(英语)高中英语阅读理解技巧(很有用)及练习题及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解

Scientists have been studying how people use money for long. Now they're finding some theories may apply to one group of monkeys.

Researchers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. They gave the monkeys small metal disks(圆片) that could be used like cash and showed them some yummy apple pieces. The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they'd receive a piece of apple in return.

If you think that is all the monkeys can figure out, you are wrong. Two researchers, Jake and Allison, acted as apple sellers in the experiments. The monkeys were tested one at a time and had 12 disks to spend in each experiment. Jake always showed the monkeys one apple piece, while Allison always showed two pieces. But that's not necessarily what they gave the monkeys. The number of apple pieces given for a disk was determined at random.

Experiment One: Allison showed two pieces of apples but gave both pieces only half the time. The other half, she took one piece away and gave the monkey just the remaining piece. Jake, on the other hand, always gave exactly what he showed: one piece for each disk. The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.

Experiment Two: Allison continued to sometimes gave two pieces and sometimes one piece. But now, half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus. Guess what? The monkeys chose to trade more with Jake.

In the first experiment, the monkeys correctly figured out that if they traded with Allison, they'd end up with more treats. In the second one, when a monkey received two pieces from Jake, it seemed like again. When Allison gave the monkey only one piece instead of the two she showed, it seemed like a loss. The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.

We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?

（1）What conclusion might experts draw from the first experiment?

A. The monkeys show certain business sense. B. Business theories can apply to all monkeys. C. People are smarter in terms of finance. D. It's easy to teach monkeys how to trade. （2）What does a bonus in paragraph 5 refer to?

A. A metal disk. B. An apple piece. C. A chance. D. A coin. （3）Why did the monkeys choose to trade more with Jake in the second experiment? A. Because Jake always gave them two apple pieces. B. Because the apple pieces from Jake were yummy.

C. Because they didn't like the feeling of losing. D. Because they get more apple pieces from Jake.

（4）What could be the best title for the passage?

A. People's Business Decision: Lose or Gain? B. Moneky's Business Sense: Smart or Silly? C. Shopping for Bargain: Same or different? D. Disk for Apple: Who to Trade with?

【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家们通过实验来说明，“猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？”

(1)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.”可知，专家们从第一个实验中得出的结论是“猴子表现出一定的商业意识。”故选A。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus.可知，a bonus指代的是“一块苹果”，故选B。 (3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.”可知，猴子在第二个实验中会选择与杰克进行更多的交易是因为他们不喜欢失去的感觉。故选C。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Researchers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. ...The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they d receive a piece of apple in return.”和最后一段中的“We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?”可知，本文说的是，猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

The Women's Institute is urging supermarkets to do more to help consumers reduce their home food waste, after a survey of its own membership showed widespread confusion about “best before” and “use by” labeling(标签) on packaging.

Its new analysis of products on supermarket shelves found that “once-opened” instructions were often contradictory and often failed to make clear whether they were a guide to food safety or quality. Only 45% of 5,000 WI members surveyed understood that best-before dates were a sign of food quality, while 26% did not understand that the more important use-by dates were a decisive guide to food safety.

In its report on food waste, the WI said supermarkets were “potentially contributing to home food waste by leading customers to buy more food than they need, and giving conflicting and confusing on-pack information that leaves customers unsure about how long a product remains safe to eat in the home setting”. The 42-page report is part of the WI's ongoing campaign to reduce food waste. To underline the point about conflicting information, it cites(引用) a can of Sainsbury's own-brand sweetcorn advising consumers to eat it within one day of opening, while a similar tin from Waitrose gave consumers two days to finish it. Green Giant sweetcorn, however,

has no specified date for eating once opened.

Marylyn Haines Evans, chair of the Women's Institute's public affairs said: “WI members are some of the more informed members of society about food and cookery, but they are still confused about food labelling and 'once-opened' information. So we would like supermarkets to extend the amount of time that consumers have to use a product in their homes by making all of their once-opened instructions on product packaging consistent, and completely remove once-opened instructions on products where food safety is not an issue.” （1）What mainly leads to food waste according to WI?

A. Poor quality of food. B. Attractive packaging of products.

C. Competition among supermarkets. D. Consumers' confusion about on-pack information. （2）Which of the following can inform you of food safety?

A. B.

C. D.

（3）Why are the three supermarkets mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A. To attract more consumers. B. To compare their products. C. To comment on their service. D. To make WI's report convincing. （4）What does Evans suggest supermarkets do about reducing food waste?

A. Extend life of a product. B. Turn to well-informed WI members. C. Give consistent once-opened instructions. D. Remove instructions on product packaging. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了妇女机构强烈建议超市采取帮助消费者减少食物浪费的措施，比如延长消费者在家中使用产品的时间，使他们所有曾经打开的关于产品包装的说明一致。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段\"Only 45% of 5,000 WI members surveyed understood that

best-before dates were a sign of food quality, while 26% did not understand that the more important use-by dates were a decisive guide to food safety.\"可知，消费者对于食品包装上信息的混淆是导致食物浪费的原因。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段\"while 26% did not understand that the more important use-by dates were a decisive guide to food safety.\"可知，use by信息才是食品安全的决定性指导因素。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段\"To underline the point about conflicting information, it cites(引用) a can of Sainsbury's own-brand sweetcorn\"可知，引用超市的例子是为了更好的说明这一问题，即使文章更具说服力。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段\"we would like supermarkets to extend the amount of time that consumers have to use a product in their homes by making all of their once-opened instructions on product packaging consistent,\"可知，为了减少食物浪费，超市可通过使包装带上的信息一致来达到这一目的。故选C。

3．阅读理解

Given the recent interest in green buildings in the media, let's think differently. Instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand?

Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process.

So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-saving designs. For instance, if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a year air conditioners could stay if ceiling fans were fixed.

In homes built under the small-house policy in New Territories, the ceiling may be too low for ceiling fans. If the 9-meter maximum building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling fans could be fixed to reduce energy use. Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation involves integrated(协调统一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves energy reduction.

For integrated design to succeed, all parties must come together and think beyond each person's circle of influence. Better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design. Buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built. Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used.

We need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved approach to building design. By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable buildings.

（1）What's the author's attitude towards the open-door practice of the street shops? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Optimistic. D. Uncaring. （2）Why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans?

A. To follow an old practice. B. To help reduce energy use.

C. To completely replace air conditioners. D. To help cut down on daily expenses. （3）What's the key to making sustainable buildings a reality?

A. All parties should get started at the same time. B. The basic architecture should be finished first.

C. Proper design and performance to achieve energy reduction. D. Seeking the small-house policy and some successful architects.

（4）What would be the best title for the text?

