燃烧热计算公式
已知:Qv苯甲酸=—26581 J/g,Q点火丝=—1400 J/g,
M苯甲酸=122.12g/mol, M萘=128.11g/mol
—m—m
苯甲酸
·Qv苯甲酸—m点火丝·Q点火丝=(m水C水+C计)·⊿T苯甲酸 ·Qv苯甲酸—m点火丝·Q点火丝= C总·⊿T苯甲酸
0.9945g 萘
0.004g 点火丝 2.033K T萘
1.1213g 0.0048g 3.56K
苯甲酸
苯甲酸 点火丝 T苯甲酸
(3)计算
①通过标准样品苯甲酸的数据求总的热容C总(J/K)
—m
苯甲酸
·Qv苯甲酸—m点火丝·Q点火丝 = C总·⊿T苯甲酸
总
—0.9945g × (—26581J/g) — 0.004g × (—1400J/g) = C×2.033K
C总=
-0.9945g (-26581J/g)-0.004g (-1400J/g)
2.303K26440.4045J=
2.303K=11480.85J/K
②通过总的热容C总(J/K)求萘的恒容燃烧热Qv萘
—m
萘
·Qv萘—m点火丝·Q点火丝 = C总·⊿T萘
—1.1213g ×Qv萘 — 0.0048g × (—1400J/g) = 11480.85J/K × 3.56K —1.1213g ×Qv萘+6.72J = 40871.83J
Qv萘 =
40871.83J-6.72J
1.1213g= —36444.40J/g J/g × g/mol = J/mol
= —36444.40J/g× 128.11g/mol = —4668.89 KJ/mol
③求萘的恒压燃烧热
C10H812O2(g)10CO2(g)4H2O(g)
n= 2
QP = QV + nRT
= 4668.89 KJ/mol + (2)8.314J/mol/K298K/1000 = 4673.85kJmol1
④误差估算
QP467451549.3% QP5154
(4)另一种计算方式。所有燃烧热的值都取正值! ①通过标准样品苯甲酸的数据求总的热容C总(J/K)
m苯甲酸·Qv苯甲酸 + m点火丝·Q点火丝 = C总·⊿T苯甲酸 0.9945g × 26581J/g + 0.004g × 1400J/g = C总×2.033K C总=
0.9945g 26581J/g0.004g 1400J/g
2.303K26440.4045J=
2.303K=11480.85J/K
②通过总的热容C总(J/K)求萘的恒容燃烧热Qv萘
m萘·Qv萘 + m点火丝·Q点火丝 = C总·⊿T萘
1.1213g ×Qv萘+ 0.0048g × 1400J/g = 11480.85J/K × 3.56K 1.1213g ×Qv萘+6.72J = 40871.83J Qv萘 =
40871.83J-6.72J
1.1213g= 36444.40J/g J/g × g/mol = J/mol
= 36444.40J/g× 128.11g/mol = 4668.89 KJ/mol
③求萘的恒压燃烧热
C10H812O2(g)10CO2(g)4H2O(g)
n= 2
QP = QV + nRT
= 4668.89 KJ/mol + 28.314 J/mol/K 298K/1000 = 4673.85kJmol1 ④误差估算
QP467451549.3% QP5154
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