Unit 16 Fire(一) 教案

一、教学目标与要求

本单元的教学目标是使学生能熟练掌握一般过去时及过去进行时的用法。学习并运用一些表示禁止和警告的用语。围绕火灾这一日常生活中与人民生命财产密切相关的题材，使学生了解火灾的危害，并能用所学英语正确表述。正确完成练习册编排的练习。

二、教学重点与难点

1．重点词汇 might；case；collect；trap；control；escape；rescue；close；（get） closeto；wonder；light（v．）；look out；in that case；belong to；put out

2．重要句型 1） What a lot of smoke！ 2） Don’t go to your room to collect your thingsor you may be trapped by the fire．

3．语法 复习动词一般过去时并掌握过去进时的用法。

4．日常交际用语 禁止和警告（Prohibitions and warnings）：1）Look out！2）Be careful！3）Take care！4）Never try to carry the pan out of the kitchen．5）Don’t take the lift，as thelift may become trapped between floors． Use the stairs．

三、课型 （一）对话课

Ⅰ．教具 录音机，投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计

1．教师通过以下步骤导入本课：

向学生提出下列问题：1）What might happen if the oil gets too hot？2）What would youdo if the pan of oil catches fire？

由学生讨论以上问题，对于第二个问题，学生可以有不同的应答。教师予以评议，和同学们一起筛选出较好的应答。

2．准备放对话录音。借助投影片打出以下听前提问：1） What did Jenny ask Yang Pei todo first？ 2） Did Yang Pei carry the pan out of the kitchen at once？

放录音一至两遍，请学生回答上述问题，教师予以必要订正。

Key：1）Jenny asked Yang Pei to turn off the gas and cover the pan．2） NO， she didn’t． 3．再次放对话录音，学生跟读。将学生分为两人一组练习对话。数分钟后，请两、三组同学到前面表演。 根据对话内容，要求学生将詹妮和杨蓓在油锅着火后所采取的措施按顺序描写下来。

1）turn off the gas；2） cover the pan；3） Wait until the fire is out；4）never try to carrythe pan out of the kitchen

4．要求学生根据对话描写在厨房所发生的事情。教师可给予必要的提示。

提示语（用投影仪打出）：1） cooking in the kitchen；2） the pan of oil； 3） catch fire；4） turn off the gas ； 5） cover the pan ； 6） the fire（be） out

要求学生根据对话，参照老师所给提示，编写短文。 Model：

Jackie and Yang Pei were cooking in the kitchen．Suddenly the pan of oil caught fire．Jackie asked Yang Pei to turn the gas off quickly and cover the pan．Then the fire was out．But there was a lot of smoke in the kitchen．

当堂要求学生完成，如时间允许，可请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。

5．教师指导学生阅读本课第二部分的防火警示。由学生列出在发现火灾后或听到火警的DOS and DON’TS

6．布置作业 1）预习第62课；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。

（二）阅读理解课

Ⅰ．教具 录音机，投影仪，仿课文挂图一张。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．检查生词及短语。

2．教师利用挂图向同学提问：1）What can you see in the picture？2）What do you thinkis happening？ 3） What do you think the passage is going to tell us？ 4） After seeing this pic－ture， what do you expect to learn from this reading passage？

针对3）、4）两个小题，可板书同学们的各种猜想、推测。在本课最后一一对照。 3．教师给出读前提问：1） When and where did the fire take place？ 2） How many peoplewere trapped above the fire？

教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文。之后请同学回答上述问题。 Key：

1)The fire took place at Sao Paulo’s Capital Building on February 4th， 1974．

2）More than 300 people were trapped above the fire．

4．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师就课文内容提问，检查学生的理解程度（可参阅练习册中所列出的问题）

5．教师用投影仪打出以下statements，要求学生判断其正误。并对错误的statements进行修改。 Two hundred and twenty were killed in the Sao Paulo fire． The building was notfinished when the fire broke out．

All the offices were completely destroyed except thosebelow the 11th floor． Only the firemen knew how the fire had started．

At first，it waspossible for the office workers to put out the fire． Below the 11th floor people were ableto escape into the street．

The people above the 11th floor were trapped because there wereno fire escapes．

It was difficult for the firefighters to get close to the building because thesmoke from the fire was too thick．