A. Waste less, live better B. Goodbye, air conditioning

C. How to reduce the energy cost D. Green buildings call for integrated design 【答案】（1）B （2）B （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文。作者认为街边商店开放空调的做法虽然给人以凉爽的空气，但却浪费了大量的能源。所以他鼓励节能的集成设计，即在住宅建成前统一设计，安装吊扇，减少空调的负荷及照明用电等能源。

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process.可知，作者认为虽然这些商店的凉爽空气给行人提神，但open-door practice却带来了成本，在空调降低温度过程中消耗了能量。可知是持不赞成的态度的。故答案选B项。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. 如果我们按装吊扇，空调住宅一年中大部分时间可不用空调。吊扇使用的能量要少得多。由此可知建议安吊扇是因为能减少能源的使用。故答案选B项。

（3）推理判断题。根据第5 段为了使集成设计成功，各方必须团结起。找出更好的解决方案。这种恰当的正确的设计结果，可以减少空调负荷，减少电力照明用电，减少使用材料的数量。（Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used. ）故答案C符合题意。故答案选C项。

（4）主旨大意题。作者认为商店开放空调导致能源的浪费，所以倡导在住宅区安装吊扇的节能环保的做法。这就需要要建筑房屋前统一的综合的集成设计，才能有一个可持续的节约的环保绿色的建筑。因此本文最好的标题是绿色建筑呼唤集成设计。故D项符合题意。 【点评】主旨大意阅读理解题解题技巧：抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想

寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语、一枝一节，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排；理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”；考虑文章的组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的；分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么内容来表达中心的；最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。

4．阅读理解

Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in Lenwood Haddock's case, being blind works to his advantage. His trained, sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.

Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “My whole working career has been blind,” he says. He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls, laughing. “And then I came home and lay down to sleep. I lift weights, but I wasn't as tough as I thought until I started weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and you're standing up all day.”

In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (窍门) for the job. At first he worked on-site at the company, but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.

There, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.

The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops (环). A single missed stitch (织针) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes, but to his company's knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.

The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today, it is the world's largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand.

However, Lenwood's routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits. （1）Lenwood stopped doing his first job because .

A. it was for people with good eyesight only B. the company failed to go on with its business C. the company didn't produce hammocks D. he was not skilled at doing woodwork （2）It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood .

A. has been blind all through his life B. used to work as a hunter to support his family C. was born in the 1950s with good eyesight D. has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years

（3）What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph?

A. He moved very often while he was working on a hammock. B. He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.

C. He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it. D. He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. the success of the Hammock Source Company B. a blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocks

C. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand D. how to become a successful craftsman 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，因故双目失明的美国人Lenwood，用其训练有素，敏感的双手创造编织吊床的奇迹。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.”可知，Lenwood十八岁时失明，后来找到第一份工作，但他所在的organization closed，虽没说具体原因，但没有再继续经营下去，故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。 根据第二段中的“Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18,”Lenwood在1973年十八岁时失明推算出来的，也说明在（1973-18=1955）1955年之前他的眼睛是好的。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.”可知， Lenwood所用的计步器显示，他在店里织吊床总共来回行走8英里，由此可推断出他在工作时经常走动。所以选A。 (4)考查主旨大意。全文讲述了一位双目失明的工人Lenwood，凭借自己的训练有素、敏感的双手敏锐地捕捉到编织吊床过程的每一步，编织中过程甚至是经验丰富的织工也会出错，而Lenwood展示了一个个完美的吊床产品，创造了吊床编织的奇迹。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生在准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.

The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly.\" It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed,\" he adds.

Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle.

The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.

In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.

Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack \"is built around safety from the start\". In his words, “Reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.

The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute that would be used, if there should be an emergency. \"It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot,\" he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.

（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike .

A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to l, 000 meters high

C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed

（2）Peter Coker uses the example of Formula One racing car to show that . A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful

C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height

（3）The underlined word \"It\" in the last paragraph refers to .

A. the jet stream B. the engine C. the Jetpack. D. the parachute （4）What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?

A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles. B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.

C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles. D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles. 【答案】（1）D （2）A （3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多人梦想可以像骑自行车一样飞。然而会飞的自行车安全性是一个问题。文章介绍了英国公司开发的一种会飞的自行车，以及其特点，比如有一些会飞的自行车带有降落伞的装置。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed”, 可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于Formula One赛车。故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude ….”Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute “降落伞” 故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Weighing too much can damage your health, and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world. Sleep might be one answer to the problem. A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.

Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had a tough time determining \"which came first, the chicken or the egg,\" says Julie C. Lumeng of the university of Michigan in Ann Arbor. In other words, it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios (可能出现的情况) seemed equally possible.

To get a better idea of which causes which, Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States. The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year. Three years later, the parents answered the same questions. By sixth grade, 18percent of kids involved in the study were obese.

The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender. It also didn't matter how strict their parents were, or whether they were boys or girls. Obesity struck all of these groups equally. Instead, sleep seemed to be the key factor. Over the three years of study, the children averaged a healthy 9. 5 hours of sleep a night. Some kids, however, slept a lot more or less than others.

For the sixth graders, every hour of sleep above the 9. 5houraverage was linked to a 20 percent lower risk of being obese. Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders. Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity. （1）What does the underlined sentence on paragraph 2 imply?

A. Scientists have found the exact causes of children's obesity. B. There is always something difficult to understand through theory

C. The cause–effect relationship between weight and sleep isn't clear. D. A person's weight

has something to do with the amount of his sleep. （2）What did the interview find out?

A. 9.5 hours of sleep a night is enough for children. B. The more a child sleeps, the healthier he will be.

C. Sixth graders need much more sleep than third graders. D. One's race or gender has nothing to do with his weight.

（3）How does the author develop the passage?

A. By listing figures B. By comparing different opinions C. By providing examples D. By conducting a survey （4）What is the suitable title for the passage?

A. The benefits of enough sleep for children B. Sleeping less increases the risk of obesity C. Which comes first, little sleep or obesity D. How many hours of sleep do children need? 【答案】（1）C （2）D （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现，睡眠过少的小学生更容易发胖。

（1）考查句义猜测。划线句表示的字面意思是“先有鸡还是先有蛋”，结合上下文的内容可知，文章引用这句话是为了表明“是睡眠少导致了肥胖还是肥胖导致了睡眠少”这个问题还没有定论。第二段中的“In other words, it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios (可能出现的情况) seemed equally possible.”是解题的关键提示信息。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender.”可知，面试的结果是一个人的种族或性别与他的体重没有任何关系。故选D。

（3）考查写作手法。本文介绍了一项研究，并列举了很多同该研究相关的数据。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.”可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，睡眠少会增加肥胖的概率。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，写作手法和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

The Mokoko tribe (部落) lived on the wrong side of the island of two faces. The two sides, separated by a great cliff (悬崖), were like night and day. The good side was watered by rivers and was filled with trees and abundant food, while on the wrong side there was hardly any water or plants, and wild beasts crowded together. The Mokoko had the misfortune of having always lived there, with no way to cross to the other side. Their life was hard and they lived in permanent

terror of the beasts.

