马拉维：静待开发的投资热土(中英文版) 中国投资非洲版2016年12月号

非洲版2016年12月号

欢迎读者朋友在文末“写留言”处，给我们评论建议，您的观点有机会刊登在下期“编读园地”一栏中，同时本刊将会赠送精美杂志一本。近年来，马拉维政府出台了“一站式中心”等投资便利化举措，制定了吸引外资的优惠政策，努力实现“从援助到贸易”、从“消费、进口国到制造、出口国”的转变。● 非洲的“温暖之心”● 投资兴业的热土● 蓄势待发的中马合作 非洲的“温暖之心”马拉维，对多数国人来说，是一个遥远而陌生的国度。它地处非洲东南部腹地，国土面积118484平方公里，东部紧邻非洲第三大湖——马拉维湖，南、西、北分别与莫桑比克、赞比亚、坦桑尼亚交界，山川秀丽，景色宜人，特别是这里的人民勤劳朴实，热情好客，为马拉维赢得了“非洲温暖之心”的美誉。 马拉维气候温和，雨量适中。即使在滴水不下的旱季，这里也能看到漫山遍野的郁郁葱葱以及望不到边际的湖光山色。每到雨季，马拉维全境都会在悄然间披上绿装，五颜六色的花朵也是争相绽放，美不胜收，与人们想象中炎热、荒凉的非洲大陆印象相去甚远，犹如非洲“世外桃源”。

马拉维有着得天独厚的自然环境和丰富多彩的旅游资源。占国土面积1/5的马拉维湖纵贯南北，湖边风光秀丽，景色迷

人，伫立岸边遥望湖湾水域，微波细浪，茫茫无涯，犹如浮悬在半空之中的瑶池仙境。湖中生物种类十分丰富，淡水鱼种类居世界各大湖泊之冠，其中80%的鱼类种类为特有物种，是旅游者潜水探险的理想胜地。除去风光旖旎的马拉维湖，马拉维境内直冲云霄的姆兰杰山以及星罗棋布的自然保护区和野生动物园，同样无不令人流连忘返。 投资兴业的热土马拉维2015年GDP总量约为65亿美元，人均GDP仅为381美元（世界银行数据），是世界上最不发达国家之一。然而，真正到过马拉维的人会发现，这里的都市车水马龙，这里的人民安居乐业，一派生机勃勃景象。事实上，马拉维虽然基础差，底子薄，但自然条件出众，社会安定团结，未来发展前景十分广阔，是非洲这块“希望的大陆”上一片静待开发的热土。我想，可以用三种颜色来形容马拉维的投资环境和潜力。

第一种颜色是红色。在可预见的将来，马拉维将迎来可观的人口红利。一是总量大，目前马拉维总人口约为1700万，是撒哈拉以南非洲人口最密集的国家之一。二是结构年轻，马全国人口中一半以上不足15岁。三是成本低廉，其基本工资仅为国内的1/10左右。四是城市化进程刚刚起步，未来消费市场发展潜力巨大。只要有人气，生意就能红火，1700万马拉维老百姓是各国投资者的天然宝藏。 此外，马全国40%的土地为可耕种土地，盛产烟草、茶叶、咖啡、棉花

等，渔业资源也十分丰富。作为传统农业国，马一年四季日照充足，马拉维湖为农业灌溉提供了取之不尽的水源，只要基础设施跟上，农业生产大有可为。丰富的人力资源加上优越的自然条件，马拉维经济发展红利巨大，吸引着越来越多的投资者前来考察和投资兴业。

第二种颜色是蓝色。蓝色象征着和平，在外交部领事司给世界各国的风险评估中，马拉维全境都是蓝色等级，意味着这里的安全和治安环境良好。独立52年来，马拉维从未发生过战争和内乱，也没有军人干政的传统，政局长期保持稳定，先后5次成功举行总统大选，历次政权交接均平稳有序，这在普遍动荡不安的非洲国家实属难得。和平、稳定的社会环境是投资者的定心丸，随着马拉维对外开放程度的加深，更多投资者会来到这片和平的土地上寻求商机。

第三种颜色是白色。马拉维是联合国确定的最不发达国家，在很多领域还是白纸一张。马拉维是传统农业国，农业人口占全国总人口的80%。加工制造业尚未起步，金融、服务业等第三产业存在很多空白。大到工程机械，小到针头线脑，大部分生产生活物资都严重依赖进口。俗话说得好，“一张白纸好画图”。百业待兴的马拉维恰恰为创业者提供了施展的空间，使马拉维成为产能合作、投资兴业的潜在热土。近年来，马拉维政府出台了“一站式中心”等投资便利化举措，制定了吸引外资的优惠政策，努力实现“从援助到贸易”、

