大学英语四级模拟试卷151 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 6. Error Correction 8. Translation
Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Online Education. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1．目前网络教育形成热潮2．我认为形成这股热潮的原因是……3．我对网络教育的评价
正确答案： Online Education Being online is no longer something strange in our life. To some degree, it has become part of our daily life. We can do a lot of things online, such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near. But recently another helpful online activity has become very “in”. That is online education. Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time? Among all the reasons, the quick development of the internet should be the essential one, which makes our dreams of attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today, modern science and technology are developing at lightening speed. To catch up with the development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. However, due to the great pace of modem society, many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid. Personally, I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a helpful complement to the traditional education system. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning Most of all, with online education, we can absorb the latest knowledge while working.
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.
Will We Run Out of Water? Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages. Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea (咸海) in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate
(provide water for) farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding (使搁浅) ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species offish. Similar largecale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century. “Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one-third of the world’s projected (预测的) 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.WHERE WATER GOES Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers (冰山) and ice caps (冰盖). In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation (rain or snow). Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live, In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior(苏必利尔湖). And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic (水的) environment.”CLOSE TO HOME Water woes(灾难) may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers (地下蓄水层), layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.) Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish(补充) it. In northwest Texas, for example, overpumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel. Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell iii in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium (隐孢子虫), a microbe (微生物) that causes fever, diarrhea (腹泻) and vomiting.THE SOURCE Where so contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw (未经处理的) sewage(污水) into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne (饮水传染的) diseases. In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of
products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (多氯化联二苯), or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.) But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners (稀释剂) down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste. Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but insects but that pollutes water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen—rich fertilizer that helps plants grow but that can wreak havoc (大破坏) on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas, Too many nitrates “over-enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of tile water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.WHAT’S THE SOLUTION? Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building smallscale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than I billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”
2． That the huge water projects have diverted the rivers causes the Aral Sea to shrink.
A．Y B．N C．NG
正确答案：A
解析：解题依据为本文第二段倒数第二句话
3． The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects does more good than harm.
A．Y B．N C．NG
正确答案：B
解析：解题依据为本文第三段第二句话
4． The chief causes of water shortage are population growth and water pollution.
A．Y
B．N C．NG
正确答案：A
解析：本题解题依据可定位到本文第四段第一句话及第十一段第一句话
5． The problems Americans face concerning water are ground water shrinkage and tap water pollution
A．Y B．N C．NG
正确答案：A
解析：本题解题依据为第七段第二句话和第八段第三句话
6． According to the passage all water pollutants come from household waste. A．Y B．N C．NG
正确答案：B
解析：本题解题依据为第十一段最后一句话 7． The people living in the United States will not be faced with water shortages. A．Y B．N C．NG
正确答案：B
解析：该题解题依据为文章第七段第二句话
8． Water expert Gleick has come up with the best solution to water-related problems.
A．Y B．N C．NG
正确答案：C
解析：根据本文第十三段第一句话所述，专家Gleick并未提供任何最佳解决方案
9． According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as ______ of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.
正确答案：one-third
解析：解题依据为第四段最后一句话
10． Two-thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in ______.
正确答案：glaciers and ice caps
解析：解题依据为第五段第二句话
11． In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be trea- ted in order to avoid ______.
正确答案：water pollution
解析：解题依据为第十段第二句话
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
听力原文：M: Then why did you apply for this job?W: That’s because of the commute. It takes me about two hours to get to work. Your {inn is within walking distance.Q: Why does the woman want to change jobs?
12．
A．She doesn’t have a car.
B．She likes the new working environment. C．She doesn’t like the company she works for. D．She wants to save on traveling time.
正确答案：D
听力原文：M: Look, I’m sorry to bother you about this, but the music is really loud.W: I didn’t realize you could hear it.Q: What will the woman probably do?
13．
A．Turn up the volume.
B．Play the music more softly. C．Stop talking so much. D．Play different music.
正确答案：B
听力原文：M: What do you think of this suit for tonight?W: Well, the invitation
said to dress informally.Q: What does [he woman think of the man’s suit?
14．
A．It is appropriate. B．It is normal.
C．It is too informal. D．It is too formal.