Along the edge of the cliff separating the two sides, a skinny but strong tree grew, with which they could build two poles. There was no doubt that the tribe would choose the great chief and doctor to use the poles. But when the two of them were given their chance to make the jump, they didn't dare to. They thought that the pole could break or it would not be long enough. They put so much energy into these thoughts that they gave in.

But into that tribe were born Nam and Ariki, a pair of young hearts. One day, they decided to take up the poles. Nobody stopped them, but everyone did try to discourage them, trying to present how dangerous the jumping was, using a thousand explanations. \"And what if what they say is true?\" wondered the young Naru.

\"Don't worry. I am a bit scared too, but it doesn't look so difficult,\" replied Ariki, ever determined.

\"But if it goes wrong, it will be a terrible end,\" continued Naru, undecided.

\"Perhaps the jump will go badly. But staying forever on this side of the island surely won't work out well either.\"

\"You're right. Let's do it tomorrow.\"

And on the next day, Naru and Ariki jumped to the good side of the island. When taking up the poles, while feeling their desire, the fear hardly allowed them to breathe. And while flying through the air, helpless and without support, they felt that something must have gone wrong and death awaited them. But when they landed on the other side, they thought the jump really hadn't been so bad after all.

（1）What situation were the Mokoko faced with?

A. They lived a difficult life without fearing the beasts. B. They suffered a lot due to the terrible environment.

C. They had easy access to the good side. D. They were surrounded by trees and rivers. （2）How did the chief and doctor feel when they were chosen?

A. Frightened. B. Energetic. C. Desperate. D. Satisfied.

（3）What's the tribe members' reaction when Nam and Ariki decided to take up the poles? A. The members desired to follow their steps. B. The members tried to prevent the behaviour.

C. The members convinced them of the danger. D. The members encouraged them to have a try.

（4）What can we infer about Naru and Ariki?

A. They overcame difficulty with courage and determination. B. They felt relaxed in the whole process of making the jump.

C. They never doubted the difficulty in making the jump. D. They hesitated to make the jump over and over again. 【答案】（1）B （2）A （3）C （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个岛被大的悬崖分成完全不同的两部分，好的一面有水有树食物充足而另一面几乎没水没植物，野兽聚集。这个部落正好位于条件很恶劣的一面。讲述了Nam 和Ariki不畏艰险用勇气和决心克服了困难来到了岛的好的一面。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The Mokoko tribe (部落) lived on the wrong side of the island of two faces. The two sides, separated by a great cliff (悬崖), were like night and day. ---The Mokoko had the misfortune of having always lived there, with no way to cross to the other side. Their life was hard and they lived in permanent terror of the beasts.”可知，由于可怕的环境他们遭受了很多。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“There was no doubt that the tribe would choose the great chief and doctor to use the poles. But when the two of them were given their chance to make the jump, they didn't dare to”可知，首领和医生被选上时他们感到害怕。故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“They thought that the pole could break or it would not be long enough. They put so much energy into these thoughts that they gave in.”可知，成员确信他们是危险的。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据两个人的的对话“ And what if what they say is true?\" wondered the young Naru. Don't worry I am a bit scared too, but it doesn't look so difficult, replied ariki, ever determined. \"Perhaps the jump will go badly. But staying forever on this side of the island surely won't work out well either. \"You're right. Let's do it tomorrow.\"和文章最后一句 But when they landed on the other side, they thought the jump really hadn't been so bad after all”可知,他们用勇气和决心克服了困难。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Castle Dale is a small town in central Utah. My grandpa's farm is a few miles to the north. I grew up there. Milking a cow, feeding the chickens and cutting firewood were daily routines. Grandpa had me carrying a broom to do snow cleaning when it was actually taller than I was. This was the work kids like me learned to do at a young age.

I was tall, very tall at a really young age. My unusual height caused people to look, ask questions, laugh, tease, and sometimes even challenge me to fight. I was teased cruelly as a kid. It wasn't fair, I knew, but that was just the way it was. Luckily, I was taught at a very young age a very important lesson. I am different and that's Okay—I'm unique and I matter. No one could ever take that away from me. I knew this then, and I know this now. That alone helped me through the frustrations and heartaches of normal life.

When I was in junior high school, I realized something else that helped me cope. Most teasing came from one of two places—people who were either jealous or ignorant (愚昧). I couldn't change the way they were, but I could change the way I felt. I was not going to feel bad because of their ignorance or jealousy. It wasn't worth it. Realizing this didn't stop them, or change the fact that these comments hurt. It did, however, give me a way to understand these people and deal with their treatment in a way that was okay for me.

These things still happen today. It will probably happen the rest of my life. I will always be 7 feet, 6 inches (2.29 meters) tall. I wouldn't change that for anything. People will always look because it is not every day that you see someone that tall. I learned that at a young age and I now try to teach my own children that they are unique and they matter. That is the message I give to you. Regardless of your race, religion, background, or circumstances ... Being different is okay.

（1）The author mentioned his hometown to show us _______. A. he is from an ordinary family B. his grandpa is strict with him C. he loves this lovely small town D. he had to do a lot of labor work （2）The author was often teased because _______.

A. he grew up in a small town B. he was much taller than others C. he fought with people easily D. he didn't want people to watch him （3）What was the author's attitude towards being teased?

A. He accepted the fact of being different and let it go. B. He felt angry failing to change others' opinions.

C. He felt hurt hearing people's negative comments. D. He hated people's ignorance and jealousy.

（4）Which of the following may best describe the theme of the passage? A. Everything comes to the man who waits. B. It is the first step that is troublesome. C. Speech is silver, silence is gold. D. Keep your head up. 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从小到大由于身高的特殊性受到了很多嘲笑和欺辱，但是作者并未此而感到沮丧．反而认识到不管一个人的种族、宗教、背景或者所处的环境如何，与众不同也是一种生活态度。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ Castle Dale is a small town in central Utah”Castle Dale是“我”的家乡，然后介绍了“我”在祖父的农场长大每天做了很多杂事：给奶牛挤奶，喂鸡、砍柴火等；暗示出从小我来自于一个普通的家庭，并没有表现出特殊的地方。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“My unusual height caused people to look，ask questions，laugh，tease，and sometimes even challenge me to fight．”提到“我”从小身高特别高经常受到周围人的嘲笑。故案选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I am different and that's Okay—I'm unique and I matter. No one could ever take that away from me. I knew this then, and I know this now. “可知“我”自小虽然与众不同，但是从内心接受自己．以及最后一段中的“Regardless of your race, religion, background, or circumstances ... Being different is okay. ”可知，“我”走自己的路让别人说去吧！故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。从整篇文章内容来看，主要描述“我”从小到大由于身高的原因而与众

不同，并受到周围人的取笑。但是“我”并为此感到自卑和沮丧，反而勇敢的接受自己并乐观地积极面对。Keep your head up．“把头抬起来”形象描述了“我”的心理状态，符合题意。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital(婚姻的)status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu(印度教的)religion. The dot goes by different names in different Hindi dialects, and “bindi\" is the one that is most commonly known. Traditionally, the dot carries no gender restriction Men as well as women wear it. However, the tradition of men wearing it has faded in recent times, so nowadays we see a lot more women than men wearing one.