9) The ladders the firefighters had taken with them werenot long enough．

10) 10） Four hours after the fire started， the firemen still couldn’t control it． Key：

1) False（ Over／More than two hundred and twenty were killed in the Sao Paulofire．） 2) False（ The building was finished a few months before the fire．） 3) False（ Allfloors of the office building were completely destroyed．） 4) False（ No one knew how the firestarted．）

5) False（ It was impossible for them to control it．） 6) True 7) rue

8) False（Itwas difficult for the firefighters to get close to the building because there were

so many peo－ple in the street watching the fire．） 9） True

10） False（ It took the firemen four hours tocontrol the fire．）

6．教师用投影仪打出以下表格，组织学生俩人一组，利用课文中所提供的信息填写表格。从多个侧面来描写圣保罗首都大厦的大火。

Say something about the Sao Paulo fire：

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)

学生先在小组内交流并相互启发、补充，然后请学生在班上交流。

7．布置作业 1）根据表格中所填写内容，整理一份有关圣保罗首都大厦大火的报告；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。

（三）语言训练课

Ⅰ．教具 投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计

1．给学生几分钟准备，要求学生根据上一课表格中所填写的内容，介绍圣保罗首都大厦的大火。

2．教师从本单元词语中选择部分常见词语，配以例句介绍给学生。要求学生反复练习这些例句，并请同学造句，教师予以讲评订正。

词语：catch fire ；look out ；on fire ；turn off；be out；in that case；in any case；in case；sound；collect；trap；belong to；break out；put out；get close to；lose one’s life；rescue

例句： 1） Paper catches fire easily．2） Look out when yon are crossing the road． 3） Whenhe saw the house was on fire，he ran to phone the firemen．4）Be sure to turn off the lightswhen you leave the room． 5）The candle was out． 6） In that case，I have no more to say．7）In any case I’ll be back in a day or two．8）Please take some warm clothes in case theweather is cold． 9） The bell sounded at eight o’clock for dinner．10） He knew I collectedbirds’eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing．11） The hunter trapped ani－mals and sold their fur．12） Taiwan belongs to China．13） The Second World War broke outin September 1939． 14） The firemen finally put out

the forest fire．15） They couldn’t getclose to the little boat because of the storm．16） Many soldiers lost their lives in the battle．17） The firemen rescued three women from the burning house．

3．给学生几分钟时间，快速找出本课中有关大火的词语：

Sao Paulo fire；completely destroyed；break out；how the fire started；and electrical firein the ceiling；put out the fire；control the fire；on fire；escape into the street；trapped abovethe fire；helicopters；fire escapes；thick smoke；firefighters；ladders，etc．

4．书面表达练习

要求学生从不同角度描写圣保罗 Capital Building的大火。

中文提示（用投影片打出）：假如你是个过路人，看到了圣保罗 Capital Building的大火，以及救火人员奋力灭火和抢救被困人员的情景。描写当时的情况。

英文提示（用投影片打出）：do some shopping in the market；see a big fire in the dis－tance；fire breaks out on the 11th floor；many people escape；many others trapped；see heli－copters land on the roof

将首句给出： I was doing shopping in the market when I suddenly saw a big fire in thedistance． 七、八分钟后，请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。 Model：

I was doing shopping in the market when I suddenly saw a big fire in the distance．

Many people ran to see it and I went with them．It was the Capital Building． We couldsee the fire burning on the eleventh floor and many people escaped into the street． But manyothers were trapped above the fire． Helicopters were sent to rescue them． Because of theheavy smoke，it took the helicopters a long time to land on the roof of the building．About70 people were saved．

5．布置作业 1）预习第17单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。 四．难句分析

1．Suddenly a pan of oil catches fire．突然油锅着火了。 The pan is on fire．锅着火了。

“catch fire”和“be on fire”都是“着火”的意思，但“catch fire”强调动作，“ be onfire”强调状态。例如：

The house is on fire now．房子现在着火了。

When I saw he was on fire，I knocked him down and rolled him．当我看见他身上着火时，我就把他撞倒并滚动他。