正确答案：D
听力原文：M: Rose’s new husband doesn’t look like an artist to me.W: You can’t judge a book by its cover.Q: What is the woman trying to tell the man?
15．
A．That Rose’s new husband is a writer.
B．That the man shouldn’t believe everything he read. C．That appearances are often deceiving.
D．That she likes Rose’s husband’s new book.
正确答案：C
听力原文：M: How did you find your job? Was it advertised in the paper?W: I looked for months without finding anything. Than a friend mid me about this job, so I applied, and got it.Q: How did the woman learn about the job opportunity?
16．
A．She saw an ad in the newspaper. B．She learned about it from a friend.
C．She heard about it during a television interview. D．She saw it on a list of job openings.
正确答案：B
听力原文：M: Weren’t there supposed la be about 40 people enrolled in the course?W: Yes, but it’s so difficult that five students have dropped out.Q: How many people are enrolled in the course?
17． A．35. B．36. C．34. D．40.
正确答案：A
听力原文：W: What’s in the headlines today?M: It says here that one war is ending in the Middle East and that another one is beginning in A/rim.Q: What is the man doing?
18．
A．Watching television. B．Reading a newspaper. C．Listening to the radio. D．Reading a magazine.
正确答案：B
听力原文：M: It’s amazing that Andrew has made so much improvement on his English.W: You’re right, I can hardly hear an accent.Q: What does the woman mean?
19．
A．She had an accident.
B．She wants to go to a foreign country to learn the language. C．Andrew is a native English speaker. D．Andrew speaks English quite well.
正确答案：D
听力原文：W: I’ve just read a curious fact. Did you know that people who spend less than 10 minutes in a drug store are five times more likely to make a purchase than those who spend half an hour there?M: I saw that article, too. But think, if someone runs into a drug store for 10 minutes, he is usually there to make a specific purchase.W: And someone who spends more time there may be just looking?M: Exactly. Haven’t you ever gone into a store thinking that you’ll buy something and then talk yourself out of it?W: Yes, I have. Especially when I thought I could get it for less elsewhere, or I really didn’t need it after all.M: Exactly, but, if you run in to buy something specific and have very little time, you pick it up, pay for it immediately, and then leave.W: That’s true. Maybe we should learn a lesson from that. Take your time end you’ll spend less money.M: I doubt if that would be true in all stores though. In a department store, for instance, you may see a sweater or some thing you never intend to buy, and buy it because you have time to look around.
20．
A．A druggist’s suggestion. B．An advertisement. C．An article.
D．A salesclerk’s comment.
正确答案：C
21．
A．The relationship of purchases made to time spent shopping. B．The length of time required for drugstore shopping. C．The increases in the size and stock for drugstore.
D．The buying of clothing from department stores.
正确答案：A
22．
A．People enjoy shopping in them. B．People spend little time in them.
C．People are more likely to buy something in them if time is limited.
D．People spend too much time reading articles about quick cures sold in drugstore.
正确答案：C
听力原文：Some people do not like anything to be out of place; they are never late for work; they return their books to the library on time; they remember people’s birthdays; mad they pay their bills as soon as they arrive. Mr. Dodds is such a person.Mr. Dodds works in a bank, and lives by himself. The only family he has is in the next town: his sister lives there with her husband, and her son, Mark. Mr. Dodds does not see his sister, or her family, from one year to the next, but he sends them Christmas cards, and he has not forgotten one of Mark’s seventeen birthdays.Last week Mr. Dodds had quite a surprise. He drove home from his office at the usual time, driving neither too slow nor too fast; he parked his car where he always perked it, out of the way of other cars, and he went inside to make his evening meal. Straight away, there was a knock at the door. Mr. Dodds opened the door, to find a policeman standing on the door step.”What have I done wrong?” Mr. Dodds asked himself. “Have I driven on the wrong side of the road? Has there been some trouble at the office? Have I forgotten to pay an important bill?”“Hello, Uncle.” said the policeman. “My name’s Mark.”
23．
A．In a travel agency. B．In a lawyer’s office. C．In a post office. D．In a bank.
正确答案：D
24．
A．He sends Christmas cards to his sister’s family. B．He visits his sister.
C．He invites his sister’ s family to his house. D．He brings birthday presents to Mark.