The position of the bindi is standard center of the forehead, close to the eyebrows. It represents a third, or inner eye. Hindu tradition holds that all people have three eyes The two outer ones are used for seeing the outside world, and the third one is there to focus inward toward God. As such, the dot means piety(虔诚)and serves as a constant reminder to keep God in the front of a believer's thou ghts.

Red is the traditional color of the dot. It is said that in ancient times a man would place a drop of blood between his wife's eyes to seal their marriage. According to Hindu beliefs, the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple. Today, people go with different colors depending upon their preferences. Women often wear dots that match the color of their clothes. Decorative of sticker bindis come in all sizes, colors and variations, and can be worn by young and old, married and unmarried people alike. Wearing a bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.

（1）Why did people in India start wearing a red dot on their forehead? A.To stress their family background. B.To indicate their social rank. C.To show their religious belief. D.To display their financial status.

（2）What is the function of the third eye in Hindu tradition? A.To help the other eyes see better. B.To look to the distance. C.To see the outside world. D.To pay respect to God.

（3）Why was red chosen as the original color of the bindi? A.The word \"bindi\" means \"red\" in some Hindi dialects. B.Red was believed to be a lucky color for husband and wife. C.The red dot represented the blood of God. D.Red stood for a wife's love for her husband.

（4）Which of the following statements is true about bindis today?

A.Bindis are now used to make people look better. B.Bindis are worn anywhere on the face now. C.Most Indian women do not wear bindis anymore. D.More men than women wear bindis in India. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大多数印度女人的眉毛中间都戴着红点，这种做法主要与印度教有关，它代表的是第三只眼，可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。现在眉心红点更多的是作为装饰品使用。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital（婚姻的）status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu（印度教的）religion.”在印度，大多数女性的眉毛上都有一个红点。虽然这通常被认为是他们婚姻状况的一个指标，但这种做法主要与印度教有关。可知这种做法主要与印度教有关，所以印度人前额戴红点是展示他们的宗教信仰。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段可知，印度传统上认为人有第三只眼。以及“As such，the dot serves as a constant reminder to keep God inthe front of a believer's thoughts．”因此，点作为一个持续的提醒，以保持神在信徒的思想面前。所以第三眼在印度教传统中的重要性是要尊重上帝。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“According to Hindu beliefs，the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple．”可知，根据印度教的信仰，红色被认为能为已婚的夫妇带来好运。故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Decorative or sticker bindis come in all sizes，colorsand variations，and can be worn by young and old，married and unmarried people alike．Wearinga bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.” 装饰物或贴纸贴纸有各种尺寸、颜色和变化，年轻人和老年人、已婚人士和未婚人士都可以佩戴。佩戴宾蒂帽与其说是一种宗教习俗，不如说是一种时尚宣言。可知，眉心红点现在更多的被用作装饰品。故选A．

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 So many of us hold on to little resentments that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, or some other painful event. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us—believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.

An acquaintance of mine, whose health isn't very good, recently told me that she hadn't spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement

about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she resisted initially and said, \"I can't do that. He's the one who should apologize.\" She was literally willing to die before reaching out to her only son. After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins.

Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn \"small stuff\" into really \"big stuff\" in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn't mean that you're wrong. Everything will be fine. You'll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right.

You'll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be \"right,\" they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But if for some reason they don't, that's okay too. You'll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you'll be more peaceful yourself.

（1）The underlined word \"rekindle\" in Paragraph 1 probably means \"____________\". A. recover B. develop C. accept D. replace （2）According to the passage, the author's friend never spoke to her son for three years because ____________.

A. she had got an argument with her daughter-in-law B. she had disagreed about her son's marriage

C. she had got an argument about her daughter-in-law D. she had disliked her son's wife for many years

（3）Which of the following is NOT the reason for people to be unwilling to apologize first? A. People believe that they are always right. B. People always wait for others to offer an apology first.

C. People consider the position more important than happiness. D. People want to get an inner satisfaction.

（4）The purpose of the passage is to ____________.

A. instruct the readers how to apologize B. teach the readers how to gain inner peace C. inform the readers the importance of being forgiving D. tell the readers to reach out first when there are painful events. 【答案】（1）A （2）C （3）D （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了面对与人们的矛盾时，不要执着于怨恨，伸出你的手来化解它，学会首先向别人道歉，让别人是对的，这并不意味着你是错的。 （1）考查词义猜测。第一段中的“Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us—believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.”固执

地说，我们等着别人来找我们——相信这是我们能够原谅或重新点燃友谊或家庭关系的唯一途径。可知rekindle是“恢复”之意，选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first.”她说她和她儿子对他的妻子意见不和，她不会再和他说话除非他先打电话。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy.”我们开始相信我们的地位比我们的幸福更重要。其实不然，如果你想成为一个更爱好和平的人，就必须明白“正确”几乎永远也不会比让自己快乐更重要。可知A、B、C三项都是人们不愿首先道歉的原因，故选D。

（4）考查写作意图。纵观全文可知，本文探讨了面对与人们的矛盾时，应该做主动言和的那个人，这样才能消除心中的怨恨，并且获得幸福，因此本文的目的是告诉读者在发生痛苦的事情时要先主动道歉，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Anyone can try to lead a group, but not every individual is cut out for leadership. The better leaders possess a few qualities that can mean the difference between the success and failure of the group. These are the qualities the leader of higher rank will look for when choosing a leader for a group, or when evaluating the performance of a leader. They're also the qualities team members want in a group leader, and appreciate when they find them. Take Responsibility

Group leaders might share tasks around a group as necessary, but eventually a group leader needs to be able to accept that responsibility lies on his shoulders. That means that if things go wrong in a group project, he's the one who must accept the consequences and work out what mistakes are made. The group leader won't always have the power to control everything group members do, but he should be ready to admit any mistakes the group has made as a result of his leadership

Concern for Members

The group leader has a commitment to the task or project at hand, but perhaps more importantly, he has a real concern for each and every person who is part of his group. This means getting to know the strengths, weaknesses and goals of team members, as well as making time to build the group through collective activities. The group leader should make sure that everyone is included, even if an individual is new to a group. Good Listener

The group leader needs to be able to listen to the suggestions, complaints and ideas of group members. Not only will this allow complaints to be addressed and potentially suitable ideas to be put into practice, but a leader who listens will also encourage group members to share their

concerns and thoughts, creating an atmosphere of free speech and productivity. （1）The passage is mainly about____________.

A. choosing a good leader for a group. B. assessing the performance of a leader. C. team members' appreciation of a leader. D. qualities of a good group leader. （2）A good leader should always be able to_______.

