英语中考常考的语法知识点

一．冠词

1. an umbrella, an uncle, an unpleasant trip

2. a uniform, a university, a unit, a UFO, a useful book 3. an hour, an honest boy

4. an “a”( e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x) , a “b”( c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z) 5. a European country

6. Children’s Day, May Day, the Spring Festival

7. —I lost the book I bought last week.— Is it a black one? 二．名词

1. 名词单复数: many sheep, few deer, several Japanese, a few geese, two mice； radios, photos 2. 名词所有格: Tom and Mary’s father, Tom’s and Mary’s fathers

the key to the door, the answer to the question；Teachers’ Day, Mother’s Day ten minutes’ walk, a five-day holiday, five days’ holiday

3. 不可数名词: weather、news、information、advice、music、fun、room(空间)、work (cf: a message, He likes reading newspapers)

There is an orange on the table. two bottles of orange an orange dress 4. 名词作定语: shoe shops, women doctors, men nurses, girl students 5. three Englishmen, a few Germans, many Americans

6. a piece of bread a box of oranges a pair of shoes four pieces of bread two boxes of oranges five pairs of shoes 三．数词:

1. thousands of, three hundred 2. two thirds, three quarters, one fifth

3. ninth, twelfth, fortieth 4. in the 1860s/ 1860’s (19世纪60年代), in her forties 5. Bus No. 112, the second lesson, Lesson Two; the twenty-first century 6. another two boys=two more boys 四．代词

1. 人称代词: his, hers, mine: His watch is new. It isn’t his. a friend of mine/ hers/ Li Ming’s 2. 疑问代词: how soon---in; how often---seldom, twice a month;

how long---(for); how many times---twice, four times

3. what to do; how to do it 4. what没范围, which有范围

5. all/both/none/neither/any/either的区别:

Both of the twins are teachers, but neither of them likes teaching. All of the doctors have to learn French, but none of them likes it.

There are many tall trees on the both sides of the road / river.(either side, each side) 6. other, the other, others, the others, another: some…others, (two)one…the other The shoes are nice, I want to buy another pair.

7. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Dongguan. The students in Dongguan is better than those in Beijing. 8. We found it interesting to learn English. 五．介词

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1. be friendly to, be strict with sb., be full of, be filled with 2. in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening

on a cold morning on a hot afternoon on the evening of June 22 on Christmas Day 3. It looks nice on you. a woman with glasses,

4. It’s nice of you to say so. It’s necessary for us to remember more words. 5. Japan is to the east of China. Taiwan is in the southeast of China. Guangxi is on the west of Guangdong.

6. walk across the bridge/ street; swim across the river go through the traffic lights/ forest/ jungle/ city

7. All the students went to the park except John, because he was ill.

I need 2 more students besides John to do the work. 六． 形容词和副词

1. An elephant is (very, quite, so, too) big.

2. A friend of mine is as heavy as me. He is not so/ as tall as her.

3. much+比较级, much more+原形: He is much fatter that her. He is much more confident than her. 4. 一些特殊的句型：

1）Jim is the taller of the two (boys).

2）Our school is much (far/ still/ even/ a lot/a little) more beautiful than yours. 3）The earlier, the better.

4）When summer comes, the weather gets hotter and hotter. 5）Today English is becoming more and more important. 6）He is 2 kilos heavier than I.

7）The weather in Guangzhou is always warmer than that in Beijing. 8）The students in our school are more than those in your school. 9）Paris is one of the liveliest cities in the world.

10) .The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 5. He is careful enough. He does everything carefully.

6. the poor, the old, the rich, the dead, the young: The young are always energetic. 七．情态动词:

1. —Must I…?—No, you needn’t/ don’t have to. 2. —I am not sure. It may…

3. must:交通规矩，规章制度； 表肯定猜测“一定” 4. can’t: 表猜测“肯定不是”：The lady over there can’t be our teacher. She has gone to Shanghai. 八．连词： but, however, or(否则)， unless（除非）， not…until 九．被动语态

1. I wasn’t told about this.

2. The old should be spoken politely. 3. She was taken to the hospital in time.

4. 没有被动：happen, take place, 连词动词，belong to 十. 现在完成时（注意用延续性动词）

1. How long have you had the car? I bought it half a month ago. 2. The film has been on for ten minutes.

3. —Sorry. The boss isn’t here. He has gone to Guangzhou. 4. So far, his father has been there many times.

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5. He has been in America for twenty years.