正确答案：A
25．
A．He had forgotten to pay an important bill. B．He had made a mistake in his work.
C．The policeman came to inquire into a traffic accident. D．The policeman came to pay a visit to his uncle.
正确答案：D
听力原文：Mary did not like getting up early in the morning. If her sister did not wake her, she would be late often for her classes. One day a lecture was going to be given by a famous artist at nine o’clock. Her sister and brother-in-law were away. She set her alarm for half past seven. This should give her plenty of time to get ready and arrive early enough for a good seat. She was determined to be there in time. She would never forgive herself for missing the lecture. She had been admiring the artist’s work since she was a child.The next morning, she slept through the alarm and woke up at half past eight. She was not used to rushing and everything went wrong. At last, she was ready, and rushed out to catch a bus. She jumped on the first one. She looked at her watch, but it was not there. She must have forgotten to put it on in her rush. When she arrived at the university, she hurried to the lecture hall. She was astonished to find that the doors were locked. She looked round to find someone, and saw a dock which said half past seven, “I can’t understand it!” she cried out. “Nobody’s here and the dock is slow!” Then she suddenly remembered. Her alarm clock had stopped the day before and she must have forgotten to reset the hands. “This is the first time I’ll hear the beginning of a lecture,” she said to herself, laughing.
26．
A．Because the speaker was an artist.
B．Because she was always a hard-working student. C．Because the artist’s paintings appeal to her so much. D．Because the subject was an important one.
正确答案：C
27． A．7:30. B．9: 00. C．8:30. D．9:30.
正确答案：A
听力原文：M: I’ve been reading about a new healthful fast food. It’s made from fish. Have yon heard anything about it?W: No, I haven’t. But I don’t like fish very much anyway.M: Not to worry. Although it is made primarily from fish, it actually
doesn’t have a fishy taste. In fact, it can be flavored with tomato, cheese, or chocolate, for instance.W: How could it not taste fishy? Do you know how this fast food is made?M: First, the fish is minced to pieces, and cooked. Then, water, flour and flavor are added to make it into cakes.W: It sounds awful. But I suppose this product will at least be good for one’s health.M: Yes, it is. And it has a long shelf life, so it won’t spoil quickly. It is also easy to digest.W: Hm, have you got any samples? I might be willing to try the cheese-flavored variety.M: No, none of these seem to be available yet. As I understand it, this fish fast food probably won’t be in the store for another couple of years. So you have a while to get used to the whole idea.W: Er, a couple of years, ha? It may just take me that long, but thanks for telling me about it.
28．
A．Food packaging. B．A new fast food. C．Varieties of fish. D．An artificial flavor.
正确答案：B
29．
A．Fast food. B．Tomato flavor. C．The taste of fish. D．The smell of cheese.
正确答案：C
30．
A．Its low purchase price. B．It’s nutritious value. C．Its wide availability. D．Its higher water content.
正确答案：B
31．
A．In a few weeks. B．In about two years. C．In two or three months. D．In half a year.
正确答案：B
Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will
be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文：There have been many great inventions, things that changed the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very important today — the wheel. This is used in cars, trucks, and tractors, etc., and has made it easier to carry heavy things and travel long distances.For hundreds of years after that there were few inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800’s the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore much anymore. They began to work instead to make life better.In the second half of the 19th century, many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today.The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions: the helicopter in 1909, movies with sound in 1926, the computer in 1928, and the jet plane in 1930. This was also a time when a new kind of material was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear.The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over diseases. They worked very well. They made people healthier and let them live longer. By the 1960’s most people could expect to live to be at least 60.
32．
A．The tractor. B．The car. C．The wheel.
D．The steam engine.
正确答案：C
33．
A．People continued to explore new lands. B．People staked to make life better. C．People stopped making inventions. D．People started to explore more land.
正确答案：B
34．
A．The jet plane. B．The radio.
C．Movies with sound. D．The computer.
正确答案：D
35．
A．Progress in medicine. B．Progress in computers. C．Progress in new materials. D．Progress in helicopters.
正确答案：A
36．
A．The local advertisements. B．The Sunday newspaper. C．The Information Agency. D．The radio and TV stations.
正确答案：B
37．
A．When they are on holidays. B．on Saturday night. C．On Sunday mornings,
D．As soon as they have information.