A. tell when things go wrong in a group project. B. recognize any mistakes as his own. C. make group members admit their mistakes. D. control everything group members do. （3）According to \"Concerns for members\ A. fair B. reliable C. determined D. generous （4）Which of the following is not a benefit of the group leader being a good listener? A. Offering a chance for group members to express themselves freely. B. Making it possible to deal with group members' complaints.

C. Allowing the leader to put his ideas into practice. D. Making group members productive by sharing their thoughts. 【答案】（1）D （2）B （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了关于好的领导所应具备的能力和品质的：责任心、关爱和善于倾听。

（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“These are the qualities the leader of higher rank will look for when choosing a leader for a group, or when evaluating the performance of a leader. They're also the qualities team members want in a group leader, and appreciate when they find them.”可知本文主要介绍了领袖人物所要具有的品质，同样这些品质也是团队成员想在领袖身上看见的。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The group leader won't always have the power to control everything group members do, but he should be ready to admit any mistakes the group has made as a result of his leadership.”可知作为团队领袖，应该愿意接受成员所犯的错误，并愿意把这些错误当成是由于自己的原因造成的。故选B项。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The group leader should make sure that everyone is included, even if an individual is new to a group.”可知领袖要确保团队里所有人都参与活动，包括新人在内。也就是说要保持公平的态度。故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Not only will this allow complaints to be addressed and potentially suitable ideas to be put into practice, but a leader who listens will also encourage group members to share their concerns and thoughts, creating an atmosphere of free speech and productivity.”可知ABD三项都是领袖人物善于倾听带来的好处，只有C项没有提及，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

“Years ago when I was at the Grand Canyon, I remembered someone coming up to the canyon's edge, taking a shot with a camera and then walking away, like 'got it – done', barely even glancing at the magnificent scene in front of him,” Linda Henkel, a scientist at Fairfield University, US told Live Science.

Henkel was surprised by how obsessed (痴迷的) people are with taking pictures these days - before dinner, during friends' birthday parties, on museum tours and so on.

They keep taking pictures because they think that it helps record the moment, but as Henkel's latest study has just found out, this obsession may prevent their brains remembering what actually happened, reported The Guardian.

In her study, Henkel led a group of college students around a museum and asked them to simply observe 15 objects and photograph 15 others. The next day the students' memory of the tour was tested, and the results showed that they were less accurate in recognizing the objects and they remembered fewer details about them if they photographed them.

''When people rely on technology to remember them — counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully themselves, it can have a negative impact on how well they remember their experiences,” Henkel explained.

But there is also an exception: if students zoomed in to photograph part of an object, their memory actually improved, and those who focused the lens (镜头) on a specific area could even recall parts that weren't in the frame.

So basically, this study is saying that constantly taking pictures can harm your memory. But shouldn't reviewing pictures we have taken help wake up our memories? This is true, but only if we spend enough time doing it.

“In order to remember, we have to access and interact with the photos, rather than just collect them,” Henkel told The Telegraph. However, previous research has shown that most people never take the time to look over their digital pictures simply because there are too many of them and they aren't usually very organized on their computers.

（1）Why did the author mention Henkel's trip to the Grand Canyon at the beginning? A. To complain about some tourists' bad habits. B. To give suggestions on how to enjoy one's tour.

C. To point out people's obsession with taking pictures. D. To describe the beautiful view of the Grand Canyon.

（2）What can we learn from Henkel's study?

A. Reviewing pictures always helps people bring back memories easily. B. Taking pictures in a museum tour helps students recognize objects better.

C. People should spend more time taking pictures than studying real objects. D. Pictures focusing on the details of objects probably improve people's memories.

（3）The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to “________”. A. the camera B. technology C. the event D. an object （4）What is the article mainly about?

A. People's obsession with taking pictures and its influence. B. Possible ways of using

pictures to improve one's memory.

C. Great harm to memory caused by taking pictures constantly. D. A believable study into the negative impact of lining cameras often. 【答案】（1）C （2）D （3）C （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人们都有拍照的喜好，拍照有助于我们记忆。但是如果我们只是简单地记录下来，而不去欣赏的话，也就没有什么意义，还不如不去拍照。 (1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Henkel was surprised by how obsessed (着迷的) people are with taking pictures these days – before dinner, during friends birthday parties, on museum tours and so on.”可知，在文中提到Henkel对人们执迷于拍照的惊讶，以此来说明一种现象：人们执迷于拍照的现象。故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“But there is also an exception: if students zoomed (缩放) in to photograph part of an object, their memory actually improved”可知，在拍照时，如果只关注某个细节，可能有助于他们记忆的提高。故选D。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“When people rely on technology to remember them 一 counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully themselves” 前面说人们要依靠技术来记住它们时，要依靠照相机来记录事件，那么就完全不需要关注这个事件了。可知，本句是说如果你要用相机来记录事件，就不需要来关注这个它（事件）。故选C。

(4)考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述现代人痴迷于拍照，是因为拍照有助于记录某一时刻，但不利于他们的记忆。如果放大拍摄对象或拍下来后再欣赏的话就有助于记忆或回忆。即本文主要介绍痴迷拍照及其影响。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Last year, when our three-year-old great-granddaughter Kylie was taken to see Santa Claus, she made sure to give him her wish list of toys. A week later, she ran into a different Santa in a mall. He stopped to ask what she wanted for Christmas. Kylie was surprised and let him know: “If you can't remember what I told you last week, how are you going to remember on Christmas Eve?” Mary Paul, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

As my son Mike and I drove to the mall, we passed a Salvation Army Santa ringing his bell. “Mike,” I said, “there's Santa!” He shook his head. “That's just some guy in a Santa suit,” he said. It saddened me to think that maybe my son no longer believed in Santa, and we drove the rest of the way in silence. At the mall, we spotted another Santa greeting young believers. Suddenly, Mike took off toward him. Turning back to me, he shouted. “Now, there's the real Santa!”

Michael E. Fahey, Huntley, Illinois

We immigrated to America from China when I was six. Because I was shy and didn't speak English, I had few friends. My days were spent at home with my brother. Sometimes we'd help our neighbor Mr. Mueller pull weeds. One Christmas Day, there was a knock at the door. Grandma opened it, and there stood a big fellow in red with a snow-white beard, laughing, “Ho, ho, ho!” He handed out presents and made us laugh. I had so much fun. It was years later when I learned that our special Santa was our neighbor Mr. Mueller. Joanne Tang, Litchfield Park, Arizona

（1）Why was Kylie surprised when running into a different Santa?

A. Because she got what she wished. B. Because she knew who the Santa was. C. Because she wished to get another toy. D. Because she thought they were the same Santa. （2）What would Mike's parent feel as to Mike's different attitudes towards Santa? A. Angry. B. Sad. C. Confused. D. Understandable. （3）What did Mr. Mueller do on Christmas Day?

