英语中的时态与语态-精讲

⑷过去进行时→ was/were +doing（v-ing） （过去）正在做某事 ①对现在有影响 ⑸现在完成时→ have/has + done（过去分词） ②从过去持续到现在

⑹过去完成时→ had +done（过去分词） 过去的过去，强调前后动作

shall/will +do（动词原形） ⑺一般将来时 → be动词（is/am/are）+going to do(动词原形）

should/would +do（动词原形） ⑻过去将来时 →

be动词（was/were）+going to do(动词原形）

将正在做某事，强调动作（未发生） ⑼将来进行时→ shall/will be +doing（v-ing）

⑽现在完成进行时→ have/has been +doing（v-ing） 从过去一直持续到现在的动作

（过去某个时间段） ⑾过去将来进行时→ should/would be +doing（v-ing）将正在做某事

（未发生） ⑿将来完成时→ shall/will have +done（过去分词） 将已经完成某事

⒀将来完成进行时→ shall/will have been +doing（v-ing） 从现在一直持续到未来的动作

⒁过去完成进行时→ had been +doing（v-ing） 从过去的过去一直持续到过去的动作 A.虚拟条件状从句（if）+had done（过去分词），主句（would/should ⒂过去将来完成时→ +have done（过去分词）） B.虚拟语气（与过去事实相反）

从过去一直持续到未⒃过去将来完成进行时→ should/would have been +doing（v-ing）

来的动作 附录：动词（时态）搭配表 时态 进行时 完成时 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 过去将来时 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成时 完成进行时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 将来完成进行时 过去将来完成进行时 16种时态中的被动语态 主动：A + 一般动词（do）+ B

语态：主动和被动 被动：B + be done（过去分词）+ by A

eg. You play basketball.

⑴一般现在时：The basketball is played by you.→ be动词（is/am/are）+done

⑵一般过去时：The basketball was played by you.→ be动词（was/were）+done

⑶现在进行时：The basketball is being played by you.→ be动词（is/am/are）+being done

（was/are）+being done ⑷过去进行时：The basketball was being played by you.→ be动词

（have/has）+been done ⑸现在完成时：The basketball has been played by you.→ 助动词

⑹过去完成时：The basketball had been played by you.→ 助动词（had）+been done

⑺一般将来时：The basketball will be played by you.→ 情态动词（shall/will）+be done

⑻过去将来时：The basketball would be played by you.→ 情态动词（should/would）+be done

⑼将来进行时：The basketball will be being played by you.→ 情态动词（shall/will）+be being done

⑽现在完成进行时：The basketball has been being played by you.→ 助动词（have/has）+been being done

⑾过去将来进行时：The basketball would be being played by you.→

情态动词（should/would）+be being done 情态动词（shall/will）⑿将来完成时：The basketball will have been played by you.→ +have been done

⒀将来完成进行时：The basketball will have been being played by you.→

情态动词（shall/will）+have been being done 助动词（had）+been ⒁过去完成进行时：The basketball had been being played by you.→ being done

⒂过去将来完成时：The basketball would have been played by you.→

情态动词（should/would）+have been done 情态动词（should/⒃过去将来完成进行时：The basketball would have been being played by you. would）+have been

being done 注：红体字部分为常用时态的被动形式 附录：动词（被动形式）搭配表 动词形式 be动词be动词助动词助动词情态动词（组合） （is/am/are） （was/were） （have/has） （had） （shall/will） done 一般现在时 一般过去时 / / / being done 现在进行时 过去进行时 / / / been done / / 现在完成时 过完 / be done / / / / 一般将来时 be being done / / / / 将来进行时 been being done / / 现完成进行 过完进 / have been done / / / / 将来完成时 have been being / / / / 将来完成进行情态动词（should/would） / / / 过去将来时 过去将来进行时 / 过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进done

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