, you must sleep for at least seven to eight hours every day. Loss of sleep can give you dark circles under the eyes.
Next, ________. Exercise your eyes at regular periods, which makes the eyeballs water, and gives them a good wash.
Lastly, ________. For example, if a small thing goes into your eye, you start rubbing it, which is wrong. Rubbing is harmful to your eyes. Wear sunglasses to stop the sunshine from shining directly into your eyes. Too much reading, writing, watching television or working on the computer can also cause eye tiredness, so a good rest is required.
If you always take care of God's most beautiful gift, your life will be very colorful. A. you must have a regular and sound sleep B. you have to pay more attention to your diet C. you should use your eyes in right ways D. it's necessary for you to exercise eyes every day （2）What is the best title of the passage? A. The tips of eating healthily B. The tips of wearing sunglasses C. The tips of doing eye exercises D. The tips of looking after eyes 【答案】 （1）B；A；D；C （2）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述如何保护眼睛变得健康。我们应该常做眼部锻炼，在长久工作学习以后要休息一会，放松眼睛等等。眼睛对我们很重要，因此要保护好我们的眼睛。
A. you must have a regular and sound sleep.A.你必须有规律和良好的睡眠。 B. you have to pay more attention to your diet.你得多注意饮食。
C. you should use your eyes in right ways.你应该用正确的方式使用你的眼睛 D. it's necessary for you to exercise eyes every day.你必须每天锻炼眼睛。
由上文 Your eyes need everyday attention. 眼睛需要每天注意。可知这是个总说。以下都是具体的分别说明。是总分关系。
（1）根据 Have more fresh fruits, vegetable, fish, egg and milk. It's good for your eyes. Besides, a regular amount of Vitamins A and B2 should also be taken. 可知这段是从饮食方面对眼睛进行保护。故选B。
（2）根据 It relaxes the eye muscles（肌肉） and gives them the rest required, sleep can help the body to repair its tired tissues（组织）. Usually, you must sleep for at least seven to eight hours every day. Loss of sleep can give you dark circles under the eyes.Loss of sleep can give you dark circles under the eyes. 可知是从睡眠方面对眼睛进行保护。故选A。
（3）根据 . Exercise your eyes at regular periods, which makes the eyeballs water, and gives them a good wash.定期锻炼你的眼睛，这会使你的眼球水汪汪的，这是一个好的清洁手段，因此锻炼眼睛是有必要的，故选D。
（4）根据 For example, if a small thing goes into your eye, you start rubbing it, which is wrong. Rubbing is harmful to your eyes. Wear sunglasses to stop the sunshine from shining directly into your eyes. Too much reading, writing, watching television or working on the computer can also cause eye tiredness, so a good rest is required. 可知从防止异物进入眼睛，要戴太阳镜。用眼时间长会造成眼疲劳，注意用眼的方式对眼睛进行保护。故选C。
（5）标题判断题。根据文章大意可知主要从四个方面来说明如何保护眼睛。只有选项D，揭示文章的内容。故选D。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
10．任务型阅读
You may not realize it, but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at school. School is also the place where you learn to get on well with people. But this is not always easy. What can you do if you just don't like one of your classmates?
If you discover that you have problems ① （get） on with your classmates or friends, the most important thing ② （learn） is tolerance（宽容） . Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others. We cannot change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them.
Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other. Getting to know someone may help you understand why he does things differently. Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us to keep a temperate and open mind.
You need to remember an old saying, （A）“Treat others how you want to be treated. ” If you tolerate something, it does not mean that you have to like it.
（B）现在，没有人要求你改变自己。 Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.
It is important to practice tolerance, because it will make everyone's life easier. （C）学会接受能力、兴趣与自己不同的人。The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference. （1）①②用适当形式填空。 （2）把句子（A）翻译成汉语。 （3）把句子（B）翻译成英语。 （4）把句子（C）翻译成英语。 （5）找出本文的主旨大意句。 【答案】 （1）getting |to learn/learning
（2）你想别人怎么对待你, 你就怎么对待别人。（己所不欲勿施于人） （3）Now, no one requires you to change yourself.
（4）Learn to accept people who own different ability and interests from you.
（5）The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference.