正确答案：C
听力原文：There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, me being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual — the sort of environment in which he is.The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, end their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities.Mark, on the other hand, was raised in the home of rich parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to a good school, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Peter’s score was 85, well below the level he might have attained if reared under average conditions. Mark’ s score was 125, twenty-five points above the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins would have tested at roughly the same level.
38．
A．Children reared under average conditions possess average intelligence. B．Lack of opportunity prevents the growth of intelligence.
C．An individual’s intelligence is determined chiefly by his environment. D．Changes of environment produce changes in the brain structure.
正确答案：D
39． A．85. B．100. C．40. D．125.
正确答案：B
40．
A．To test the role of environment in the development of intelligence. B．Because their parents were too poor to support them. C．Because their parents passed away.
D．To find out how well twins grow in separate homes.
正确答案：C
41．
A．Brain structure and opportunity. B．Brain and intelligence. C．Birth and education. D．Birth and environment.
正确答案：D
Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the
You should not fear spiders because of their poison. Of all the spiders in North America, only one kind is very【B1】______ and most would not bite even if they were【B2】______ . They much prefer to run away or to drop to the ground on a【B3】______ of silk. Even so, when a spider runs directly toward a person, it gives the【B4】______ that it is about to attack. Actually, it cannot see the person in its way. The spider is too【B5】______ to see things at a distance. It only wants to go where it
wouldn’t be【B6】______ . In the United States only one kind of spider is responsible for the frightening【B7】______ of the rest. It is the Black Widow (黑寡妇), So called because the female, which is larger than the male, often eats her【B8】______ after making love. 【B9】______ . She constructs a loose, irregular web under a pile of rowans or near the foundations of buildings where she is seldom disturbed. She is not an attacking spider and many people have proven this by letting her crawl over their hands.【B10】______ . In spite of the stories you may have heard, it is rare for a person to be bitten by a Black Widow and even more unusual for the bite to prove fatal.【B11】______ .
42． 【B1】
正确答案：dangerous
43． 【B2】
正确答案：handled
44． 【B3】
正确答案：thread
45． 【B4】
正确答案：impression
46． 【B5】
正确答案：short-sighted
47． 【B6】
正确答案：disturbed
48． 【B7】
正确答案：reputation
49． 【B8】
正确答案：husband
50． 【B9】
正确答案：The Black Widow is found in all states but is more common in the south and the west.
51． 【B10】
正确答案：When she bites, it is usually in self-defense.
52． 【B11】
正确答案：But remember that her poison is powerful end even though she is shy, she should be respected.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Blue is the world’s favorite color. It is also the color most often【S1】______ with intellect and authority. Most uniforms are blue. In Greek and Roman mythology, blue is the color of sky gods. In the Old Testament, God is【S2】______ by deep blue. Blue and turquoise (青绿色) are represented by the Islamic religion. It is the【S3】______ color in the mosques of the world. Blue symbolizes truth, peace and cooperation. It is the color of the flag of the United Nations and of Europe. As the coolest color of the spectrum, it is the hue most likely to have a receding effect. As in the skies and water that【S4】______ us, blue is seen as a peaceful and【S5】______ color. Blue light has seen to【S6】______ blood pressure by calming the nervous system hence relaxing the body and mind. Blue creates large airy spaces. It makes rooms bigger. The wrong shade of blue can be uncomfortable. It can also be cold and sterile(枯燥的) unless【S7】______ with warmer colors. Light and soft blue makes us feel quiet and protected from the bustle (喧闹) and【S8】______ of the day. Blue bedrooms are restful. Blue bath rooms are appropriately watery. Blue【S9】______ depth with greens and reds. Dark blue represents the night making us calm. Its apparently calming effect makes it the perfect tone for the quieter【S10】______ of your living space.A represented B engage C refreshing D