从“消费、进口国到制造、出口国”的转变。在这张“白纸”上，我们已能够依稀看见指引马拉维更好发展的宏伟蓝图。 马拉维Thyolo茶园（CFP）

蓄势待发的中马合作中国同马拉维于2007年底建立外交关系。建交近9年来，中马关系一直健康稳定发展，各领域务实合作发展迅速、成果丰硕。马拉维议会大厦、五星级酒店、国际会议中心及总统别墅群、卡隆加—齐提帕公路、马拉维科技大学、宾古国家体育场等一大批由中方援建或提供融资支持的大项目，大大改善了马拉维的基础设施状况，成为一张张马拉维人引以自豪的“国家名片”。同时，中方帮助马方建设的校舍、水井等小微民生设施也遍布马拉维全境，切实改善了马拉维人民的生活状况。

2016年1月，王毅外长新年出访的第一站就选择了马拉维，期间先后会见马拉维总统穆塔里卡和时任外长乔治·沙蓬达，就进一步发展两国关系达成广泛共识。今年6月，中国驻马使馆、马工业、贸易与旅游部以及中国安徽省在马拉维首都利隆圭联合举办首届中马产能合作与投资论坛，吸引了百余名安徽企业家和300名马拉维当地企业家出席，双方达成了一系列合作意向和协议，为两国经贸关系发展注入新的活力。

马拉维政府特别是穆塔里卡总统高度重视发展中马关系，多次提出要进一步加强同中国在政治、经贸和人文等领域的合

作，充分发挥中马合作对马经济社会发展的重要促进作用。中马关系继续向前发展既是大势所趋，也是民心所向。随着去年底中非合作论坛约堡峰会的成功召开，中非构建起全面战略合作伙伴关系，中马关系发展将迎来新的历史性契机。我相信在中马两国人民的共同努力下，中马关系的未来定会更加美好。 （文 I 王世廷 中国驻马拉维大使 图片提供 I 中国驻马拉维大使馆）

英文版：Malawi: A Fertile Land for Investment Waiting for Development By H.E. Mr. Wang Shiting; Chinese ambassador to Malawi; Translated by Xu Qinduo ● The ‘warm heart’ of Africa● The Fertile Landfor investment● The

cooperationbetween China and Malawi is coming into play The ‘warmheart’ of AfricaTo most Chinese, Malawi is a remote and unknown country. With118,584 square kilometers of land , it is located in the hinterlands of southeast Africa. To its east , it is adjacent to Malawi Lake, the thirdlargest lake in Africa; while on the south, west and north , it is bounded by Mozambique, Zambia, and Tanzania respectively. Its scenery is quite beautifulwith fantastic mountains and rivers, and more importantly, the people here arevery hardworking, simple, warm and hospitable, which wins Malawi the acclaim ofthe “warmheart of Africa”.

Malawi’s climate is mild withmoderate rainfall. Even in its dry season, a boundless landscape of mountainsand lakes covered with lush plants can be seen everywhere; and when the rainyseason comes, the whole country turns green unknowingly with colorful flowersin full bloom. Such an incredible beauty is just like “a haven of peace and happiness” in Africa, which shows noresemblance to the hot and desolate continent of our imagination.

Malawi has a fabulous natural environment and rich tourismresources. Malawi Lake, covering one-fifth of its total land area, flows fromsouth to north, where the scenery is charming and attractive. While standingthere and watching the boundless ripples and waves, you can’t help thinking you haveentered into a fairyland floating in midair. The wildlife of the lake are abundant, and the quantity of itsfreshwater fish species tops all other great lakes in the world, with 80% ofthem endemic , which make it an idealplace for tourists to dive and explore. Besides this exquisite lake, the naturereserves and wild zoos dotted all over the country, as well as the high MountMulanje, are so magnificent thattourists can’t tearthemselves away from them. The Fertile Land for

investmentIn 2015, its totalGDP was about $6.5 billion, but its

GDPper capita is only $381 (according to the World Bank), so it is one of theleast developed countries. But on the other hand, if you have a chance to visitit, you may find that it is a country full of vigor, where people live and workin peace and contentment with heavy traffic on the streets. As a matter of factthough, for the time being, its infrastructure is poor, and development isfalling behind, the future growth opportunities are enormous considering itsoutstanding natural conditions and secure social environment. Thus, it isreally a fertile land waiting to be developed in the continent of hope. According to myunderstanding, three colors can be used to describe its investment environmentand potentials.