A. He stood outside our house. B. He gave out gifts by acting as Santa. C. He continued to pull weeds. D. He stayed with us in our home. 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了三个人的圣诞节经历。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A week later, she ran into a different Santa in a mall. He stopped to ask what she wanted for Christmas. Kylie was surprised and let him know: ‘If you can't remember what I told you last week, how are you going to remember on Christmas Eve?!’”可知，当Kylie遇到另一个圣诞老人时，她感到很惊讶，因为她认为他们是同一个圣诞老人。故选D。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“That's just some guy in a Santa suit,” he said. It saddened me to think that maybe my son no longer believed in Santa, and we drove the rest of the way in silence. At the mall, we spotted another Santa greeting young believers. Suddenly, Mike took off toward him. Turning back to me, he shouted. ‘Now, there's the real Santa!’”可知，迈克遇到一个圣诞老人，他认为这个只是穿着圣诞老人的一个人而已；但在商场，碰到另一个圣诞老人，他却认为这个是真的，所以推知父母对迈克对圣诞老人的态度感到疑惑。故选C。 (3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“He handed out presents and made us laugh. I had so much fun. It was years later when I learned that our special Santa was our neighbor Mr. Mueller.”可知，在圣诞节Mr. Mueller以圣诞老人的身份送出礼物。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

14．阅读理解

Two young giant-panda twins born in the United States have returned home to China, but are

straggling to adapt to the language and food.

The 3-year-old sisters, Mei Lun and Mei Huan, wens the first surviving panda twins to be born in the United States, and were returned to China from Zoo Atlanta on Nov. 5. But the pair still understand English belter than Chinese, and prefer American biscuits to Chinese bread. A zoo-keeper said that his main concern is that the pair are so addicted to American biscuits that everything they eat — from bamboos to apples — has to be mixed with biscuits. They even want to snack on (零食) biscuits when drinking water.

The zoo -keeper is trying to wean them off their biscuit habit, gradually replacing the American food with Chinese bread. Mei Huan is adapting, but Mei Lun doesn't want to touch the unfamiliar bread.

Mei Lun is the livelier of the two, often jumping onto the roof and hanging upside down from a rail, but her slightly younger sister Mei Huan is calmer, preferring to sit still, observe her new environment and occasionally snack on bamboo.

A language barrier is also reported. While the pair respond to their own names, and understand some English phrases such as “come here,” they don't understand the Sichuan dialect of Chinese.

The news caused some laughter on Chinese social media, with some users commenting that the pandas would soon get used to Sichuan's famously spicy cuisine. （1）Based on the passage, which statement do you think is right?

A. The panda twins can fit in well in Sichuan. B. The panda twins are only fond of Sichuan food and dishes.

C. The panda twins have been used to the new environment very quickly. D. It's hard for the panda twins to get used to the new environment soon.

（2）What does the underlined part “wean them off” in the fourth paragraph mean? A. help them get rid of. B. help them form. C. help them strengthen. D. help them keep. （3）From the passage we learn that of the two sisters .

A. Mei Huan mainly eats bamboo B. Mei Lun is living a more active life C. Mei Huan is not smarter than Mei Lun D. Mei Lun is as quiet as her younger sister 【答案】（1）D （2）A （3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在美国出生的两只双胞胎大熊猫回国了，但是却不适应国内的饮食和语言，令饲养员很担心。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“but are struggling to adapt to the language and food”可知，这对双胞胎熊猫回国后适应语言和食物都很费力、困难，尤其是后面的2,3,4段更细节地描述了适应这个新环境的困难。故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“gradually replacing the American food with Chinese bread”逐渐地用中国面包（馒头）代替美国食物，故前一句“The zoo-keeper is trying to wean them off their biscuit habit”的意思肯定是饲养员正试图让他们戒掉吃美国饼干的习惯，故此处的wean them off就可以断定为“去除”的意思，选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Mei Lun is the livelier of the two, often jumping onto the roof and hanging upside down from a rail, but her slightly younger sister Mei Huan is calmer, preferring to sit still”可知，美轮更充满活力一点，喜欢上蹿下跳地玩耍，美奂则更安静点，喜欢静坐，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生在捕捉细节信息同时，需根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，选出正确答案。

15．阅读理解

Tired of Neck Pain? We are proud to offer a gadget- Neck Massager- that will relieve your back and neck pain instantly! How does Neck Massager work?

The reason why Neck Massager is so effective is definitely its innovative, scientific, time-tested methods that it uses to target the aching areas of your body and bring you long-awaited relief. Not only does this well-designed device reduce pain and tension, but also it improves your mood and overall health! Only the 2 AAA batteries will make sure that you can use it whenever tension strikes!

People are already enjoying the benefits of Neck Massager:

Whenever I use it, I instantly feel happier and more relaxed, so the effect really lasts. Neck Massager is not my small pleasure-it's a big one! - Sandra Reames

I'm not so good with tech, so I was nervous about figuring out how to use it, but this device is so simple to use that even someone like me had absolutely no problem. I have started to sleep better as well, and that was one of the most surprising benefits of the Neck Massager!- Pat Sullivan How much is it?

Compared to all the medical expenses and other alternatives, Neck Massager is definitely worth a try. It's now available 50% OFF, which means you're able to get it for only £46! No pills, no doctor appointments, no wasted time-you can now feel great in your own home! IMPORTANT INFORMATION! \"As of February 12, 2020, you can still get a Neck Massager with DISCOUNT!\"

（1）What makes Neck Massager so effective? A.Its working methods. B.Its well-designed look. C.The 2 AAA batteries. D.The long working time.

（2）What does Pat Sullivan think of the device? A.It is light. B.It is oversized. C.It is simple to use. D.It is safe to operate.

（3）How much will you have to pay if you buy one in March,2020? A.£23. B.£46. C.£69. D.£92.

【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款能够缓解背部和颈部疼痛的按摩器——Neck Massager，介绍了其工作方法、用户评价以及价格等信息。

（1）考查细节理解。根据How does Neck Massager work?部分中的“The reason why Neck Massager is so effective is definitely its innovative, scientific, time-tested methods that it uses to target the aching areas of your body and bring you long-awaited relief.”颈部按摩之所以如此有效的原因无疑是它的创新、科学、久经考验的方法，它可以针对你身体疼痛的部位，给你带来期待已久的缓解，可知，Neck Massager的工作方法让它非常有效果。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据People are already enjoying the benefits of Neck Massager部分中的“I'm not so good with tech, so I was nervous about figuring out how to use it, but this device is so simple to use that even someone like me had absolutely no problem.”我对技术不是很在行，所以我对如何使用它感到很紧张，但是这个设备使用起来很简单，即使是像我这样的人也完全没有问题，可知，Pat Sullivan认为这个设备使用起来很简单。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据How much is it?部分中的“It's now available 50% OFF, which means you're able to get it for only £46!”现在有五折优惠，这意味着你只需花46英镑就能买到它！可知，如果你在2020年3月买一台，你要付46/50%=92英镑。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

16．阅读理解

Michele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is offering free books to children in exchange for plastic bottles to recycle.

Michele owns Ex Libris Cafe in Polla, a small town in southern Italy. He said he thought of the recycling program because he wanted to inspire children in the small town to read and pay attention to the environment.