surround E curved F dominant G lowerH balancedI activity J zones K foolish L lineM acquires N associated O rash
53． 【S1】
正确答案：N
解析：填入该空格的应为非谓语动词或形容词，选项中和with搭配的非谓语动词有associated和balanced，结合句意“它(蓝色)也是一种最常与智慧和权威相______的颜色”，可知N最符合文意
54． 【S2】
正确答案：A
解析：由下句Blue and turquoise are represented by the Islamic religion，并结合空格所在句的结构，可知A符合文意
55． 【S3】
正确答案：F
解析：由上文提到的“蓝色和青绿色代表了伊斯兰宗教”，可知蓝色应该是清真世界中主要的颜色，故F符合文意
56． 【S4】
正确答案：D
解析：分析句子结构，该处应填入动词，再结合常识，可知蓝天和水包围着人类，故D符合文意
57． 【S5】
正确答案：C
解析：分析句子结构，该处应填入一个形容词，选项中能和peaceful在意义和风格上并列的只有C，refreshing意为“使人心旷神怡的”
58． 【S6】
正确答案：G 解析：既然下文说蓝光能使人的神经系统平静下来，那么结合常识可知人的血压也会相应降低，故G符合文意
59． 【S7】
正确答案：H 解析：由上文可知调配不当的深蓝色也会令人不舒服，只有和其他暖色平衡，才不会显得冷且枯燥，选项中H最符合文意
60． 【S8】
正确答案：I
解析：该空应填入一个名词，由句意“轻柔的蓝色能使我们感觉宁静，能远离一天的忙碌和______”来看选项，I(活动)最符合文意
61． 【S9】
正确答案：M 解析：该空应填入第三人称单数的动词，选项中只有M符合，该句意为“添加绿色和红色能提高蓝色浓度”
62． 【S10】
正确答案：J
解析：该空应填入一个名词，空格之前提到了蓝色的卧室和蓝色的浴室，空格后又出现了of your living space，所以空格处要填一表空间的词，这一quieter空间将是living space的一部分，J最符合文意
Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Methods of training animals have changed greatly in recent years. Zoo keepers have always had problems getting the animals to leave their cages in order for the cages to be cleaned, and also training them to move indoors when appropriate. Another problem was that many of the large animals became listless and bored. In the last twenty years, scientists have done research on dolphins and whales, training them to obey commands. The scientists found they could get animals to obey by rewarding them with food and affection when they responded correctly. Proper training allows the animals to receive the care they need. It was very difficult to get untrained animals, especially the larger ones, to stay still when they needed medical attention. Now they can be trained, on command, to remain still and even to allow blood samples to be taken and shots administered. All this is accomplished through positive reinforcement, without the use of any force. Affection training, as this process is called, has been used with great success on a wide variety of zoo animals. Animal. behavior experts have taught zoo keepers to train bears, tigers, monkeys, and many other species to behave in a way that provides for better animal-keeper interaction. This training also keeps the animals from becoming bored and inactive. Although some people proclaim (谴责) that this training is inhumane and cruel to animals, results have shown that captive(猎获的) animals who previously were not doing well nourish under the new training procedures.
63． The word “listless” means ______.
A．countless B．obedient C．inactive D．mysterious
正确答案：C 解析：本题测试根据上下文推断词义的能力；在第一段第3句中谈到另一个问题是许多大动物为listless and bored；在第二段的最后一句谈到这种训练还避免了动物变得bored and inactive；由此，可推断出本题答案应是inactive
64． Which of the following is valid conclusion based on this passage? A．It is safe to pet any animal.
B．Many animals respond favorably to rewards and affection. C．Animals should not be kept in zoos. D．Animals in the wild can be trained.
正确答案：B
解析：文章的主题是讲用情感和奖励法训练动物，而基本上没有涉及到A)，C)，D)所指的内容
65． The writer’s purpose is to ______.
A．persuade people not to feed animals in the zoo B．show how easy it is to train animals
C．explain a method of training animals through rewards D．criticize zoo keepers
正确答案：C 解析：作者在第一段中讲述驯养动物的方法有了巨大变革，接着解释情感驯养动物的方法如何使动物园的动物受益；由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是阐述用奖励训练动物的方法
66． According to this passage, one of the problems zoo keepers faced was ______.
A．getting large animals to accept medical treatment B．arranging an audience for animal shows C．capturing large animals for zoos D．feeding the animals
正确答案：A 解析：文章谈到了动物园的驯养员面临着好几个问题，而在供选的四个项目中只有A)与题干相吻合；见第二段第2句
67． Which of the following is an opinion?