The first color is red. In the foreseeable future, Malawi will be onthe threshold of a significant demographic dividend. First, there will be ahuge increase in its population. Its current population is around 17 million,which is already one of the most densely populated countries in Sub-SaharanAfrica. Secondly, young people account for a considerable proportion of thepopulation, and more than half of them are less than fifteen years old.Thirdly, its labor cost is quite low, and the basic salary is only one-tenth ofours. Fourthly, since the process of urbanization has just started, theconsumer market in the future

will have a huge potential. As we all know, aslong as there is popularity, business will be booming, so definitely the 17million people in Malawi will be an attraction to all investors. Furthermore, 40% of its land is arable, abound with tobacco, tea,coffee and cotton; and its fishery resources are also abundant. As atraditionally agricultural country, it enjoys enough sunshine throughout theyear, while Malawi Lake provides an inexhaustible supply of water foragricultural irrigation. Therefore, agricultural production will have abrilliant future when the infrastructure is improved. All in all, favorablehuman resources and natural conditions offer great chances for the country’s economic development andwill surely attract more and more foreign investors to make their fortune here. The second color is blue, which is the symbol of peace. Based on therisk assessment of different countries in the world issued by the ConsularDepartment of Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs , the whole area of Malawi ison the grade of blue, which means its security situation is quite good. Sinceit became independent 52 years ago, no war, civil unrest or militaryintervention has ever happened, and the political situation has been stable . Presidential elections have beencarried out successfully five times, andeach time power

was transferredsmoothly, which is quite rare among many turbulent African countries. Such apeaceful and secure environment sets investors at ease, so with the deepening of opening to the outsideworld, there is no doubt that more investors are coming here to seek businessopportunities. The third color is white, because being a least developed country as determined by the UN, it is stilla blank page in many fields. Traditionally, it is an agricultural country, and80% of its people are farmers; while on the other hand, its

manufacturingindustry has not yet started, and finance and the service sector are almostnon-existent. Most products and living materials, no matter whether they areengineering machinery or odds and ends of sewing, are heavily dependent onimports. As the saying goes: “Ona blank sheet of paper, the most beautiful things can be drawn.”Malawi, whose industries areall waiting to be developed, not only sets the stage for entrepreneurs, butalso is becoming a potential hotspot forcooperation on production capacity and investment. In recent years, Malawi'sgovernment has come up with manyfavorable policies, such as a ‘one-stop-centre’ in order to make investmenteasier and to attract more foreign capital. The aim is to realize a leap ‘from assistance to trade’ and “from consumption and import

toproduction and export”.Therefore, on this sheet of blank paper, a blueprint for its rapid developmentcan be expected soon. The cooperation between China and Malawi is coming into playIn 2007, China established diplomatic relations with Malawi, and inthe past nine years, the relationship has developed smoothly. The cooperation in many fields is very quick andpragmatic with fruitful results. A large number of large projects built orfunded by the Chinese side, such as the Malawi house of Parliament, five-starhotels, an international conference centre, the presidential villa,Kalunga-Chitipa highway, the University of Science and Technology of Malawi,and Bingou National Stadium, have greatly improved Malawi’s infrastructure conditions,and actually they have become the country’s “businesscards”, ofwhich the local citizens are so proud. In the meantime, the Chinese side alsohelped Malawi build schools, wells and other small livelihood-relatedfacilities, which can be seen all over the country and have effectively bettered the people’s living conditions.

In January 2016, Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi chose Malawi ashis first stop of this year’svisit. During his visit, he met with Malawi’s President Mutharika, and Mr. George sand Punda, theforeign minister at that time, and they reached a broad

consensus on thefurther development of bilateral relations. In June this year, the ChineseEmbassy in Malawi,

Malawi’sindustry, trade and tourism department, as well as Anhui Province jointly heldthe first forum on cooperation on production capacity and investment betweenChina and Malawi in Lilongwe, the capital, which attracted over a

hundredentrepreneurs from Anhui and three hundred local entrepreneurs. The two sidescame to a series of cooperation intentions and agreements, which will injectnew vitality into the development of economic and trade relations between thetwo countries.

Malawi's government, especially President Mutharika, has beenattaching great importance to the development of the relationship between Chinaand Malawi, and has repeatedly proposed to further strengthen the cooperationin the fields of politics, economy, trade and culture with China to promoteMalawi’seconomic and social development, where China can definitely play a veryimportant role. Thus, to continue developing the relationship of our twocountries is both a general trend and a common aspiration.

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可。《中国投资》杂志以全球视角看中国投资，涵盖宏观经济、行业分析和企业投资案例，同时以全球市场为坐标，聚焦特定国家、地区和重大国际趋势。自2016年起，中联部相关机构作为支持单位，与《中国投资》（非洲版）一道，为非洲各国与中国持久的大规模合作，提供一个专业而强大的对话平台。China Investment magazine, established in 1985, is a monthly at central government level and China’s oldest media outlet concentrating on trends reporting in the investment arena.

Starting from April 2016 and under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Department of the Central Committee of Communist Party of China, China Investment African Edition will create and provide a professional and powerful platform of dialogue for the ever larger-scale but sustainable cooperation between China and the African countries throughout the continent.

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