广东省高等教育自学考试
高级英语（一）课程（课程代码：07374）考试大纲 目录
I 课程性质与设置目的 II课程内容和考核目标
第一单元HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第二单元BEWARE THE DIRTY SEAS 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第三单元MY FRIEND, ALBERT EINSTEIN 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第四单元THE INVISIBLE POOR 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第五单元TV AND THE AMERICAN FAMILY 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容
三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第六单元PREPARING FOR COLLEGE 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第七单元GROUPING THE GIFTED：PRO 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第八单元WHY NOTHING WORKS 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第九单元WHERE IS THE NEWS LEADING US？ 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第十单元THINGS：THE THROW-AWAY SOCIETY 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第十一单元CULTIV ATING A HOBBY 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容
三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第十二单元THE ROLE OF CUSTOM 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第十三单元WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (1) 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第十四单元WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (2) 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求
第十五单元I HA VE A DREAM 一、学习目的与要求 二、课程内容 三、考核知识点 四、考核要求 Ⅲ有关说明与实施要求 附录：题型举例 I 课程性质与设置目的
本课程是高等教育自学考试英语教育（本科）考试计划中高级阶段的精读课程，为核心必考课程。该课程是为完成基础阶段学习之后的英语专业学生进一步提高英语语言技能而设置。设置本课程的目的可以归纳为如下几方面：
1．引导学生注意吸收语言材料、扩大文化知识，特别是有关英美
的文化知识。
2．通过对文章的思想内容、篇章结构、语言技巧的分析，提高学生用英文表述对文章的理解、分析及评述的能力。
3．继续强化语言基本功，努力发展学生综合运用英语的能力。 II 课程内容与考核目标 （考核知识、考核要求）
第1单元HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD 一、学习目的与要求 To grasp:
1. the importance of choosing the right word for one‘s purpose;
2.the double function of the correct choice of words; 3.semantic differences between words of the same root; 4.wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations;
5.stylistic differences between synonyms; 6.words of uniquely cultural load; 7.analogy.
二、课程内容：Hit the Nail on the Head I. The purpose and the organization of the text:
1. The passage begins with an analogy to illustrate the similarities between how to drive a
nail home and how to use exact English words. In this way the author dramatizes the importance of choosing the right word for one‘s purpose;
2.Paragraphs 2-4 are devoted to the double function of the correct choice of words;
3.Paragraphs 5-8 are devoted to semantic differences between words of the same root;
4.Paragraph 9 is devoted to wrong choice of words caused
by failure to recognize their
connotations;
5.Paragraph 10 is devoted to stylistic differences between synonyms;
6.Paragraph 11 is devoted to words of uniquely cultural load; 7.Paragraph 12 is devoted to the abundance of specific words in English for general
notions;
8.The passage ends with an emphasis on quality rather than quantity in the mastery of
words.
II. Difficult points:
1.How to understand the use of analogy;
2. How to associate the end-weight principle with the understanding of the author‘s
purpose. 三、考核知识点：
1. words and phrases of this unit;
2.the importance of choosing the right word for one‘s purpose;
3.semantic differences between words;
4.the abundance of specific words in English for general notions.
四、考核要求： (一) 识记
能够准确地用英语对本课的重点词汇、短语或短句进行解释与表述，例如：
1. Hit the nail on the head: to be exactly right (in saying something);
2. drive home the nail: drive the nail into the wood precisely;
3. deft blow: effortlessly skillful blows;
4. hit the nail on the head: hitting it accurately on the head; 5. so with language: This is also true with language; 6. scrupulous: painstaking;
7. we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction: we shall be satisfied if we can find the right
words;
8. bad carpentry of language: poor mastery of language; 9. rife: common; widespread (of bad things);
10. malapopism: wrong use of a word sounding like the correct one;
11. as if the meaning were held against its will: as if the meaning of the word ?imprisoned‘ used by the journalist here in the sentence were against its original meaning;
12. to be alive to: to be sensitive to; 13. to disprove: to refute. ……
能够准确地对本课Language Work（练习册）中词汇或短语辨析部分进行判断与选择，例如：
1. A clumsy (heavy, stupid, unskillful) workman is likely to find fault with his tools.
2. As John was a deft (skilful, clever, ready) mechanic, he was hired by the joint-venture in no time.
…… （二）领会
能够对本课难句进行转写，能分析不同句子型式间的内在关系，句子转写后其语义不变。例如：
1.Choosing words is a part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words.