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了如何跟你不喜欢的同学相处的方法。
（1） ①句意：如果你发现你在与你同学或者朋友相处是有问题。have problem doing sth，做某事有问题，固定搭配。故答案是getting
②句意：要学习的最重要的事实宽容，learn是修饰前面的thing的，应使用动词不定式作后置定语。故答案是to learn。
（2）treat others，对待别人； how you want to be treated. 你想如何对待。故答案案是： 你想别人怎么对待你，你就怎么对待别人。（己所不欲勿施于人）
（3）现在now；没有人no one；要求你require you；改变你自己change yourself，require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事。no one属于不定代词，按照三单对待。故答案是 Now, no one requires you to change yourself.
（4）学会做……learn to do；能力ability；兴趣interest；与……不同different…from。 能力、兴趣与自己不同 作定语修饰people，应使用定语从句。故答案是 Learn to accept people who own different ability and interests from you.
（5） The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference. 位于文章的结尾，是对整篇文章的概述，因此这句就是本篇文章的中心句。故答案是 The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference.
【点评】考查任务型阅读，先看清要求，按照要求去做题。
11．阅读下面五则关于节日的描述，然后从文后所给的A-F五个选项中选择正确的答案。 Lingling and her friends are talking about what they have done on some special days. Choose the right day they are taking about.
________⑴Lingling: My mother really loves me and cares about me. And so do I. So I bought some flowers and a cake for my mother on that day. She was really happy and kissed me. ________⑵Jason: We played a joke on Alex on that day. But he found the truth. Anyway, we really have fun that day.
________⑶Edison: We went to the city center to eat, sing, and count down together. When the new year came, all of us were really excited and made a new year's wish.
________⑷Lucy: We gave our teachers flowers and best wishes that day. They said we were naughty sometimes, but still love us.
________⑸Bruce: My family ate mooncakes and watched some TV programs that day. Of course the moon in the sky was really round and bright. A. New Year's Day B. Teachers' Day C. Mid-Autumn Festival D. April Fool's Day E. Mother's Day 【答案】 E；D；A；B；C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：玲玲和她的朋友在讨论5个节日，分别是春节，教师节，中秋节，愚人节和母亲节。 A. New Year's Day春节 B. Teachers' Day教师节 C. Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 D. April Fool's Day愚人节 E. Mother's Day母亲节
（1）根据文章提到的 So I bought some flowers and a cake for my mother on that day可知那天是母亲节，故选E。 （2）根据文章提到的
We played a joke on Alex on that day 可知， 那天是愚人节，故选D。
（3）根据文章提到的 When the new year came, all of us were really excited and made a new year's wish 可知，那天是春节，故选A。
（4）根据文章提到的 We gave our teachers flowers and best wishes that day 可知，那天是教师节，故选B。
（5）根据文章提到的 My family ate mooncakes and watched some TV programs that day 可知，那天是中秋节，故选C。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，做此类题首先熟悉各个选项的意思，然后抓住段落的关键句，选出正确选项，即可。
12．任务型阅读
As the Internet is developing fast, more and more new words and phrases have been created in Chinese. Here are some examples.
One of the most popular words is Dianzan, which is often used when you quite agree with someone. Another example is Renxing. When you say somebody is Renxing, you mean that they will do whatever they like. The phrase Miaosha first came from online shopping, which means ou can complete your shopping orders before others. But now it's widely used when you achieve your purpose in a very short time. If you describe someone as a Tuhao, you mean that he or she is very rich.
You can find lots of such new Chinese words. Keep learning and you'll know more about Chinese culture. （1）When you quite agree with someone, what will you say? （2）What does Renxing mean in English?