A．Zoo keepers had problems in getting animals to leave their cages.
B．Training is cruel to animals.
C．Animals obey commands if they are trained to do so.
D．Many animals can be trained, on commands, to remain still.
正确答案：B
解析：本题干中opinion意为“主意，观点，看法”；A)，C)，D)三项都是文中所叙述的事实，而不是观点或看法；只有B)项(驯养动物是残酷的)表达了某些人的看法或观点
With the rise of the great metropolis (大都市) in the industrial era, city planning in the West passed out of the hands of the architect and into the hands of the technical expert. Unlike the architect who thought of the city as a work of art to be built up with an eye toward beauty, the technical expert has always taken a purely functional approach to city planning; the city exists for the sole purpose of serving the needs of its inhabitants. Its outward appearance has no intrinsic (本质的) value. Over the span of a few centuries, this new breed of urban planner has succeeded in forever changing the face of the western city. A brief visit to any large metropolis is enough to confirm this fact. Even a casual observe could not fail to notice that the typical urban landscape is arranged along the lines of the tedious chessboard pattern, with its four-cornered intersections and long, straight and dull streets. Strict building codes have resulted in an overabundance of unsightly (难看的) neighborhoods in which there is only slight variation among structures. Rows of low concrete apartment houses and files of great steel and glass skyscrapers have almost completely replaced older, more personal buildings. Moreover, the lovely natural surroundings of many cities are no longer a part of the urban landscape. For the most part, the hills and rivers which were once so much a part of so many metropolitan settings have now been covered by thoughtless construction. The lone bright spot amidst all of this urban blight (贫民区) has been the local park system, which is to be found in most western cities. Large, centrally located parks—for example, New York’s Central Park or London’s Hyde Park—and smaller, remote parks bring a measure of beauty to western cities by breaking up the man-made monotony. With their green grass, dense woods, and pleasant ponds, streams and waterfalls, local park systems also offer a lot of opportunities for city dwellers to rest or recreate, free of the intense burdens of urban life. if they have understood nothing else about the quality of life in urban areas, technical experts have at least had the good sense to recognize that people need a quiet refuge (避难所) from the chaotic bustle (忙乱) of the city.
68． The reference to “a purely functional approach to city planning” serves to ______.
A．demonstrate that architects and technical experts should cooperate B．imply that architects are unconcerned about human comfort
C．show that technical experts have destroyed the natural beauty of cities D．stress that architects and technocrats have different priorities
正确答案：D
解析：见第一段第2句；作者认为建筑师在城巾建设方面注重城市美观，而技术专家只考虑城市功能、满足居民生活的需要
69． The word “face” in the first sentence of Paragraph Two means ______. A．reputation B．expression C．appearance D．dignity
正确答案：C
解析：此题主要考核词汇，本句谈的是市容面貌，因此选C)
70． In the second paragraph the author’s description of cities is ______. A．positive B．surprised C．negative D．bewildered
正确答案：C 解析：从第二段的用词tedious, chessboard pattern, straight and dull streets, and overabundance of unsightly neighborhoods不难看出作者描述当代城市的态度是否定的
71． In context,” the good sense to recognize” suggests that technical experts ______.
A．think that greenery makes cities more attractive B．are aware of the stress of city life C．support nature conservation programs D．favor large city parks over smaller ones
正确答案：B 解析：从第三段第3句中的have good sense to recognize意为“明智地知道”，在第3句中谈到 free of the intense burdens of urban life(摆脱都市生活的紧张压力)，可知B)是对的
72． The passage focuses primarily on ______. A．criticizing certain aspects of the city B．romanticizing city life in a bygone era
C．pointing out how city life could be improved D．blaming urban problems on city residents
正确答案：A
解析：短文从城区道路结构单调、建筑物外表难看谈到市区风景被建筑物遮掩破坏等等，由此可以得出全文主要是在批评市容某些方面存在的问题这样一个结论，因此选A)，B)，C)两项文中根本没有涉及，可以排除，D)项的内容文中虽然涉及到了，但文中指的是责怪技术专家而不是城市居民，因此也不对
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.
