中学教师资格认定考试(初级英语学科知识与教学能力)模拟试卷19(

中学教师资格认定考试（初级英语学科知识与教学能力）模拟试卷

19 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 简答题 3. 教学情境分析题 4. 教学设计题 5. 阅读理解

单项选择题

1．The man’ s______was described as impatient in contrast to his wife’ s. A．character B．personality C．nature D．property

正确答案：A

解析：考查近义词辨析。character尤指品性，品质方面的“性格”，指一个人所特有的、与他人不同的特性、特征。它决定一个人对待生活中重大问题的态度。例句：His character is very different from his wife’s．他和他妻子的性格迥然不同。personality多指为人处事方面与众不同的“个性、风度”，尤指能感染人的性格特征。例句：His personality left a deep impression on us．他的个性给我们留下了深刻的印象。nature指天生的、无法改变的性格或品质；property专指某物所固有的、真正的、本质特性，属性，一般不用于指人。故此题选A。

2．You should take the part a good way of learning______in your study into consideration.

A．acts B．enjoys C．plays D．forms

正确答案：C

解析：考查固定搭配。此句中固定结构play a part in意为“起作用”，句意为“你应该经常考虑一下好的学习方法在你学习过程中起的作用”。

3．It is not I but you who______the first to run to the goal in that competition. A．am B．was C．is D．are

正确答案：D

解析：考查主谓一致。not…but…“不是……而是……”，连接两个主语，谓

语动词为就近原则，这里离它较近的主语是you，故用复数。

4．They did everything______. A．as had been originally planned B．as originally planned C．as the original plan

D．as been originally planned

正确答案：A

解析：考查时态。句意为“他们做的每件事都是按照最初的计划进行的”。as作为关系连词引导定语从句，主句为一般过去时，定语向前推进一个时态，即过去完成时，故选A。

5．With a large parking lot ______ customers could park their cars easily, the shopping mall is now the most attractive ______people like to go to in this city.

A．that; one B．where; one C．which; that D．that; which

正确答案：B

解析：考查定语从句和代词用法。句意为“因为有了一个顾客很容易停车的大型停车场，这个购物中心成为这个城市人们喜欢去的最具吸引力的购物中心”。第一个空的先行词为表地点的parking lot，所以用where来引导，在从句中作状语；第二个空，one为泛指，代指shopping mall，后面跟了定语从句，从句中缺少go to的宾语，that可以省略，故选B。

6．—What should we pay more attention to if we go camping in the mountains? —Nothing special. Take a special pair of glasses______the wind there is strong and cold.

A．even if B．in case

C．providing that D．so long as

正确答案：B

解析：考查短语辨析。句意为“——在山上野营我们更需要注意什么?——没什么特别的，戴一副特殊的眼镜，以防那里风太大、太冷。”even if“即使”；in case“以防”；providing that“假如”；so long as“只要”，故选B。

7．Which of the following words doesn’t have three syllables? A．favourite B．countryside C．illegible

D．consciousness

正确答案：C

解析：考查音节知识。根据音节的划分可知，illegible有4个音节，故选C。

8．Which of the following sentences is pronounced with a rise-fall tone? A．He won’t come home for lunch, will he? B．Have you finished your homework? C．Are you a student or a teacher? D．How are you?

正确答案：C

解析：考查语调。在选择疑问句中，语调为先升后降。故本题正确答案为C项。

9．The relationship between “violet” and “tulip” is______. A．co-hyponymy B．superordinate C．hyponymy D．antonymy

正确答案：A

解析：考查语义学知识。根据涵义关系可知，上下义关系是词语之间语义上的包含与被包含的关系，凡是一个词语的全部语义(概念意义)包含在另一个词语的语义之中，这两个词语就构成上下义关系。而同下义词表示同类事物现象的词语之间的语义关系。紫罗兰和郁金香的关系属于同下义关系(co-hyponymy)。花是它们的上义词(superordinate)。

10．When you talk to your boss or to your friends, you use different words. We could analyze this phenomenon with ______.