\"My goal is t0 spread the passion and love for books among those people in Italy who do not usually read while at the time helping the environment,\" Gentile explained.

The idea for the initiative (倡议) came after Gentile collaborated with a nearby middle school on an aluminum recycling project. Working together, the schoolchildren and Gentile collected enough cans to purchase books for an entire classroom. His new program too off from there and has already spread into northern Italy: Gentile's hopes his work will continue to make headlines and become a worldwide initiative.

The free books come from customers in Gentile's shop who have donated money to purchase a \"suspended\" book. The idea comes from a World War II practice in which customers would buy two Coffees: one for themselves and another for the next person in line. Gentile has been using the extra books as part of his recycling initiative,

While Gentile's program is a great way to recycle and get kids to read, it also brings awareness to the growing problem of plastic waste. Single-use plastics make up around 26 percent of all the plastics in the world, only 14 percent of which are recycled. Plastics that end up in landfills take around 500 years to decompose (分解), is a major concern for environmentalists.

Cutting down on plastic waste is important if we want to better the environment for future generations, and recycling programs like Gentile's book giveaway are a great way to meet that goal.

（1）What is the purpose of Gentile's book giveaway? A.To sell more coffee and books. B.To attract more customers. C.To collect money for a new project. D.To inspire reading and recycling.

（2）How did Gentile come up with the idea? A.Working with a school to recycle cans. B.Seeing school kids don't like reading. C.Donating books for a local school. D.Buying a “suspended” book for a child. （3）Who pay for the books of the project? A.The local government. B.Gentile himself. C.Some publishers. D.His customers.

（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.An Italian's Reading Initiative B.Recycling Can Get Kids Free Books

C.Michele's Way of Doing Business D.A New Way to Deal with Plastic Waste 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，意大利书商Michele Gentile发起了一项“拿瓶换书”的活动，只要孩子们拿一个塑料瓶和一个铝罐就可以跟他换一本书，以此来鼓励孩子们阅读和环保。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He said he thought of the recycling program, because he wanted to inspire children in the small town to read and pay attention to the environment. ”他说他想到了环保的项目，他想启发和鼓励这个小镇的孩子们阅读和关注环保)可知，Michele的目的是鼓励和启发孩子们阅读和环保。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The idea for the initiative (倡议) came after Gentile collaborated with a nearby middle school on an aluminum recycling project. ”这个倡议的想法是在和附近的一个中学合作铝回收项目之后产生的，可知，和一所中学合作铝回收的项目让Michele有了这个想法。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The free books come from customers in Gentile's shop who have donated money to purchase a ''suspended\" book. ”这些免费图书来自于Gentile书店的顾客，他们捐钱买了一本“暂停使用”的书，可知，书店的顾客为图书付了钱。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Michele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is offering free books to children in exchange for plastic bottles to recycle. ”一位名叫Michele Gentile的书商正在为孩子们提供可回收的塑料瓶可以换得的免费书籍，可知，本文主要讲述Michele Gentile让孩子通过可回收利用的塑料瓶来换免费书籍的故事。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

17．阅读理解

\"Do you like my dress?\" She asked of a passing stranger. \"My mommy made it just for me.\" She said with a tear in her eye.

\"Well, I think it's very pretty, so, why are you crying?\"

With a tremble in her voice the little girl answered. \"After mommy made me this dress, she had to go away.\"

\"Well, now,\" said the lady, \"with a little girl like you waiting for her, I'm sure she'll be right back.\"

\"No Ma'am, you don't understand,\" said the child through her tears, \"my daddy said she's up in heaven now with Grandfather.\"

The woman realized what the child meant, and why she was crying. Kneeling down she gently gathered the child into her arms and together they cried for the mommy that was gone. As the woman intended to go, the little girl grabbed her sleeve, pointing to a spot on her dress, saying,

\"Here is where my mommy kissed my dress, and here,\" pointing to another spot, \"and here is another kiss, and here, and here. Mommy said that she put all those kisses on my dress so that I would have her kisses whenever I cry.\"

Then the lady realized that she wasn't just looking at a dress, she was looking at a mother who knew that she was going away and would not be there to kiss away the hurts that she knew her daughter would get. So she took all the love she had for her little girl and put them into this dress. She no longer saw a little girl in a simple dress. She saw a child wrapped in her mother's love. （1）Why did the little girl cry when she showed her dress to the stranger?

A. Because she didn't think the dress was beautiful enough. B. Because her mom abandoned her after she made the dress.

C. Because her mom passed away and she can't see her any more. D. Because her mom left home to travel with her grandfather.

（2）Mom put the spots on her daughter's dress to __________.

A. ensure that her daughter could remember her B. kiss her whenever she cries

C. make her look more beautiful and lovely D. help her daughter carry through difficult times （3）It could be inferred from the passage that ____________.

A. the woman was deeply touched by what the mom had done B. the mom was cruel enough to leave her daughter behind

C. the little girl didn't care about her mom any longer D. the mom kissed the skirt here and there to comfort her daughter

（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. A kind woman. B. A lovely girl. C. Not a simple dress. D. A great mom. 【答案】（1）C （2）D （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个女人遇到一个搭讪的孩子，她的母亲已经死去，却给孩子留下的一份特殊的礼物：一条充满着爱的裙子。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“my daddy said she's up in heaven now with Grandfather”可知，小女孩的母亲已经去世了。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Mommy said that she put all those kisses on my dress so that I would have her kisses whenever I cry. ”可知，妈妈为了帮助孩子度过人生中会哭的时候，即可以引申为度过难关。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Then the lady realized that she wasn't just looking at a dress, she was looking at a mother who knew that she was going away and would not be there to kiss away the hurts that she knew her daughter would get. So she took all the love she had for her little girl and put them into this dress.”可知，女人深感裙子里蕴含的深意，并为之感动。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文从头到尾都围绕小女孩身上的裙子而展开，并且结尾处进行裙子意义的深化。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

18．阅读理解

Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts. Now, the Emoji-quake campaign is lobbying for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode set — the standard group of icons available on digital devices worldwide. The campaign aims to find an earthquake-appropriate design to be submitted to Unicode.

\"Approximately up to one third of the world's population are exposed to earthquakes,\" explains University of Southampton seismologist (地震学家) Dr. Stephen Hicks, a founder of the campaign. \"So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.\"

Unlike many other weather and climate related events, where longer warning times or visible signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring. Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices and broadcast media. \"You may have seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself,\" explains Dr. Hicks. \"That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.\"

Pictographs (象形文字) and other visuals like emoji have a track record of being faster and easier to understand than written information. Dr. Sara McBride, a communications specialist, who is also part of the campaign, told BBC News, \"Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages, helping communicate valuable information to people who may struggle to read a certain language.\"

The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes. A team of designers also came up with emerji—an entire set of emoji dedicated to climate and environmental events.

（1）According to the passage, why did the campaign choose earthquakes as their target? A. Because earthquakes threaten many people in different regions. B. Because earthquakes are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.