6. The boy has learned six languages since two years ago. 7. Guangdong has changed a lot in the past few years. 十一. 主将从现:

主将 从现

will/ be going to/ be doing if(如果)

祈使句（do, don’t …） + as soon as + 一般现在时 含情态动词 until/unless 现在完成时

when/ before/ after 1. I won’t go to bed unless my homework is finished. 2. Please tell me the truth if you know. 3. We must wait if they are late. 十二. 感叹句

1. What an exciting football game we watched! 2. What expensive houses!

3. What beautiful music! What important information! 4. How funny the story is! 十三. 非谓语动词

1. tell/ask sb. (not) to do,

2. see/watch/hear sb do, see/watch/hear sb doing 3. make sb. (not)do； let sb. do

4. have sth. done: My computer is broken. I want to have it repaired. 5. you’d better do /not do: You’d better not laugh at others. 6. why not do sth.? 十四. 定语从句 先行词 关系代词或副词 人 who(主\\宾)，whom(宾)，whose（“谁的”）， that 物 which, that 只用that：①all, anything, everything, something②the first, the ninth, the best, the most expensive③the only, the very④the person and the thing 地点作状语 where 时间作状语 when 原因 (the reason) why 1. This is the place where he was born. 3. I can’t forget the days when we studied together. 2. This is the place that/ which he visited. 4. I can’t forget the days that/ which we spent together. 十五. there be: There will be, there is going to be, There is…, isn’t there? 十六. 宾语从句: 1. 陈述句语序

2. 时态（注意真理）例外：Could you tell me when she will arrive? 3. 连接词：that, if/whether(or not), what/how/which…

4. I don’t know what happened to him./ who broke the window/ what’s wrong with him. 十七. 反意疑问句

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1. Let’s go boating, shall we? Don’t play in the street, will you? 2. Pass me some salt, will you?

3. The guests have to go, don’t they? He’s read many books written by Luxun, hasn’t he? 4. 否定词：seldom, hardly, few, little, never, nothing, nobody 十八. 连系动词

1. feel, smell, sound, taste, look; seem, stay, keep + adj 2. 没有被动：The food tastes bad. 十九. 主谓一致：

1. 就近原则：Neither he nor I have been to the USA. Either she or I am going to study abroad.

Not only his parents but also his sister is an engineer.

There are some people and a dog on the beach. There is a dog and some people on the beach. 2. 就远原则: with/ together with/ besides/ except/but(除…之外)/ as well as/ including… 3. 金钱、距离、时间表单数：100 dollars is not enough. 二十. 交际

1. —Would you mind my sitting beside you?

不介意：—No, of course not. / Certainly not / Not at all. 介意：—Sorry, but …/you’d better not.

2. 回答sorry：Never mind. / it doesn’t matter./ Not at all./That’s all right. 3. 回答thank you：It’s my pleasure. /You’re welcome./ That’s all right. 4. That’s right. 那是对的。 All right. 好吧。 You’re right. 你是对的。 That’s all right. 别人表歉意或谢意时可以用，意为\"没关系\"或\"不用谢\" 二十一. 辨别：

1. be made of /be made from /be made by sb. /be made in +地点

be made of 由…制成(可看出原材料) The coat is made of silk. The desk is made of wood. be made from 由…制成(不能看出原材料)Paper is made from bamboo. 2.a number of ≈ a lot of +名词复数:A number of students are playing.

the number of +名词: …的数量 (第三人称单数) The number of the students in our class is 56. 3. sometimes 有时 sometime 某时

some times 几次 some time 一段时间

4. so(否定：neither) +be/情态动词/助动词+主语 …也是，…也一样 so(否定：neither) +主语+be/情态动词/助动词 …确实如此 5. succeed(v.), successful(adj.), success(n. )

6. die (v.), dead(adj.), death(n. ): He has been dead for ten years. 7. ill/ sick: She is ill/ sick. a sick man

8. so that / such that 句型 （so many people, so interesting a boy=such an interesting boy） 9. used to do 过去常常做某事 be/get used to doing习惯做某事 be used to do/ for doing 被用来做 be used as 被用作… 10. It / Sth takes sb to do 花时间; Sth cost 花钱 Sb spend +时间/钱+(in) doing sth/on sth; Sb pay for 付钱

注意以下单词的拼写: 自豪的adj. proud 语言n. language 掉下来v. fall--fell--fallen 真实的adj. true 乱丢垃圾v. litter 感觉v. feel--felt--felt 相信v. believe 决定n. decision

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