（3）How many kinds of Internet language are mentioned in the passage? （4）What does the underlined word \"purpose\" mean in Chinese? （5）把文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。 【答案】 （1）Dianzan
（2）People will do whatever they like （3）Four （4）目标，目的
（5）不断学习，你会对中国文化了解更多。
【解析】【分析】文章大意：随着网络的快速发展，越来越多新的中文词汇和短语被发明。这里有一些例子：其中最流行的词汇是点赞，被用在当你赞同某人的时候．另一个例子是任性。当你说某人任性，你的意思是他们能做他们喜欢做的。
（1）细节理解题；根据One of the most popular words is Dianzan，which is often used when you quite agree with someone.最流行的词之一是“点赞\"，当你非常同意某人的意见时，它经常被用来表达你的意见。故答案为Dianzan。
（2）细节理解题；根据Another example is Renxing．When you say somebody is Rcnxing，you mean that they will do whatever they like可知任性指的是做自己喜欢做的事情，故答案为People will do whatever they like。
（3）细节归纳题；本文提到了Dianzan点赞，Renxing任性，Miaosha秒杀和Tuhao土豪四个网络词汇，故答案为Four。
（4）词义推测题；根据The phrase Miaosha first came from online shopping，which means you can complete your shopping orders before others．But now it's widely used when you achieve your purpose in a very short time，可知秒杀首先是出现在购物上，是说比其他人先完成订单，后来广泛运用于说在短时间达到……，根据完成购物订单也就是达到购物目的，在其他方面秒杀也可指在很短的时间达到自己的某种目的，故可以猜测purpose是表示目的含义，故答案为目标，目的。
（5）翻译题；keep doing一直做某事；Chinese culture中国文化：will+do将会，故答案为不断学习，你会对中国文化了解更多。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先通读全文掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，做
出正确的回答。
13．阅读短文，根据所提供的信息，从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的选项填入⑴~⑶三个空格中，并在⑷~⑸小题的空白处填入适当内容，每空一词。完成下面的思维导图。 Anger（生气） is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses an important game, when a friend borrows our favorite thing and then breaks it, you may get really angry.
Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe（呼吸） faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit someone, but sometimes you hide your anger. For example, you may hide it in your heart. But if you do this, you may get a stomach ache or headache
In fact, it's not good to hide your anger, and it's common for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or yourself. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people, such as your friends, your parents, your teachers and so on. You can also count from 1 to 100, go for a bike ride, and think about good things, etc. Remember that how you act when you are angry can make something better or worse. Don't let your anger control you.
A. Actions（表现） B. Ways C. Reasons（原因） ⑴________ ⑵________ ⑶________ ⑷________ ⑸________ 【答案】 C；A；B；headache；talk
【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多原因会使得人生气，然后介绍了生气的表现，最后介绍了生气时我们该做什么来疏导情绪。
（1）根据文章提到的 Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses an important game, when a friend borrows our favorite thing and then breaks it, you may get really angry 可知，此处说了生气的原因，填入reasons，故选C。
（2）根据文章提到的 your body will tell you when you are angry 可知，此处说了生气的表现，填入Actions，故选A。
（3）根据文章提到的 But anger must be let out in the right way 可知，此处说了缓解愤怒的方式，故答案为ways，故选B。
（4）根据文章提到的 But if you do this, you may get a stomach ache or headache 可知，会引
起头疼，故答案为headache。
（5）根据文章提到的 When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people 可知，可以和他人交流，talk，故答案为talk。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，注意记录文章关键句。
14．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的句子补全短文。
\"Tome Stay is a form of study abroad program. It allows the visitor to stay with a local family to better understand the local lifestyle. It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability. If you wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience，you should join this kind of holiday. ________ ,\" said a teacher during a school meeting last term.
After this meeting, ________ . At last, I had such a chance to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates last month. We went to London, a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.
After we got to London, we went to stay with different families. I was lucky that my host family（寄宿家庭）was a white couple who had a daughter about my age. ________ . They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from then on.
________ . After breakfast, a local teacher would come to take us in his car. Then we would have classes or go on a sight-seeing trip to different places of interest like Big Ben, London Bridge, and Buckingham Palace. We would go back to our own homes after the activities.
The holiday was a valuable experience for me. I enjoyed every minute of it. ________ . Three weeks later, we had to leave \"home\" for Hong Kong. A. Yes, time really flew fast B. I am sure you won't be disappointed C. I always thought about this kind of holiday D. It took me 8 hours to fly to London E. They treated me as a daughter of their family F. The holiday was filled with activities every day 【答案】 B；C；E；F；A 【解析】【分析】短文大意：了解他国文化可以通过居住的人们家里进行了解，作者假期在伦敦的一户人家里居住，在度假期间，那户人家对他很好，并且作者每天过的很充实。 A. Yes, time really flew fast是的，时间过得很快。 B. I am sure you won't be disappointed我肯定你不会失望。 C. I always thought about this kind of holiday我总是考虑这种假期。
D. It took me 8 hours to fly to London它花了我8个小时飞往伦敦。
E. They treated me as a daughter of their family他们把我像他们家的女儿一样对待。 F. The holiday was filled with activities every day这个假期每天充满了活动。
（1）根据上文提到 If you wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience，you should join this kind of holiday 可知， 此处说了我肯定你不会失望，故选B。
（2）根据下文提到 At last, I had such a chance to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates last month. 可知，作者考虑过这种假期，故选C。
（3）根据后文提到的 They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from then on 可知，他们把我像他们的女儿一样招待，故选E。
（4）根据后文提到作者去了很多地方，每天过的很充实，可知空缺的意义为这个假期每天充满了活动，故选F。
（5）根据后文提到 Three weeks later, we had to leave \"home\" for Hong Kong 可知，作者觉得时间过得很快，故选A。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系上下文，确定空格所缺的语句，即可。
15．阅读理解
When we talked about the space, we know the universe means the earth, the sun, the moon, the stars and so on in space. Many of the stars are so far away that we can't see them.