C. Because earthquakes are not difficult to measure while occurring. D. Because earthquakes are the most destructive disasters in the world.

（2）Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase \"lobby for\" in the first paragraph？

A. Hope for. B. Enter for. C. Appeal for. D. Run for. （3）What can we infer from Dr. Sara McBride's words about emoji?

A. Emoji benefits people with reading disability a lot. B. Emoji is being used to convey valuable information.

C. Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages. D. Emoji is a universal language and helpful tool in communication.

（4）The best title of the passage should be ___________________. A. Could an emoji save our life? B. What can emoji do in our life? C. How is emoji changing our life? D. Do we really know about emoji? 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。该运动的创始人对此做出解释，试图说明地震表情是一种通用的语言交流工具，有助于挽救生命。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies”以及第三段中的“earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring”可推断出这是因为这地震来的快，让人无法反应，在许多地方威胁至许多多人的生命，故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。这次运动想以地震为目标。第二段和第三段中的地震博士Dr. Hicks对此作出解释，目的就是呼吁大家赞同这个观点。可知选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”及第三段“That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.”可推断出表情符号是一种通用语言，当灾难来临时不需要多说，表情就可以交流，以此在很多情形下可以挽救生命。分析选项可知D项符合题意，因此选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。第一段说表情符号可能不是你在灾难中沟通的第一选择，但研究人员认为还是会有作用的。接着下面讲述了一场以添加地震表情为目标的运动。下面的地震博士Dr. Hicks为此作了很多的解释，想让人们相信表情能挽救生命。Could an emoji save our life?“一个表情能拯救我们的生命吗？”）符合题意，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

19．阅读理解

Butterfly Garden (Permanent Exhibit)

Walk among the free-flying residents of this warm conservatory. It is a wonderful opportunity to get close to a variety of living butterflies from New England and across the globe. The \"Emergence Box\" offers a window into the butterfly behavior. Look inside to see hanging chrysalids (蝶蛹) transform into adult butterflies. Tickets are required and visitors should reserve at least two weeks in advance. A Bird's World (Permanent Exhibit)

This exhibit features the Museum's extraordinary collection of birds, displaying over 300 species found in New England. Here, you can learn to interpret the bird language taking place just

outside your window at home.

Test your observation skills and see if you can get past different birds without them alerting (发信号) other animals to your presence Learn to identify birds from a distance by recognizing unique flight patterns. Practice your flying technique in the Bird Walk. Hall of Human Life (Permanent Exhibit)

Should you have your baby's DNA sequenced? What keeps you awake? Step inside the Hall of Human Life, the Museum's new biology exhibition, and encounter such far-reaching questions on an amazing journey inside the human body. Through digital media and personal interaction, you become \"part of the story', as you contribute your own data in a process of learning and discovery.

BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life (Temporary Exhibit Now Open!)

BODY WORLDS comes to the Museum of Science with a new chapter, Gunther von Hagens' BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life. Don't miss this truly unique opportunity to look within yourself and gain a whole new perspective on what it means to be alive. More than one hundred preserved human specimens reveal the wonders of human development and show how poor health, good health, and lifestyle choices can shape your body. （1）Which exhibit do you need to book in advance? A.Butterfly Garden B.A Bird's World C.Hall of Human Life

D.BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life

（2）What can you do in A Bird's World? A.Improve your own flying technique. B.Communicate with birds in body language. C.Watch digital media showing birds' history. D.See different birds from all over the world.

（3）What is special about BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life? A.It is related to human body. B.It lasts for only a limited time.

C.It is the most visited exhibition in the world. D.It has something to do with the growth of life. 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了波士顿科技馆的四个展览的相关信息。 （1）考查细节理解。根据 Butterfly Carden部分中的“Tickets are required and visitors should reserve at least two weeks in advance.”游客必须购票，并至少提前两周预订。可知，参现Butterfly Garden需要提前预订。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据A Bird's World部分中的“Practice your flying technique in the Bird Walk.”在Bird Walk中练习你的飞行技巧。可知，游客在Bird Walk 活动中提高自己的飞行技能。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据BODY WORIDS & The Cycle of life 部分中的“Temporary Exhibit Now Open!”临时展览现在开始！可知，BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life这个展览不是永久性的，而是临时的。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

20．阅读理解

Assistant Professor in Musical Theatre Dance

Wichita State University seeks a full-time, 9-month assistant professor, beginning in August. Applicants are required to have a degree in dance area, teaching experience at a professional or college level, ability to direct and teach stage movement. The salary depends on qualifications and experience.

For complete information, visit http://finearts. wichita. edu Full Professor in Theatre and Dance

The Department of Theatre & Dance at the University of California at San Diego(http://www theatre. uscd. edu) is seeking an experienced theatre artist in lighting design. Applicants must work for us for at least one year. Significant professional experience is required. This position is expected to teach at both graduate and undergraduate levels.

A review of applications will start on June 1st. Application deadline: September 1st. Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts

DeSales University's Performing and Fine Arts Department seeks a highly skilled, professional technical director. The position is a 10-month staff position with the possibility of summer employment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. Professional experience is required; MFA is preferred.

Please email materials to john.bell@desales.edu. Screening of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled. Assistant Director—Media Resources Center

Maryland Institute College of Art is seeking an Assistant Director of Media Resources Center in the Academic Affairs Division.

Qualification for the position include a degree in Art History or related fields with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent interpersonal communications skills and familiarity with photoshop and scanning.

A review of applications will begin immediately; job announcements will remain open until the position is filled. Applicants are required to work for us at send emails to iobs@mica.edu. The salary differs depending on your experience. Please include your desired salary in your application letter.

（1）What ad may an applicant pay close attention to if he/she has 9.5-month free time? A. Full Professor in Theatre and Dance. B. Assistant Professor in Musical Theatre Dance. C. Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts. D. Assistant Director —Media Resources Center.

（2）Which can you apply to if you have excellent interpersonal communication skills? A. Wichita State University. B. The University of California. C. DeSales University. D. Maryland Institute College of Art. （3）What can we learn from the advertisements? A. All the jobs mentioned in the text require experience. B. All the jobs mentioned above promise a good salary. C. All the reviews of applications will begin immediately.

D. All the job announcements will remain open until the positions are filled. 【答案】（1）B （2）D （3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇应用文，介绍了四个招聘职位以及各个职位的具体要求。 (1)考查细节理解。根据文章内容，第一则广告需要的工作时间是9个月；第二个光告需要工作至少一年；第三个广告需要工作10个月；第四个广告需要工作至少11个月。所以如果你只有9个多月的假期，只能关注第一则广告。故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Qualifications for the position include a degree in Art History or related fields with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent interpersonal and communication skills and familiarity with photoshop and scanning.”可知如果你人际关系好，交流能力强，可以应征Assistant Director— Media Resources Center。故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据本文的四则广告可知，四个招聘广告中都提到需要经验。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。