A．social context B．situation context C．linguistic context D．semantic field

正确答案：B

解析：考查语言学知识。对不同的对象在不同的场合采用不同的语言。

11．Which of the following cannot be used as a way to show the stress pattern of words, phrases, and sentences?

A．Facial expressions. B．Gestures. C．Voices.

D．The blackboard.

正确答案：A 解析：考查语音教学。重读练习中最重要的事情是让学生知道相关词或短语或句子在哪里重读，老师可以通过拍手或胳膊行动等手势、提高嗓音或在黑板上用不同大小的字或不同颜色的粉笔标出等方式来让学生意识到重读的地方。四个选项中只有A项不合适。

12．Which of the following grammar activities is most communicative? A．Asking the students to read and correct the mistakes in the sentences. B．Asking the students to tell the differences between two pictures in groups. C．Asking the students to make sentences with the given words. D．Asking the students to complete the translation exercises.

正确答案：B

解析：考查语法教学活动。题干意思为：下列哪一项语法教学活动最具有交际性?纵观选项，A、C、D都属于机械式的练习活动，而B项需要学生将所学知识进行实践化的训练和运用，通过小组活动的形式描述两张图片差异的同时，充分体现了交际性的原则。故选B。

13．Which of the following statements is NOT a way of consolidating vocabulary?

A．Defining. B．Matching. C．Gap-filling. D．Labeling.

正确答案：A

解析：考查词汇教学。下定义是呈现新词汇的方法，而不是巩固已学词汇的方法。故选A。

14．To develop the skill of listening, the teacher asks students to learn several new words that will appear in the listening passage and predict what the listening material is about. Which stage is it at in listening class now?

A．Warming up. B．Pre-listening. C．While-listening. D．Post-listening.

正确答案：B

解析：考查听力教学。在听文章之前，教师让学生学习可能在听力中出现的新单词并预测听力文章的内容。这是处于听前(pre-listening)阶段。故选B。

15．Which of the following is not a while-speaking activity? A．Describing people and events.

B．Role-plays.

C．Exchanging information. D．Reporting results.

正确答案：D

解析：考查口语教学活动。说中活动包括运用交际策略、描述人物和事件、报告过程和结果、角色扮演、交流信息、讨论和辩论及演讲等，D项的“汇报结果”应该是说后活动。所以答案选D。

16．When a teacher leads students to guess the meaning of a new word based on the contextual clue, which one of the following approaches does he use?

A．Bottom-up Approach. B．Top-down Approach. C．Interactive Approach. D．3P Approach.

正确答案：B

解析：考查阅读教学模式。自下而上的模式(Bottom-up Approach)是一个解码的过程，从声音到单词、句子、整篇文章的理解。自上而下的模式(Top-down Approach)是一个宏观的加工过程，通过背景、语境等信息理解文章大意，其次再对文章的细节、单词等进行分析。而交互式教学模式(Interactive Approach)则将前两者教学结合起来，综合两者的优势来开展教学。而本题题干是基于上下文的线索和语境进行猜词，属于自上而下的教学模式。故选B。

17．When the teacher gives feedback to students in teaching writing, he/she should NOT______.

A．make positive comments on the good features of the writing B．give words simply like “good” or “very good” to the writing C．point out areas for improvement

D．express his/her personal opinion on the issue that student has written

正确答案：B

解析：考杏写作教学．教师对学生的作文进行反馈时，不能仅仅写个简单的评语“好”，这对于学生写作技能的提高没有任何帮助；而应该指出哪里写得好，哪里有待改进，并针对学生在作文中发表的观点给出自己的意见。故选B。

18．What is the teacher doing in terms of error correction? T: Make a sentence with “have”! S: He have a car. T: He HAVE a car? S: He HA S a car. T: Very good. He HA S a car.