可转写为：To define our thoughts and feelings for ourselves as well as for those who hear or read our words, we choose our words carefully, which is a part of the process of realization.
2.It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings.
可转写为：We shall be rewarded for our hard work in choosing right words when we feel satisfied after finding them.
……
（三）简单应用
能够运用所学的语法知识与语用知识分析问题，完成完形填空与改错等任务。完形填空任务例如：
Above all we should try to c_______ an interest in words. They are the most f_______ things. The study of words, of their origins and shifting meanings, can tell us a great deal a_______ human life and thought. Compare English words w______ words in your own language. Can you translate the English word club, for example, i_______ your own language? The French couldn't, and so they took over the English word, but they pronounce it d_______. Can you find an exact English e_______ for chic(French), weltanschauung(German), ahimsa (Hindi), safari (Swahili)?
……
（四）综合应用
能够灵活运用所学的语言语法知识与文化知识分析和解决问题，完成阅读理解与段落划线部分翻译等任务。
1) 阅读理解侧重的是对文章的思想内容、篇章结构的分析与理解以及对语言的综合运用。
2）段落翻译侧重语言的综合运用，翻译时要求语言使用准确、语句通顺流畅、意义完整。本课重点学习内容例如：
(1)英语中有大量的词汇，是一门十分灵活的语言，陈述事物有很多种方法,但即使是意义接近的词语之间也有不同程度的微妙差别。作
为学生，对于这些差别必须了如指掌。通过使用字典，最重要的是通过阅读，他可以增强对这些细微差别的判断力，提高准确表达自己思想的能力。
(2) 你曾见过一个笨手笨脚的人把钉子钉进箱子里吗？他先把钉子敲到一边，然后又敲到另一边，可能把它完全敲弯了，结果钉子只钉进了一半。但是一个灵巧的木工每次都能准确的敲到钉头上，只需熟练有力的几下，就能把钉子钉进去。语言也是这样，好的语言工匠会选择能确切表达意思的词。一个力求文字精练明晰的作家是不会满足于含糊的字眼，不严密的词语，模棱两可的表述和含混的形容词的。他会尽力每一次都找到完全符合他要求的词。
……
第2单元BEWARE THE DIRTY SEAS 一、学习目的与要求 To grasp:
1.the thesis statement: the Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in the world;
2.the causes and consequences of the pollution in general; 3.cause-effect.
二、课程内容：Beware the Dirty Seas I. The organization of the text: 1. Paras.1-4 introduce the topic.
Para.1 is devoted to the thesis statement: The Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in the
world.
Paras.2-4 are devoted to the causes and consequences of the pollution in general.
2. Paras.5-10 are devoted to the first main cause---sewage. Paras.5-7 are devoted to the improper treatment of sewage by many Mediterranean countries.
Paras.8-10 are devoted to the consequences, such as
contamination of sea water and fish; greater likelihood of disease.
3. Paras.11-13 are devoted to the second main cause—industries, such as untreated wastes emitted from factories along the coast and from factories located far inland.
4. Paras.14 and 15 are devoted to other causes of pollution, such as pesticides, detergents,
fertilizers and oil.
5. Paras.16-20 are devoted to factors that lead to the severity of the case, such as
narrow and shallow outlet of the Strait of Gibraltar, weak coastal currents and feeble tides,
long-standing practice of dumping wastes into the sea, and multiplication of pollution and increasing number of tourists.
6. Paras.21 and 22 are devoted to the conclusion: efforts made to solve the problem. II. Key points for comprehension:
1. The association of the evolution of the Mediterranean culture with the development of the western civilization;
2. The significance of discussing the pollution of the Mediterranean.
三、考核知识点：
1.words and phrases of this unit;
2.the thesis statement: The Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in the world;
3.the causes and consequences of the pollution in general; 4.cause-effect. 四、考核要求 （一）识记
能够准确地用英语对本课的重点词汇、短语或短句进行解释与表
述，例如：
1. nurtured: care for;
2. fall victim to: suffered because of;
3. the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it: the bad pollution caused by the industry that developed gradually and the ignorance of environmental protection that
developed among the people around the sea; 4. stifle: stop from breathing properly; 5. lurks: exists unseen; 6. foul: make dirty and smelly; 7. effluents: waste liquid; 8. landlocked: enclosed by land; 9. cleanse: made clean and pure; 10. remorseless: merciless; ……
能够准确地对本课Language Work（练习册）中词汇或短语辨析部分进行判断与选择，例如：
1.When the wind died down, the sailboat drifted toward the beach.
