2012届高考英语专题经典复习考试说明最新词汇常考点归总（五）
考点1. seat , sit.
⑴sit是不及物动词，而 seat是及物动词，使用seat时要用be seated或seat oneself两种形式.
如：“玛丽坐在书桌旁.”这句话可译为： Mary sat at the desk. / Mary was seated at the desk. / Mary seated herself at the desk. /而不能译为：Mary seated at the desk. ⑵sit只能用作动词，而seat除用作动词外，还可用作名词，意思是“座位”. 如： “Here’s a seat for you. 要表达“请坐”. 可以说： Have a (the)seat/ take a (the) seat意思相当于sit down. Take this seat. 请坐这儿.
⑶set 表示“使坐于坐的姿势”. 如：He set the child on his knee. 他让孩子坐在膝上. 1. When the speaker found all the guests ,he began his speech. A. seated B. taken their seats C. sitting down D. seating 2. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain as the plane was making a landing.
A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 1-2解：AC.
考点2. so 与such. so : ①so + adj（adv）；②so + adj + （an）+ n单数；③so + many / few+n复数或so+much/little+不可数n.
such: ①such+adj+n复数/不可数；②such+a（n）+adj +n单数.
如：She’s such a clever girl that everyone love her. [So+adj+that+结果状语状句= such+a（n）+adj（adv）+n+that+结果状语从句]
1. There were many people to do it ;so you needn’t worry about it. A. so B. such C. these D. the 解：B.
考点3. be known as, be known by, be known for, be known to. ①be known as意为作为„„知名，后接“身份”名词.
如：She was well known as an excellent dancer . 大家公认她是一位优秀的舞蹈家. ②be known by意为“凭„„而知”，by 表示手段或标准，作“通过”，“按照”讲. 如：A tree is known by its fruit. 从它结的果就知道它是什么树. ③be known for意为“因„„而出名（著称），因„„而众所周知”，for 表示原因. 如：West Lake is known for its beautiful scenery. 西湖以风景优美而闻名.
④be known to意为“为„„所知，„„所熟知”.介词to 后的名词或代词表示为“谁”所知，不能用by.
如：He’s known to the police as a criminal. 他是警察所熟知的罪犯.
[注意]“众所周知”的句型是It is known that „； “我们都知道”的句型是It is known to us（all）that „
如：It is known that the earth goes round the sun.
1. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known 解：B. known相当于（who was）known. 考点4. allow.
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事.= allow doing但不能allow to do sth.
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1. You shouldn’t allow games near the classroom for it’s too noisy. A. student playing B. to play C. students to play D. to playing 解：C.
考点5. stand. stand for赞成；stand by支持；stand against反对；stand up起立；stand by旁观，stand by sb.支持某人.
1. They will you even though you don’t succeed.
A. stand for B. stand up C. stand against D. stand by 2. When the house was on fire，they just .
A. stood in B. stood up C. stood for D. stood by
3. A space voyage requires that all equipment should extreme heat and powerful radiation.
A. stand up to B. stand by C. stand up for D. stand for 1-3解：DDA.
考点6. be up to胜任.
1. – Do you know what the children are ?
- Sorry , I don’t know , but if you like, you can it.
A. up for, see with B. up to, see to C. up at, see off D. up with, see to 解：B.
考点7. lay the foundation of表示“奠定„的基础”.
1. The two leaders have the foundations of a new era in cooperation between their countries.
A. laid B. lied C. lain D. set 解：A.
考点8. wait for（等候，等待）；wait on （伺候，接待）.
1. She entered the big shop and looked around for a salesman .
A. to wait for her B. waiting for her C. to wait on her D. waiting on her
解：C 词语辨析与不定式问题.思路：①辨析：wait for（等候，等待）；wait on （伺候；接待），后者符合题意，②根据题意，“她环顾四周”的目的是想“找一个售货员来接待她”，因而须用一个不定式来作目的状语.
考点9. pretend接不定式进行时表示假装在做„
1. The boy pretended when his mother entered.
A. reading B. to read C. to be reading D. being read 解：选C. pretend接不定式进行时表示假装在做„，pretend只能接不定式. 考点10. cheat.
1. The young man has cheated the old lady
A. 300 yuan B. at 300 yuan C. for 300 yuan D. of 300 yuan
解：D 动词搭配问题.说明：cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗取某人的某物. 有类似搭配的还有：rob sb. of sth.抢夺某人的某物. 如：The war robbed him of his wife and children. （战争夺去了他的妻子儿女）
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