A．Direct correction. B．Indirect correction. C．Self-correction. D．Peer correction.

正确答案：B

解析：考查纠错方法。教师在学生回答出现错误的时候，没有马上纠正，而是用反问的语气重复了一遍错误的句子，并把重音放在错误的单词上，这是教师间接纠错的方式之一。故选B。

19．Teachers constantly reflect on what they do as a teacher and how their learners learn as learners. With systematic reflections and research, they improve their teaching and their learners’ learning. Here the teacher is playing the role of a(an)______.

A．controller B．assessor C．researcher D．participant

正确答案：C

解析：考查教师角色。教师经常反思自己作为教师应该做什么、学生应该怎么学习，并通过系统的反思与研究，最终提升自己的教学水平和学生的学习水平。这体现了教师的研究者角色。故选C。

20．Which of the following statements about teachers’ instructions is NOT true? A．Instructions should be simple and clear.

B．Instructions can be long and complicated for students to follow. C．Teachers can use body language to assist students to understand. D．Instructions should be kept to a minimum during activities.

正确答案：B

解析：考查课堂教学中的教师指令语。教师的课堂指令语应简洁明了，这样学生才会明白；切忌长而复杂，这样不便于学生理解，也会影响教学的效率。教师在课堂上应尽量少用母语，必要时可以使用身体语言辅助学生理解。课堂指令语不应过多，教师应最大限度地发挥学生的主观能动性。故选B。

简答题 21．课堂提问有哪些功能?常见的理解性提问有哪三种类型?请各写出一个英语例子加以说明。

正确答案：(1)提问是课堂教学的重要组成部分。从教师教的角度看，提问是教师输出信息、传递信息和获得教与学的反馈的重要渠道，是教师训练学生思维和提高学生理解能力的重要手段；从学生学的角度看，提问使学习者的兴趣得以保持和提高，使创造性思维得以发展，使新、旧知识得以连接和巩固。另外，提问还具有锻炼表达能力，检查学习效果等多种功能。(2)理解性提问有三种类型：展示性、参考性和评估性提问。①展示性提问是教师根据具体教学内容进行的提问，这类问题只要求学生对课文进行事实性的表层理解，并根据短时记忆或者查看课文找到答案。如：What did Mandela do to help Elias solve the problems?

②参考性提问是根据课文相关信息提问，这类问题没有现成的答案，学生要结合个人的知识和课文所提供的信息进行综合分析。如：What’s the meaning of the phrase“out of work”in the context?③评估性提问要求学生在理解课文的基础上进行深层次的逻辑思维，运用所学语言知识就课文的某个事件或观点发表自己的看法。如：What do you think about their way to fight for their rights?

教学情境分析题

22．下面是两位教师为学生布置的作业。Teacher 1Step 4: Homework1. Write new words and phrases on the notebook.2. Finish exercise 3 on Page 21.(Text book)3. Finish exercises on Page 20-24.(Exercise book)Teacher 2Step 4: Homework1. Find some relative information about today’s lesson on the Internet.2. Share your findings with your group members and present to the whole students next class.根据上面的信息，从下面三个方面作答：(1)布置作业有什么意义?(2)分析两位教师布置作业的特点，并指出其不足之处。(3)教师在布置作业时应注意哪些问题(至少从四个方面)?