Through our geography lessons, we know the earth ①goes around the sun, and the moon goes around the earth.
We have day and night because the earth keeps moving all the time. Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. ②The sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too. Why? In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. ③But in fact the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon.
④在宇宙中仍然有许多其他的行星。But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things. People on the earth have studied the space all the time. They've sent many spaceships into the space many times. On November 3 and 14,2011,Chinese scientists let Shenzhou Ⅷ successfully dock with（对接）the Tiangong Ⅰtwice. This is one of the greatest events in the history of China's space. （1）画线①处的汉语意思是________ 。 （2）Why do we have day and night? （3）写出画线②处的同义句。 （4）把画线③处的句子译成汉语。 （5）把画线④处的句子译成英语。 【答案】 （1）绕着，转
（2）We have day and night because the earth keeps moving all the time. （3）The sun is so bright that it can give out very strong light. （4）但是实际上恒星要比月亮大得多明亮得多。 （5）There are still many other planets in the universe. 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一些宇宙知识。
（1）根据and the moon goes around the earth月球绕着地球转，可知此处goes around是绕着，转的意思，故答案是绕着，转 。
（2）根据We have day and night because the earth keeps moving all the time可知我们有白天和黑夜是因为地球始终在转动，故答案是 We have day and night because the earth keeps moving all the time.
（3）根据the sun is bright enough to give out very strong light太阳足够的耀眼以至于能发出很强的光，形容词+enough to do=so+形容词+that+句子，如此以至于，故答案是 The sun is so bright that it can give out very strong light.
（4）根据but，但是，in fact，事实上，bigger and brighter，又大又明亮 ，故答案是 但是实际上恒星要比月亮大得多明亮得多。
（5）根据there be，某地有，many，许多，修饰名词复数，other planets，其他的行星，故be动词用are，in the universe，在宇宙中，故答案是 There are still many other planets in the universe.
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
16．任务型阅读
Hi! My name is Dave. I am a middle school student but I think my life is different from most other students. After school, I always hunt wild birds and animals with my father, uncles and brothers. I also help them to plant and harvest （收割） crops. I want to be a carpenter. A carpenter is someone who works with wood and fixes （修理） chairs and other things made of wood. I have made lots of things like tables and other furniture.
My elder sister does many different kinds of things every day. She makes our candles （蜡烛） by using the oil and fat from sheep and cows. These candles give us light at night. She also gets the wool from sheep. My mother and grandmother also teach her to sew. She can make letters and pictures on the cloths with needles. I think we live a very happy country life. （1）What is Dave？（不超过5个词）
（2）What does a carpenter work with？（不超过5个词） （3）What does Dave feel about his country life？（不超过5个词） 【答案】 （1）He is a student. （2）Wood. （3）Very happy.
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了德芙和他的姐姐个人情况和爱好。
（1）根据 I am a middle school student 可知德芙是个中学生。故答案是 He is a student. （2）根据 A carpenter is someone who works with wood 可知木匠是用木头来工作的。故答案是Wood。
（3）根据 I think we live a very happy country life. 可知他认为他的农村生活很快乐。故答案是 Very happy.
【点评】考察任务型阅读，任务型阅读简答类似于阅读理解的细节理解，一般都可以直接从文中找到答案。
17．根据短文内容，完成下面的表格。每空一词。
Many of us have ever loved the two toy bears-a brown Teddy bear and a yellow Winnie-the-Pooh bear. The two toy bears come froth real stories in life.