Scientists are learning more about our【C1】______ for sleep. Most people sleep【C2】______ eight hours each night.【C3】______ people sleep more than【C4】______ and others sleep as【C5】______ as two or three hours each night.【C6】______ do not know exactly【C7】______ some people sleep more than others. Dr. Ernest Hartman has an idea about this. He believes the【C8】______ of sleep depends on how a person attacks problems. He said people who need only a few【C9】______ sleep usually are people who have much energy and make good use【C10】______ time to get their work【C11】______ quickly.【C12】______ he said many people who sleep longer than normal de creative work and seem to need【C13】______ dreaming time to find【C14】______ to emotional problems. Some scientists agree with this idea and others dispute. To determine the【C15】______ of the lack of sleep, scientists have put subjects【C16】______ a set of psychological and performance tests【C17】______ them, for instance,【C18】______ columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier, “We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit (缺乏), performance suffers,” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is【C19】______ , as are abilities to【C20】______ decisions and to concentrate.”
73． 【C1】 A．request B．need C．want D．fancy
正确答案：B
解析：need意为“需要”，作名词用时，常与for搭配；request意为“请求”；want意为“缺乏，需要”，常与in搭配，如：The army is in want of food．(部队需要食物)fancy后面接for时，意为“爱好，喜欢”
74． 【C2】 A．for B．at C．in D．since
正确答案：A
解析：表示一段时间用介词for
75． 【C3】 A．Other B．The other C．Some D．Many
正确答案：C
解析：some与后面的others呼应
76． 【C4】 A．that B．it
C．the hour D．the time
正确答案：A
解析：that可代替上文的单数或复数名词，此处代替eight hours
77． 【C5】 A．much B．longer C．heavily D．few
正确答案：D
解析：此处是与每晚睡八小时的人相比，另一些人的睡眠时间少得多，只有两三个小时，所以应选few，而不是much，而as...as结构中应该用形容词或副词原形，因此，可排除B)项；选项C)则不合句意
78． 【C6】 A．People B．Sleeper C．Scientists D．They
正确答案：C
解析：根据上文的意思，选项A)，D)中people和they皆指sleepers，因此可排除A)，B)和 D)项
79． 【C7】 A．why
B．when C．that D．how
正确答案：A
解析：why指原因，若用that则指know的内容，意为“科学家们并不确切地知道这一问题”，所以对问题本身是了解的，只是原因不太清楚而已
80． 【C8】 A．amount B．count C．period D．stage
正确答案：A
解析：amount意为“数量”；count是动词“数”；period意为“期间，一段时间”；stage意为“阶段”
81． 【C9】 A．hours B．hour C．hour’s D．hours’
正确答案：D
解析：此处应是复数名词所有格，修饰sleep
82． 【C10】 A．of B．with C．on D．in
正确答案：A
解析：make good use of意为“很好地利用”，是固定搭配
83． 【C11】 A．to be done B．to do C．done D．do
正确答案：C
解析：get sth. done意为“做完某事”，其他选项则不能构成固定搭配，不合
语法
84． 【C12】 A．And B．While C．Thus D．But
正确答案：D
解析：此处有对比的意思，but起转折作用，连接两个并列句，强调两种人在睡眠方面的差异，while也可表示对比关系，但不强调差异，且只能引导从句
85． 【C13】 A．extra
B．uncommon C．extraordinary D．peculiar
正确答案：A
解析：extra意为“额外的”；uncommon意为“不平常的”；extraordinary意为“特别的”；peculiar意为“特有的”
86． 【C14】 A．response B．solution C．answer D．reaction
正确答案：B
解析：response, reaction与find含义不符；answer常与question搭配
87． 【C15】 A．conclusion B．contrast
C．contradiction D．consequences
正确答案：D
解析：consequence意为“后果”；conclusion意为“结论”；contrast意为“对比”；contradiction意为“矛盾”；因为下文提到睡眠不足的后果，如工作效率降低、记忆力衰退、注意力无法集中等，所以选项D)正确
88． 【C16】 A．through
B．out of C．into D．from
正确答案：A
解析：through指“通过一系列测试”；into意为“进入”，若在此句中则是“把试验对象放进一系列测试中”，不符合英语表达法；out of和from意为“来自测试中”，此处与put搭配则不符合英语语法
89． 【C17】 A．required B．requiring C．require
D．having required
正确答案：B
解析：requiring是分词短语作状语，修饰动词put
90． 【C18】 A．adding B．add
C．in adding D．to add
正确答案：D
解析：从后面recall一词看，此处不可能选A)或C)项；根据上面require一词，此处结构为 require sb. to do sth.，所以选D)项