正确答案：(1)作业的意义：①可以及时检查听课的效果和掌握知识的程度，及时发现所学知识的缺漏并加以弥补。②可以加深对知识的理解和记忆。作业是对知识的具体应用，使知识的掌握变得更加准确、灵活和充实，促进了知识的“消化”过程，使知识的掌握进入到应用的高级阶段。③可以提高思维能力，培养学生学习的能力和习惯。作业可以要求学生把所学的知识运用于生活当中，让他们学会解决问题。比如与外国友人交流，可锻炼他们的交际能力。作业中的问题可以引起学生积极思考，在分析和解决的过程中得到“思维的锻炼”。④可以给教师提供教学的信息反馈，是检测、教学过程的依据。教师从作业的批改中能全面了解学生的课堂接受程度、个体的离散和差异，进而有针对性地辅导学生，更有效地帮助学生掌握书本知识，同时有针对性地安排后续章节的教学。(2)第一位教师布置作业的特点是作业布置紧贴考试内容，注重知识的掌握。不足：比较枯燥，死板，无法引起学生的兴趣；作业量太大。第二位教师布置作业的特点是注重锻炼学生收集资料、自主学习、团队合作的能力。不足：作业的完成缺乏有效的监督，很难落实学生是否认真搜集资料并与小组其他同学进行了分享和讨论。(3)注意事项：①量的适中性。作业太少，达不到目的；作业太多，会使学生望而生畏，甚至会损害学习英语的积极性。教师应指导学生在有限的时间内，主要进行学习方法的探索和知识的系统归类。因此，教师应把握好作业的量。②难度的层次性。作业过难，基础差的学生干脆不写，或者抄袭别人的作业；作业过于简单，基础好的同学会感觉毫无挑战。因此，教师设计作业要充分考虑到学生的个体差异，把握好作业的难度。③内容的针对性。作业要强化教学目标、突出重难点、指导学习方法等，要有明确的目的。因此，采用何种类型和形式的作业，就需要根据每次作业的重点和学生具体情况来确定。④完成的有效性。教师布置的口头作业，如记忆语篇、和同伴编一段情景对话、用英语向家人介绍某人某物等，由于没有有效地监督和及时有效地检查，有的学生忽视了这项作业，失去了锻炼口头交际能力和语言的综合运用能力的机会。针对此现象，教师在布置作业时要确保作业的有效完成。⑤形式的多样性。作业形式要新颖有趣，形式多样，不能只是抄写单词、句型、语篇，因为它机械地重复，枯燥无味，会失去挑

战性，无法引起学生的学习兴趣。

教学设计题

23．设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计15分钟的英语阅读教学方案。该方案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：teaching objectivesteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajor steps and time allocationactivities and justifications教学时间：15分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中三年级(九年级)学生，班级人数40人，多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》四级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Different Customs in Different CountriesI’m from Colombia; we’re pretty relaxed about time. If you tell a friend you’re going to their house for dinner, it’s okay if you arrive a bit late. Spending time with family and friends is very important to us. We often just drop by our friends’ homes. We don’t usually have to make plans to meet our friends. Often we just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can!In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. We’re the land of watches, after all! If someone invites you to meet them at 4:00, you have to be there at 4:00. If you’re even fifteen minutes late, your friend may get angry. Also, we never visit a friend’s house without calling first. We usually make plan to see friends. We usually plan to do something interesting, or go somewhere together.

正确答案：Teaching Contents:A passage about different customs in different countries Teaching Objectives:(1)Knowledge objectiveStudents can know the different customs in different countries and become more familiar with the topic of customs.(2)Ability objectives① Through reading practice, students can develop their reading skills of skimming and scanning and language competence.② Through the reading and the discussion about being on time, students can elicit their ideas about different customs in different countries.(3)Emotional objectiveStudents can know the importance of being on time and have the desire to know more about the customs in different countries.Teaching Key Point:Students can develop reading skills of skimming and scanning.Teaching Difficult Point:Students can talk about customs in different countries.Teaching Procedures:Step 1 Pre-reading(4 minutes)(1)The teacher presents several flag signs and asks students which countries they belong to.(2)The teacher asks students to read the title of the passage and predict what the passage may talk about. The teacher walks around the classroom and provides help.(Justification: Presenting several flag signs can broaden students’ sight. Predicting will get their minds closer to the theme of the text to be read.)Step 2 While-reading(7 minutes)(1)Fast readingThe teacher asks students to read the two paragraphs quickly, and try to conclude the main idea of the two paragraphs. The teacher gives some feedback on their ideas.The teacher tells students that paying attention to the structure of the passage and the topic sentence of each paragraph can help them get the main idea of the passage.(Justification: Students’ skimming ability can be improved through this step, from which they can master the general meaning of the passage.)(2)Careful readingThe teacher gets students to look through the two paragraphs again and try to