In 1902, Theodore Roosevelt, President of the USA, went on hunting. The hunting dogs found an old bear in the forest near Washington D. C. and the guide asked the president to shoot（射杀）it. But President Roosevelt disagreed. A cartoonist（漫画家）drew a cartoon showing that the president refused to shoot the bear. Soon, the bear began to appear in other newspapers. People named the bear Teddy which was Theodore's nickname（昵称）.
In 1913, a captain named Harry Colebourn paid 20dollars for a black bear which was born in the Canadian countryside. The captain's hometown, Winnipeg, was the origin（起源）of the bear's name. In Winnipeg, Winnie served as the mascot（吉祥物）. When World War I began, the captain went to France. Winnie was sent to London Zoo which many kids often visited. Because of its lovely look, the bear became popular with children.
The Stories about the Two Rea Name Appearing Time Birth Place Name America Roosevelt ________ Captain Harry Colebourn Origin of the Teddy, the nickname of President Theodore Winnipeg, the ________ of Reasons for A cartoon showing that the president didn't The lovely look attracting the Being Popular ________ ________the idea of shooting the attention of children who often bear. 【答案】 earlier；Canada；hometown；agree；with 【解析】【分析】短文大意；我们很多人听说了Teddy和Winnie-the-Pooh，然后作者介绍了这些名字的起源。
（1）根据文章提到 In 1902和 In 1913 可知，Teddy比Winnie早11年，空缺填入earlier。
（2）根据文章提到的 In 1913, a captain named Harry Colebourn paid 20dollars for a black bear which was born in the Canadian countryside 可知，它出生在加拿大，空缺填入Canada。 （3）根据文章提到的 The captain's hometown, Winnipeg 可知， 空缺处填入hometown。
went to London Zoo. Teddy 11 years ________ than Winnie Winnie-the-Pooh In 1913 （4）根据文章提到的 But President Roosevelt disagreed 可知，空缺填入agree。 （5）根据文章提到的 But President Roosevelt disagreed 可知，空缺填入with。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。
18．阅读下列语段，把它们组成一篇连贯的短文。
A. A fire engine will arrive quickly. The firemen know what to do. They have long ladders to reach high windows.
B. If you want to be a fireman，you must be strong and healthy. A fireman has to be able to carry heavy things. He has to be able to climb ladders and to work in high places. So he also has to be brave.
C. They try their best to rescue the people who can't get out. If some people are hurt，they are taken to hospital in ambulances（救护车）.
D. When a fire begins，we must tell the fireman. Do you know how to do this？
E. After all the people have been rescued，the firemen put out the fire. Sometimes this is very difficult because some people keep things in passages and on stairs. Then the firemen can't get past to fight the fire.
F. Go to the nearest telephone and dial the number 119. When someone speaks，tell him about the fire. Speak slowly and clearly.
D→ ________→ ________→ ________→ ________→ ________ 【答案】 F；A；C；E；B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：当有火警发生，通知消防人员，他们会展开救援工作，如果你想成为消防人员，你需要变的强壮和健康。
（1）根据上文提到we must tell the fireman，可知接下来应该说打火警电话，故选F。 （2）根据上文提到
When someone speaks，tell him about the fire 可知，接下来应该是说消防人员会来，故选A。
（3）根据上文提到 They have long ladders to reach high windows 可知，此处应该说消防人员如何救人，故选C。
（4）根据上文提到消防人员救人，可知应该说接下来发生的事情，故选E。
（5）根据上文说了消防人员的工作内容，可知此处应该是对消防人员的工作做一个总结，故选B。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，做此类题首先熟悉各个选项，结合常识和逻辑知识，给出选项的正确顺序，即可。
19．任务型阅读
Not enough American students want to be engineers, mathematicians, or scientists. The US government wants to change that. The government will spend three billion dollars on the education of young Americans in science, technology, engineering, and maths. ________. Many jobs in the STEM fields will open in the coming years. The purpose of the government's investment（投资）is to increase the number of Americans who can take those jobs. ________ than boys. Only 25 percent of STEM students are girls.
Camsic McAdams is at the US Education Department. She says girls simply do not feel welcomed in STEM subjects, Debbie Sterling is an engineer. She invented a toy for girls. The name of the toy is \"Goldie Blox\". To interest girls, Sterling create the character\"（Goldie\". ________ . Goldie tells stories, solves difficult problems and builds new worlds.
Mia is a seven-year-old girl who likes science. In her room, she has no fashion dolls. Instead, she received a set of（Goldie Blox from her grandmother. ________ Experts say parents should do more than just buy toys to interest their girls in STEM subjects. ________.