91． 【C19】 A．enforced B．reduced C．weakened D．strengthened
正确答案：C
解析：因为前一句提到performance suffers，选项C)与此含义相符；而选项B)中reduced不能与memory搭配
92． 【C20】 A．make B．do
C．perform D．conduct
正确答案：A
解析：make a decision意为“做决定”，是固定搭配；do, perform和conduct均不能与decision搭配
Part V Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If y
The term biological clock is applied to the means, which living things 【M1】______adjust their activity patterns, without any obvious cue, the time of day, or 【M2】______the month, or the year. They are affected but little, if at all, by
drugs,chemical, or wide temperature differences—factors may alter substantially 【M3】______the rates of all ordinary processes of the body. The nature of the biological clocks mechanism is still a mystery. Two 【M4】______quite different theories have been advanced to account to them. According 【M5】______to the first of these theories, each individual have evolved, aided by naturalselection, an adaptation to the rhythmic environment. It has now 【M6】
______become independence on the environment. According to this view, the clocks 【M7】______are not perfect timers. They require regular corrections by the natural
lightand tide cycles and the changed lengths of the day throughout the year. 【M8】______The other theory holds up living things react continuously to their 【M9】______rhythmic physical environment. The setting of their biological
clocks,therefore, involves a constant adjustment to subtle clocks are potential 【M10】______perfect timers.
93． 【M1】
正确答案：∧ which→by
解析：固定搭配by the means of...
94． 【M2】
正确答案：∧ the→to
解析：固定搭配adjust... to...
95． 【M3】
正确答案：factors ∧→which/that
解析：定语从句中which/that做主语，故不可省略
96． 【M4】
正确答案：clocks→clock’s 解析：表所属关系
97． 【M5】
正确答案：to→for
解析：account for是固定搭配，意为“说明，解决”
98． 【M6】
正确答案：∧ an→as 解析：成分残缺
99． 【M7】
正确答案：on→of 解析：固定搭配
100． 【M8】
正确答案：changed→changing
解析：应该用现在分词形式修饰lengths，表示“正在变化的”
101． 【M9】
正确答案：up
解析：成分多余
102． 【M10】
正确答案：potential→potentially
解析：应该用副词修饰形容词perfect
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences in the blanks by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
103． Living in the desert has many problems, ______ (缺水并不是惟一的问题).
正确答案：of which the lack of water is not the only one
解析：依照给出的中文，可译为the lack of water is not the only problem，但已给出的英文部分已经是个完整的句子，所以译文应以从句的形式出现，缺水是
many problems中的一个问题，故使用表示所属关系的of+ which结构来引导，缺水也可译为water shortage
104． The production ______ (增加到每月500吨) by the end of this month.
正确答案：will have risen/will rise to 500 tons per month 解析：rise和raise都可指“升高，增长”，前者为不及物动词，后者为及物动词，本句为主谓结构，故用不及物动词rise，by引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，意为“不迟于”，所以主句一般是完成时态，当然也可用将来时态
105． Some children put much emphasis ______ (有足够的钱以便到外面去痛快享受).
正确答案：on having enough money to enjoy themselves outside 解析：put emphasis on/upon是固定短语，意为“强调，注重”，后接名词或动名词
106． Please ______ (不要忘记让你姐姐到超市买一些牛排).
正确答案：don’t forget to ask your elder sister to buy some steak in the supermarket
解析：动词forget后面可以跟动词不定式，也可以跟动词的-ing形式，前者意为“不要忘了去做某事”，即动作还没有发生；后者意为“不要忘了做过某事”，即动作已经发生，由于本句中的动作还没有发生，所以应用 forget+动词不定式的形式
107． The students now ______ (宁愿上网，也不愿意到图书馆去看书).
正确答案：prefer netsurfing to reading in the library 解析：“宁愿…而不愿…”通常用prefer (domg) sth．to (domg) sth．的结构来表示，要注意的是，该结构中的to是介词，后面应跟名词或动名词
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容