complete the chart on their own. And then checks the answers with the class.(Justification: Students’ scanning skill can be improved through careful reading, from which they can master the way to find out the specific information of the passage.)Step 3 Post-reading(4 minutes)The teacher asks students to work in pairs and talk about their attitudes towards being on time and other different customs in different countries.Then the teacher asks several students to show their groups’ opinions to the class and tells them that being on time is a good habit for us.(Justification: The discussion can make students exchange their personal opinions and have the desire to study the customs of different countries, and help them know the importance of being on time.)

阅读理解

It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science, it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you don’ t, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead.It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can’t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can’t think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.

24．We confronted with ignorance by______today. A．pretending to understand how things worked B．totally ignoring the problem C．exploring it in earnest

D．simply making up stories to fill the gaps

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。文中第三段第二句提到，人类早期通过三种方式来掩盖自己的无知，“In earliertimes，we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem，or simply made up stories to fillthe gads”，即选项A、B、D中提到得内容，而C项是现在人们解决问题的方式，故选C。

25．According to the passage, good science means______.

A．something that will help people to make the right choice in advance B．producing results which cannot be foreseen C．bringing about disturbing results

D．something surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。文中第一段第一句提到“if it is really good science，it is impossible to predict”，即好的科学是不可预测的，B项符合题意，故选B。

26．The author’s attitude towards science is______. A．negative B．confident C．depressed D．doubtful

正确答案：B

解析：推断题。文中最后一段第一句提到“But we are making a beginning，and there ought to be some satisfaction”。接下来又提到，可能遇到的困难；最后一句提到“we should be able to work our way through to all our answers”，可见作者对科技的发展是很有信心的，故选B。

27．According to the passage, which one about scientists in earlier times is false? A．They invented stories to explain things they didn’ t understand. B．They falsely claimed to know how things worked.

C．They did not believe in results from scientific observation.

D．They paid little attention to the problems they didn’ t understand.

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。关于早期科学家的说法在文中的第三段，A、B、D三个选项是对第三段科学家三种作为的转述，只有C项不是早期科学家的作为，故选C。

28．The author believes that______.

A．consciousness is not in the scope of scientific research

B．sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature C．man can’t solve every problem he thinks up

D．man will find solutions to any questions concerning nature he can think up

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。文中最后一段提到“There are probably no questions we can think up that can’t be answered，sooner or later，including even the matter of consciousness”，即：可能我们提出的问题没有不能解答的，即使是意识形态的问题，与选项D符合。

By “some people” I mean me. Why is it that an evening stroll leaves me feeling eaten alive while my companions are left blissfully un-bitten?Studies suggest that about 20 percent of people are “high attractor types” who are especially appealing to the female mosquitoes seeking out blood for the extra protein they need to lay eggs. Of course, not all mosquitoes are the same. But let’s consider some of the more general properties that affect your mosquito appeal.Clothing ColorIt’s true, mosquitoes have discerning fashion taste. Or at least, they’re more likely to spot you as a target if you stand out from your environment. Dark colors, especially, will attract more of the insect.Body HeatVisual clues allow the mosquito to locate you from relatively far away, but as she approaches, it’s your body heat that draws her in. This puts pregnant women, who average about 1.26 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than others, at a particular risk—a tact which has been substantiated by a number of studies.Carbon DioxideThis is another reason pregnant women are at a disadvantage. Mosquitoes can detect carbon dioxide using a special organ called a maxillary palp from as far as 1 feet away. Since everyone emits CO2 simply by exhaling, it comes down to relative amounts. Unfortunately for mothers-to-be, pregnancy causes women to emit 21 percent more CO2. This is also why kids are often safe from bites, when bigger, more CO2-emitting adults are around.Alcohol IntakeOn the flip side, pregnant women are(presumably)avoiding another mosquito attractor: alcohol. Although it’ s unclear how mosquitoes go about detecting the presence of ethanol, studies show that drinking even just 12 ounces of beer will significantly increase the attention you receive from the pests.The Properties of Your Skin and SweatUp to 85 percent of your susceptibility to mosquito bites has nothing to do with what you’ re drinking, wearing or how much heat your body emits,—it’s just genetic. Specifically, the composition of your skin bacteria—the kind that naturally and healthily exists there—can serve as an attractor.Blood TypeAnother factor you can’t control? Your blood type. And it stands to reason that, if the mosquito is there to suck your blood, she cares what kind she’s getting. People with blood type O are more prone to mosquito bites than those with type B, with type A folks bringing up the rear.