At school, girls should take part in projects that require teamwork and creative thinking. A. Goldie does not care about beauty or clothes B. She learn to make a machine with the blocks（积木） C. Yet girls appear far less interested in STEM subjects D. They should also provide a good education E. The four areas together are known as STEM 【答案】 E；C；A；B；D 【解析】【分析】短文大意：美国人想提供从事STEM行业的工作人员，在喜欢STEM这些课程中，男生明显比女生多，作者呼吁人们应该为这些孩子提供更好的教育，而不是仅仅给孩子购买娃娃。
A. Goldie does not care about beauty or clothesGoldie并不关心美丽或衣服。 B. She learn to make a machine with the blocks她学会用积木造一台机器。
C. Yet girls appear far less interested in STEM subjects然而女孩子似乎对STEM课程远缺乏兴趣。
D. They should also provide a good education他们也应该提供一个好的教育。 E. The four areas together are known as STEM这四个领域合起来命名为STEM。 （1）根据后文提到 Many jobs in the STEM fields will open in the coming years ，出现了STEM，可知空缺的语句应该解释STEM是什么，故选E。
（2）根据后文提到的Only 25 percent of STEM students are girls，可知空缺的语句意义
为女生对这些课程不感兴趣，故选C。
（3）根据后文提到的 Goldie tells stories, solves difficult problems and builds new worlds 可知，Goldie不关心美丽或者衣服，故选A。
（4）根据上文提到 Mia is a seven-year-old girl who likes science ，可知她学会用积木造机器，故选B。
（5）根据上文提到 Experts say parents should do more than just buy toys to interest their girls in STEM subjects 可知，他们应该为女孩提供更好的教育，故选D。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉各个选项的意思，联系上下文，确定空缺语句，即可。
20．任务型阅读 C
When we say a person blows his own trumpet，we mean he tells other people how good and successful he is．That is usually an act of arrogance（自大）．But teachers at Wimbledon High School once asked their students to blow their own trumpet．
\"Some students are under too much pressure（压力）and they find it difficult to accept that they have been successful，\"said Ms Hanbury,head of this famous all—girls school in London．\"They push themselves hard and might never be happy．\"That's why the\"Blow Your Own Trumpet Week\"was held in the school．
In the\"Blow Your Own Trumpet Week\（失败）.They also asked them to tell how well they did in each subject．In this way,he school wanted to help students to know they were all good at something and that they didn't have to be good at everything．
Before that．the school ran a\"Failure Week\"to help students deal with setbacks （应对挫折）．The students learned how to get better from setbacks quickly,so they wouldn't think it was the end of the world if they didn't do well in an exam． 根据材料内容完成下列任务。
（1）The\"Blow Your Own Trumpet Week\"was held to help students who ． A. had trouble getting out of their setbacks B. didn't spend enough time on their studies C. found it difficult to accept their success D. didn't like to talk with their teachers （2）Ms Hanbury asked her students not to talk about their success．
（3）The students couldn't talk about their subjects in the\"Blow Your Own Trumpet Week\"． （4）Where is Wimbledon High School?
（5）Which was held earlier,\"Blow Your Own Trumpet Week\"or\"Failure Week\"? 【答案】（1）C （2）0 （3）0 （4）In London． （5）\"Failure Week\"．
【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了伦敦的失败周和自吹自擂周。
（1）细节理解题，根据第二段They push themselves hard and might never be happy可知自吹自擂周是为了那些发现很难接受他们的成功的学生举办的，故选C。
（2）细节理解题，根据第二段 \"Some students are under too much pressure（压力）and they find it difficult to accept that they have been successful，\"said Ms Hanbury可知 Hanbury女士没有不让学生谈论他们的成功，因此错误。
（3）细节理解题，根据第三段n the\"Blow Your Own Trumpet Week\stories of success and failure可知学生在自吹自擂周可以谈论自己的成功和失败，没有提到不能谈论自己的科目，因此错误。
（4）细节理解题，根据第二段Ms Hanbury,head of this famous all—girls school in London．可知这个学校在伦敦，故填In London．
（5）细节理解题，根据最后一段Before that．the school ran a\"Failure Week\"to help students deal with setbacks 可知失败周更早，故填\"Failure Week\"．
【点评】这篇文章比较简单，需要学生认真阅读原文，从中找出正确答案。
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