构词法之二派生法

① 否定前缀

Un+形容词 如：

Unhappy 不高兴的 unlucky不走运的 unimportant 不重要的 unusual 不同寻常的 unknown 未知的unfair 不公平的

un+副词 如：unusually 不同寻常地unhappily 不高兴地

un+动词 如：uncover 揭开untie 解开unlock 开锁undress 脱下衣服

im-/in+形容词 如：impossible 不可能的impolite 不礼貌的 incorrect 不正确的

incredible 难以置信的

mis-+动词 如：misunderstand 误解misspell 误拼

dis-+动词 如：dislike 不喜欢discover 发现 disagree 不同意 disappear 消失 ② 非否定前缀

en-+形容词或名词 如：enable 使能够enlarge 使扩大 enrich 使变富

encourage 使鼓足勇气 re-+动词 如：retell 复述 rebuild 重建 后缀

① 名词后缀

A． 构成表示人的名词的后缀

Traveller hunter reader worker keeper driver Villager prisoner farmer lawyer Foreigner stranger

Actor director inentor operator conductor visitor 名词或动词+-ess表示女性 Actress waitress

Mathematician politician musician Chinese Japanese Portuguese

名词+-an表示人

American Australian Canadian Indian Italian Russian 名词+-ese表示人 名词+-ian表示人

动词+-or表示人 形容词+-er表示人 名词+-er表示人或物 动词+-er表示人 artist communist novelist physicist naturalist scientist B.构成抽象名词与集体名词的后缀

movement government judgement agreement announcement operation action invention pollution decision pronunciation Friendship leadership hardship ②形容词后缀

Natural musicl spiritual electric plastic medical wooden woolen earthen golden eastern western northern southern sloudy sunny rainy lucky funny sleepy noisy dusty healthy salty snowy windy dangerous famous serious ③副词后缀

quietly sadly fairly suddenly lately wholly probably suddenly certainly busily carefully fully finally possibly curiously finally easily ④动词后缀

deepen widen weaken redden darken brighten ⑤数词后缀

Thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen eighteen twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy fourth fifth sixth eighty ninth seventh

基数词+-teen/-ty/ -th 形容词或名词+-en 形容词+-ly 名词+-al/-ial/-ual/-ic/-ical/-en/-ern/-y/-ous/-ious 名词或形容词+-ship 动词+-ment/-ion/-sion/-stion/cation 名词（或al结尾的形容词）+-ist表示人