a. headed b. floated c. hurried d. returned
2. The roof of the house was practically failing in and the front steps were rotting away.
a. virtually b. essentially c. always d. basically
3. The plans for the new office and building were ______ a few
weeks ago.
a. drawn to b. drawn out c. drawn up d. drawn in …… （二）领会
能够对本课难句进行转写，能分析不同句子型式间的内在关系，句子转写后其语义不变。例如：
1. The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill---the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it.
可转写为：Having nurtured so many civilizations, the Mediterranean, as a result, is gravely ill and becomes the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it.
2. But it will be a long time before the measures they approved take effect in cleaning up the sea.
可转写为：A long time will be needed for the measures they approved to take effect in cleaning up the sea.
……
（三）简单应用
能够运用所学的语法知识与语用知识分析问题，完成完形填空与改错等任务。完形填空任务例如：
Typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, polio, viral hepatitis and food poisoning are e_______ in the area, and there are periodic o________ of cholera. The mournful litany of disease is c_______ by sewage. Eighty-five per cent of the waste from the Mediterranean's 120 c_____ cities is pushed into the waters w_______ their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is more,
most cities just drop it in straight o_______ the beach; rare indeed are the places like Cannes and Tel Aviv w_______ pipe it even half a mile offshore.
Less than 100,000 of Greece's four million coastal people have their s________ properly treated and Greece, as our map shows, is one of the cleaner c_________ of the northern shore.
（四）综合应用
能够灵活运用所学的语言语法知识与文化知识分析和解决问题，完成阅读理解与段落划线部分翻译等任务。
1) 阅读理解侧重的是对文章的思想内容、篇章结构的分析与理解以及对语言的综合运用。
2）段落翻译侧重语言的综合运用，翻译时要求语言使用准确、语句通顺流畅、意义完整。本课重点学习内容例如：
（1）每年有上亿的游客被吸引到地中海度假，这个占世界旅游业贸易额三分之一的度假胜地最受人们的欢迎，但同时其遭受的污染也是最为严重的。
（2）地中海只占全球海洋面积的百分之一，但其表面却漂浮着覆盖全球洋面的半数以上的石油和柏油。成千上万的工厂把有毒物质倾倒进地中海，沿岸的几乎每个城镇和村庄都开闸向地中海排放未经处理的污水。
……
第3单元MY FRIEND, ALBERT EINSTEIN 一、学习目的与要求 To grasp:
1.the chief personalities of man;
2.Einstein‘s chief personalities: modesty, simplicity, etc; 3.description developed by examples. 二、课程内容：My Friend, Albert Einstein I. Key points for discussion:
1. In Hoffmann‘s opinion ―simplicity‖ is the best word to
describe the essence of Einstein‘s
character. The abstract notion of simplicity is explained by a phrase in the first paragraph.
Which is it?
2. From the two anecdotes related in paras.2-4, what impression of Einstein have you got?
3. What, according to the author, is Einstein‘s most outstanding trait as a scientist?
4. Why did Einstein insist on working hard when he was so badly shaken by his wife‘s death?
5. How do you interpret the sentence in para.11: ―To help him, I steered the discussion away
from routine matters into more difficult theoretical problems? 6. What revelation is made through Einstein‘s comment on Beethoven and Mozart‘s works?