29．According to the author, which factor below serves as the most influencing one in mosquito appealing?

A．Alcohol drinking. B．Clothing color.

C．The properties of the skin and sweat.

D．The body heat.

正确答案：C 解析：细节题。文中在讲“The Properties of Your Skin and Sweat”时提到“Up to 85 percent of your susceptibility to mosquito bites has nothing to do with what you’re drinking，wearing or how much heat your body emits，一it’s just genetic”，即85％对于蚊子的敏感性和你喝了什么、穿了什么或者你身体散发了多少热量无关，而和基因有关，而基因体现在人体皮肤和汗液的成分上，故选C。

30．What is false about the “clothing color” and “body heat” factors? A．The heat surrounding you helps to attract the mosquito far away.

B．The mosquito easily detects people who wear different colors from others. C．Mosquitoes like warm places.

D．The pregnant women get bitten much easier because they are warmer.

正确答案：A 解析：细节题。判断重点在“visual clues allow the mosquito to locate you from relatively far away，but as she approaches，it’s your body heat that draws her in”，即视觉线索帮助蚊子从远处定位，但当它靠近你之后，是你的体温吸引了它。理清了逻辑之后，可以看出B、C、D项都正确，而A项说反了。故选A。

31．What is NOT the reason why the pregnant women have a high risk of mosquito appeal?

A．They emit more CO2 than normal people.

B．The air surrounding them is much warmer than others. C．They drink alcohol.

D．They emit more heat than people around.

正确答案：C 解析：细节题。作者在很多小标题下都说到了孕妇的问题，“pregnant women，who average about 1．26 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than others，at a particular risk”，“pregnancy causes women to emit 21 percent more CO2”，“pregnant women are(presumably)avoiding another mosquito attractor：alcohol”，前两个可以对应A、B、D项，而C项说反了，文中说，孕妇不能喝酒，这个因素上避免了吸引蚊子。

32．What is the best title for this passage?

A．Properties that affect your mosquito appeal. B．Why pregnant women attract mosquitoes easily? C．Your genes make you more attractive to mosquitoes. D．Why are some people more prone to mosquito bites?

正确答案：D

解析：主旨题。B、C都只说了文章的一小方面。A项比较像文章的主旨大意，而不像文章的题目，且从文章第一句话“by‘some people’I mean me”，可

以看出作者前面一定提到了。故选D。

33．Which statement is not true according to the author?

A．People with blood type A are more attractive than those with type O. B．Take baths more often lower the risks of mosquito biting. C．Kids get fewer bites because they emit less CO2. D．The author is among the “high attractor types”.

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。由皮肤和汗的成分影响对蚊子的吸引可以看出，洗澡会影响皮肤的环境，从而影响对蚊子的吸引，故B项正确。从“this is also why kids are often safe from bites，when bigger，more CO2-emitting adults are around”，可见C项正确。从文章开头的表述看出作者比其他人更容易被蚊子咬，故D项正确。根据文章最后一段可知，O型血的人更容易吸引蚊子，A项错误，故选A。