Paper catches fire easily．纸很容易着火。

The little girl was burned badly when her dress caught fire．当小女孩的裙子着火时，她被严重烧伤了。

注意： fire和动词及介词的搭配还有： be trapped by／ above the fire被火围困（在上面）；be killed in the fire被火烧死；escape from the fire逃离火境；set„ on fire使„„燃烧（着火）； control fire控制火势； discover a fire发现火情； light a fire点火； start a fire生火；make a fire生火； put out a fire灭火。

2． Never mind．没有关系。

当对方表示焦虑时，你可以说“Never mind”，以示宽慰，意思是“没关系”、“不要紧”。例如： —There is too much noise outside．外边太吵了。

—Never mind．Just shut the windows．没关系，把窗户关上就行了。

—Too bad． I’ve left my dictionary at home．糟了，我把字典忘在家里了。 —Never mind． You can use mine．不要紧，用我的吧。

此外，“never mind”还可以用作对方表示歉意时的答语，意思是“没关系”、“不用介意”。例如：

—Sorry，I am late．抱歉，我来晚了。 —Never mind．没关系。

—I forgot to phone them．我忘记给他们打电话了。

—Never mind．I’ve phoned them．没关系，我给他们打过了。

3． You might get burnt and you might drop the pan of burning oil．你可能被烫着，也可能把滚烫的油锅扔掉。

1）助动词“might”表示“可能”，“或许”，常用来谈论一种可能性。“might”在这里不是“may”的过去式，并不表示某事过去发生。句中的“might”可以用“may”代替，但“may”在口气上更为肯定一些。即“may”所表示的可能性比“might”所表示的可能性更大一些。

2）“get burnt”的意思是“被烫伤”、“被烧伤”。“get”的意思是“变得”，后跟过去分词作表语，构成“get＋过去分词”结构，含有被动的意思，常用于不期而遇或偶然发生的事情。例如：

The glass got broken and the fire alarm sounded．玻璃打破了，火警器响了起来。 They got trapped in the fire and were killed．他们被困在火中烧死了。

He got hurt in the leg when he fell down from the tree．他从树上掉了下来，摔伤了腿。

4．All 25 floors of the office building were completely destroyed．办公大楼所有 25层楼全部被彻底烧毁了。

句中的“floor”不作“地面、地板”解，而作“楼房的层面／楼层”解。例如： This lift stops at every floor．这部电梯每层楼都停。

Her room is on the third floor， facing the street．她的房间在三楼，临街的那间。

注意：在表示第几层时，英国和美国的表达是不同的。在英国，the ground floor指第一层， the first floor指第二层，以此类推；在美国第一层称the first floor，第二层称the secondfloor，以此类推。

5．„it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape．上面各层楼的人不可能逃出来。 “escape”可作名词也可作动词，作名词时意思是“逃脱”（不可数）、“逃走的路、逃走的方法”（可数）。例如：

Escape from the fire above the 11th floor was rather difficilt．从 11层楼以上逃离火境是相当困难的。

Every large building should have a fire escape．每座大楼都应该有太平通道。 作动词时可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。例如：

Only a few people escaped from the danger．只有少数人逃离了险境。

He escaped to London for political reasons．他因政治原因逃到英国去了。 “escape”作及物动词时后面跟名词或动词。

He escaped the fire by rushing down the stairs．他从楼梯上跑下来，逃离了火境。 You were lucky to escape punishment／being punished．你很幸运，逃脱了惩罚。 There is no way to escape doing the work．没有办法逃脱这项工作。

6．The fire lasted about four hours before the firefighters could control it．大火持续了大约四个小时之后，消防队员才把火势控制住。

本句中的“before”是连词，不译作“在„„之前”，而要译作“„„（之后）才”。例如： It was a long time before I met Jim again．过了很久（之后）我才再次见到吉姆。

Read the whole passage before you answer the following questions．读完全篇文章之后再回答下面的问题。

A few months had passed before they found out the cause of the fire．过了几个月之后才查明火灾的原因。

before作连词时，还有“（不多久）就”和“不等„„就”的意思。例如：

It wasn’t long before he told us all about this．没过多久他就告诉我们所有这一切。

I hadn’t waited for long before he came．我没等多久他就来了。

Before he could explain he was driven out．他还没来得及解释就被赶出去了。