II. Difficult sentences for paraphrasing
1. This knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major
scientific discoveries—this and his extraordinary feeling for beauty; (para.1)
2. The intensity and depth of his concentration were fantastic. When battling a recalcitrant
problem, he worried it as an animal worries its prey; (para.9) 3. A dreamy, faraway and yet inward look would come over his face. There was no
appearance of concentration, no furrowing of the brow—only a placid inner communion;
(para.10)
4. Each of these assumptions, by itself, was so plausible as to seem primitively obvious. But
together they were in such violent conflict that a lesser man would have dropped one or the other and fled in panic. (para.14)
三、考核知识点：
1.words and phrases of this unit; 2.the chief personalities of man;
3.Einstein‘s chief personalities: modesty, simplicity, etc; 4.description developed by examples. 四、考核要求 （一）识记
能够准确地用英语对本课的重点词汇、短语或短句进行解释与表述，例如：
1. knack: talent; 2. as to: as for;
3. plead with: continually request;
4. was in awe of: had a feeling of respect mixed with fear and wonder for;
5. approaching him: speaking to him (for the first time); 6. working on: conceiving; 7. inflection: tone;
8. awry: turned towards one side;
9. endearing request: request that inspires affection and love from others;
10. vestiges: visible traces;
11. infant prodigy: child with exceptional talents; 12. dullard: mentally dull or stupid person; 13. abreast of: side by side with; 14. masterwork: masterpiece; 15. worked out: produced;
16. worried it as an animal worries its prey: never gave it up as an animal chases and
bites its prey; 17. quaint: strange;
18. twirling a lock of: twisting and winding a lock of. ……
能够准确地对本课Language Work（练习册）中词汇或短语辨析部分进行判断与选择，例如：
1. I hope to obtain your forgiveness, to ______ your ill opinion. a. lessen b. reduce c. decrease d. diminish
2. The number of nations allied with Germany _____ as the war continued.
a. dropped b. decreased c. reduced d. diminished …… （二）领会
能够对本课难句进行转写，能分析不同句子型式间的内在关系，句子转写后其语义不变。例如：
1. If I had to convey the essence of Albert Einstein in a single word, I would choose simplicity.
可转写为：Simplicity would be the right choice if I had to convey the essence of Albert Einstein in a single word.
2. From that innocent question would arise, ten years later, his theory of relativity.
可转写为：That innocent question would be the cause of his theory of relativity ten years later.
……
（三）简单应用
能够运用所学的语法知识与语用知识分析问题，完成完形填空与改错等任务。完形填空任务例如：
Einstein f____ his entrance examinations at the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School, in Zurich, but was a_____ a year later. There he went beyond his regular w____ to study the masterwork of physics o___ his own. Rejected when he a___ for academic positions, he ultimately found work, in 1902, a ___ a patent examiner in Berne, and there in 1905 his genius b ____ into fabulous flower.
……
（四）综合应用
能够灵活运用所学的语言语法知识与文化知识分析和解决问题，完成阅读理解与段落翻译等任务。
1) 阅读理解侧重的是对文章的思想内容、篇章结构的分析与理解以及对语言的综合运用。
2）段落翻译侧重语言的综合运用，翻译时要求语言使用准确、语句通顺流畅、意义完整。本课重点学习内容例如：
（１）接二连三发生的政治事件使他已经失去平静的生活雪上加霜。纳粹在德国上台执政后，他的理论被官方宣布是错误的，仅因为这些理论是由一个犹太人所提出的。他的财产被充公，据说还有人出钱收买他的人头。
（２）当美国的科学家担心纳粹分子会研制出原子弹，试图提醒美国当局要提防潜在的危险时，当局却几乎不予理会。绝望之余，他们起草了一封信，让爱恩斯坦签名，然后直接寄给罗斯福总统。
……
第4单元THE INVISIBLE POOR 一、学习目的与要求 To grasp:
1.the organization of the text;
2.the use of transitional words and phrases. 二、课程内容：The Invisible Poor I. Key points for discussion:
1. How do you account for Harrington‘s use in para.2 of the first person singular, which is
not found anywhere else in the passage?
2. What, according to Harrington, has rendered poverty less visible in rural Amercia?
3. How has urban development contributed to the reduced awareness of the existence of the
poor?
4. What have mass-production and age to do with the invisibility of poverty?
5. How do you understand the statement ―the poor are politically invisible‖?
6. The passage is an extract from a book written in the early 1960‘s. Do you think things have
improved since then?
II. Difficult sentences for paraphrasing
1. Beauty and myths are perennial masks of poverty; (para.5) 2. This new segregation of poverty is compounded by a well-meaning ignorance. (para.10)
三、考核知识点：
1.words and phrases of this unit; 2.the organization of the text;
3.the use of transitional words and phrases. 四、考核要求： （一）识记
能够准确地用英语对本课的重点词汇、短语或短句进行解释与表述，例如：
1. the invisible poor: the ignored poor; 2. perennial reasons: long lasting; 3. beaten track: main high way; 4. turnpikes: motorways;
5. rutted roads: deep narrow tracked roads; 6. run-down: dilapidated; 7. exempt from: free from; 8. quaint inhabitants;
9. across the track: Across the tracks to the poor place; 10. hovel: dirty places to live in;
11. This process has been magnified with the poor throughout the country: The process of the existence of social classes becoming difficult to discern has been exaggerated considering the poor throughout the country;
12. stylishly: fashionably; 13. lurid: shocking;
14. dispossessed: the poor (who are deprived of possessions); 15. reservoir: extra supply. ……
能够准确地对本课Language Work（练习册）中词汇或短语辨析部分进行判断与选择，例如：
1. Although the main speaker was almost ______ we were quiet throughout the
ceremony. a. audible b. inaudible c. unaudible d. disaudible
2. I thought it was very rude of her to give such an ____ talk. a. modest
b. immodest c. unmodest d. modestless ……
（说明：此处的ｃ和ｄ选项是有意为之，不是错误，主要考学生对词汇否定的构成是否掌握）
（二）领会
能够对本课难句进行转写，能分析不同句子型式间的内在关系，句子转写后其语义不变。例如：
1. It is one of the cruelest ironies of social life in advanced countries that the dispossessed at the bottom of society are unable to speak for themselves.
可转写为：The dispossessed at the bottom of society are deprived of their right to speak for themselves, which is one of the cruelest ironies of social life.
2. It is not a matter of planning, though it almost seems as if the affluent society had given out costumes to the poor so that they would not offend the rest of society with the sight of rags.
可转写为：The affluent society almost seems to have given out costumes to the poor so that they would not offend the rest of society with the sight of rags, yet it is not a matter of planning.
……
（三）简单应用
能够运用所学的语法知识与语用知识分析问题，完成完形填空与改错等任务。完形填空任务例如：
In short, the very d____ of the American city has removed poverty f ____ the living, emotional e _____ of millions upon millions of middle-class Americans. Living in the
s ___, it is easy to assume that ours is, indeed, an affluent s ___.
……
（四）综合应用
能够灵活运用所学的语言语法知识与文化知识分析和解决问题，完成阅读理解与段落翻译等任务。
1) 阅读理解侧重的是对文章的思想内容、篇章结构的分析与理解以及对语言的综合运用。
2）段落翻译侧重语言的综合运用，翻译时要求语言使用准确、语句通顺流畅、意义完整。本课重点学习内容例如：
（1）穷人中的年轻人相对而言稍微比较引人注目，尽管他们的活动范围也同样局限于他们的住所附近。有时候，小报上会登载耸人听闻的帮派血斗消息，引起人们对他们贫穷状况的关注。
（2）穷人被社会所漠视是一个与他们有关的最重要的问题。他们不仅仅像过去那样，在那些华而不实的改革高潮中被忽视，被遗忘。更糟的是，他们已经从人们的视野中完全消失。……
第5单元TV AND THE AMERICAN FAMILY 一、学习目的与要求 To grasp:
1.the organization of the text;
2.periodical structure and loose structure. 二、课程内容：TV and the American Family I. The organization of the text:
Para.1 is devoted to the introduction of television into American society;
Paras.2 –6 are devoted to positive effects as claimed in the early years when TV was introduced into the average American family, such as wonderful improvement in the change of children‘s habits, a good means to bring the family together;
Paras.7-16 are devoted to negative effects as perceived today. Paras.7-10 are devoted to the fact that too much time is spent by children on TV-watching;
Paras.11 and 12 are devoted to a general lack of communication within peer groups;
Paras.13 and14 are devoted to a widening gap in the relations between children and their parents;
Paras.15 and 16 are devoted to traditional family concept being challenged and culture changed;
Para.17 is devoted to the conclusion, including
1.the impact on children: a drastic change in their life and personality; the process that
transforms children into people being hindered;
2.the impact on family and family life: ever-loosening families. II. Key points for discussion:
1. How the author starts his argument by the metaphorical expression used in the title;
2. How unusual the author views the negative effect as against general assumptions;
3. How the author paves the way from the beginning for his serious argument.
三、考核知识点：
1.words and phrases of this unit; 2.the organization of the text;
3.periodical structure and loose structure. 四、考核要求： （一）识记
能够准确地用英语对本课的重点词汇、短语或短句进行解释与表述，例如：
1. safe from repossession: free from being taken away by the creditor;
2. have sufficient perspective to: have sufficient room for making judgment;
3. myopia: shortsightedness;
4. wondrous influence: wonderful influence;
5. a steady refrain helped to soothe and reassure anxious parents: a regularly repeated claim of the less important role of TV helped to calm and comfort the anxious parents;
6. to ameliorate its effects: to improve the effects; 7. the advent: the coming; the arrival;
8. to assign to television the subsidiary role: to consider television as playing a minor role;
9. apologists: people who argue for the defense of a belief; 10.equivocal: doubtful; questionable; 11. skirmish: a small-scaled fight; 12. regimented: strictly organized; 13. anything amiss: anything improper;
14. on the spur of the moment: without preparation; 15. mediating: acting as a peace-maker;
16. who are effectively shunted away and rendered un-troublesome: who are kept away so as not to cause any trouble;
17. undemanding: leisurely; 18.accede to: approve of. ……
能够准确地对本课Language Work（练习册）中词汇或短语辨析部分进行判断与选择，例如：
1. My daughter was so _____ in the TV programme that she forgot to turn the microwave
oven off. a. distracted b. attracted c. enchanted d. engrossed
2. Tourists are _____to beware of pickpockets in the bus. a. commanded b. notified c. informed d. advised …… （二）领会
能够对本课难句进行转写，能分析不同句子型式间的内在关系，句子转写后其语义不变。例如：
1. But television does not merely influence the child; it deeply influences that 'pattern of influences' that is meant to ameliorate its effects..
可转写为：That 'pattern of influences' that is meant to ameliorate the effects on the child, is deeply influenced by television at the same time.
2. Therefore it is improper to assign to television the subsidiary role its many apologists insist it plays.
可转写为：According to its many apologists, television plays only the subsidiary role in influencing children, which is an improper opinion.
……
（三）简单应用
能够运用所学的语法知识与语用知识分析问题，完成完形填空与改错等任务。完形填空任务例如：
But television does not m_____ influence the child; it deeply influences that \"pattern of influences\" that is m_____ to ameliorate its effects. Home and family life h____ changed in important ways since the advent of television. The peer group has become television-oriented, arid much of the time c_____ spend together is occupied by television viewing. Culture
generally has been t_____ by television. Therefore it is improper to assign to television the s_____ role its many apologists(too often members of the television industry) i____ it plays. Television is not merely one of a number of i____ influences upon today's child. Through the changes it has made in
family life, television e_____ as the important influence in children's lives today.
……
（四）综合应用
能够运用所学的语法知识与语用知识分析问题，完成阅读理解与段落翻译等任务。
1) 阅读理解侧重的是对文章的思想内容、篇章结构的分析与理解以及对语言的综合运用。
2）段落翻译侧重语言的综合运用，翻译时要求语言使用准确、语句通顺流畅、意义完整。本课重点学习内容例如：
(1)自从电视进入美国时候四分之一世纪以来，这个传播媒介已深深地根植于美国人的生活。至少在一个州，电视已经取得了受法律保护的生活必需品的地位，和衣服、厨具之类的物品一样，不纳入债务赔偿的范畴。看电视已经成为日常生活不可缺少的普通组成部分。只有在电视出现的最初几年里，作家评论家才理直气壮地认为看电视的行为与电视向观众提供的节目内容（在影响家庭生活方面）没有必然的联系。那时候，作家们经常就电视对家庭生活的影响发表高论。遗憾的是，这些早期观察家们却鼠目寸光：几乎无一例外地认为电视对家庭起着令人欣喜的、有益的、确实神奇的影响。
(2) 电视经过若干年的发展，随着孩子们花费在这种新媒介的时间不断增加，家长们也越来越关心观看如此之多的电视可能会产生的影响。但是有一种认为电视的影响并非威力无比的论调反复重弹，却减轻了家长的忧虑。在一项早期的，颇有影响力的关于电视对孩子的影响的研究中，作者们这样写道：“电视每时每刻都进入一种早已存在的影响模式，其中包括家庭、同伴、学校、教堂以及整个文化。”换
句话说，如果孩子们的家庭生活是正常的，家长就不必为看电视所产生的影响而担心。
……
第6单元PREPARING FOR COLLEGE 一、学习目的与要求 To grasp:
1.the organization of the text; 2.narration and argument.
二、课程内容：Preparing for College I. Key points for discussion:
1. From Steffens‘s description of ―the elect‖in para. 2, what has been revealed about himself?
2. Where can you find Steffens‘s critical comments on the school education he received? Was it at least in part responsible for his failure to get into university?
3. What is the antecedent of the pronoun ―it‖in the first sentence of para. 6? Apart from referring to its antecedent, what cohesive function does it perform?
4. How does the man Evelyn Nixon impress you? Support your answer with information from the text.
5. Despite their similar background, the Englishmen who met at the Saturday night gatherings had ―no common opinion on anything apparently‖ (para. 13). By which sentence in the same paragraph is this fact restated?
6. Why does Steffens say that those wonderful Saturday nights in San Francisco were his preparations for college?
II. Difficult sentences for paraphrasing
1. When I knocked at his college gates, I was prepared for a college education in some braches; my mind was hungry enough for the answers to some profound questions to have made me
work and develop myself, especially on lines which I know now had no ready answers, only more and even more questions; (para.4)
2. When he read or recited Greek verse the Greeks came to life; romance and language sang songs to me, and I was inspired to be like him, not a hero nor even a poet, but a Greek scholar, and thus an instrument on which beautiful words might play; (para.6)
3. ―Go to, boy. The world is yours. Nothing is done, nothing is known. The greatest poem isn‘t written, the best railroad isn‘t built yet, the perfect state hasn‘t been thought of. Everything remains to be done---right, everything.‖ (para.12)
三、考核知识点：
1.words and phrases of this unit; 2.the organization of the text; 3.narration and argument. 四、考核要求： （一）识记
能够准确地用英语对本课的重点词汇、短语或短句进行解释与表述，例如：
1. for the most part: mostly;
2. Their own driving motives: What drove them to work hard; 3. dazed: so surprised as to be unable to think and feel; 4. foreign: strange; 5. to this day: even now; 6. appeal: attract;
7. barest rudiments: the simplest basic parts;
8. metaphysics: the study of the nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, fact and value;
9. be crammed for: be prepared by stuffing knowledge hastily;
10. lived over: went over pleasantly; 11. personify with: express;
12. Don't work up any more brawn: Don't develop any more human muscle;
13. cram up: learn hastily; 14. underline: draw a line under;
15. add ours to whip, to lash you on: add our questions to push you on;
16. balked: unwilling to do something difficult; 17. a maddening lot of: an annoying lot of. ……
能够准确地对本课Language Work（练习册）中词汇或短语辨析部分进行判断与选择，例如：
1. The original building was erected in 1710 but this structure has been largely transformed and _____.
a. increased b. extended c. augmented d. stretched
2. Accuracy is ____ to the programming of computers. a. elemental b. elementary c. fundamental d. foundational …… （二）领会
能够对本课难句进行转写，能分析不同句子型式间的内在关系，句子转写后其语义不变。例如：
1. I wrote verses, but only to learn the technique and so feel poetry more perfectly.
可转写为：By writing verses, I only learned the technique which made me feel poetry more perfectly.
2. What they knew was amazing to me,
and how they knew it, but what they did not know struck me harder still.
可转写为：My interest in what they didn‘t know was aroused more greatly than in what they knew and how they knew it.
……
（三）简单应用
能够运用所学的语法知识与语用知识分析问题，完成完形填空与改错等任务。完形填空任务例如：
My father discovered and put me into the best p____ school in San Francisco as a special
s ____ to be crammed for Berkeley –and he retained one of the t ___ there, Mr. Evelyn Nixon, to tutor me on the side. Characteristically, too, my father gave me l____: a room to sleep and work in, with no one to watch over and care for me. I could go and come as p___. And I came and went. I went exploring and dreaming alone a _____ that city as I had the country
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