高中英语词汇记忆法及练习

词汇记忆法

教学目标：熟悉各种记词法并学会综合运用 记忆单词的方法：

读音规则法 分类对比记忆法 联想记忆法 构词记忆法

一、读音规则法记单词：

我们知道 英语总共有26个字母，48个音标，

其实每个字母或字母组合都发固定的音；反过来，每个音标都是由固定的字母或字母组合来发音的。

比如，a 一般发 /eɪ/, /æ/, /ə/ , /ɒ/, /ɑ:/ Late, hand, about, what, fast O 一般发 /əʊ/, /u:/, /ʌ/, /ə/, /ɒ/Note, who, love, today, hot U /ju:/, /ʊ/ /ʌ/, /ə/ Refuse, put, but, support 请看这些单词：

Mango buddinghoard

/’festɪv/ /’hɔmini/ congratulation

优点：记得快，多，朗朗就上口

缺点：记形不义，语音要相对比较标准才可以

二、分类对比记忆法：

其实这是一种大家自不自觉都在使用的一种方法 大家从初中开始肯定就发现了

See-sea, right-write, meet-meat, too-two, study-learn, see-look-watch, good-well-nice之间的区别与联系吧？

只有这样将知识归类对比，我们记得才会深刻，

那到底要怎样分类对比呢？

1、同义词 2、反义词 3、同音词 4、同类词 5、同源词 6、同形词

同义词

choose / select seize / catch / grab / grasp show / display/ exhibit contain/include be able to / be capable of

反义词

Optimistic/pessimistic Success/failure Former/latter Entrance/exit Increase/decrease

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同类词：

Vegetable: tomato; potato; carrot; cabbage, mushroom, cucumber … Fruits: apple; pear; peach; grape; water-melon; lemon, mango… transportation: bicycle; car; bus; truck; ship; plane; train; spacecraft…

同源词：

Present 现在；出席；呈现 Presentation 呈现方式 Represent v,代表 Representation n,表现，代表 Representative 有代表性的

Succeed v 成功 Success n. Successful adj. Successfully adv.

Employ v 雇佣 Employer n 雇佣者，雇主 Employee n 雇员 Employment n 雇佣 同形词：

effect/affect/effort/offer/offend experience/experiment appear/appeal （呼吁，恳求，上诉）

Explore/explode/exploration/explosion Attitude/altitude

三、联想记忆法

Candidate n 候选人 能(can)做(did)能吃(ate)的人是候选人 Ambulance n 救护车 俺们(am)不 (bu)能(lan)死(ce)赶快去叫救护车 Hesitate v 犹豫 他(he)坐(sit)下来吃饭(ate) 时犹豫了下

Assassinate v 暗杀 两只驴(assass)在里面(in)吃 (ate)东西时被暗杀了 Costume n 服饰 花费(cost)你(u)我(me)的钱去买服饰

Do you want to have a try by yourselves?

Leisure n 休闲,休息 累了(lei)就一定(sure)要休息、休闲 Chaos n 混乱,嘈杂 喧嚣、混杂的场面吵(chao)死(s)了 Attendance n 参加 at+ten+dance 十点跳舞，别忘了参加 Smother v 窒息 一根绳子(s)把妈妈(mother)肋得快窒息了 Mendacity n 撒谎,虚伪 大(da)城市(city)的男人(men)是虚伪,爱撒谎的

优点：记得快，牢，对记意思特别有帮助 缺点：容易造成读音错误

四、构词记忆法

Derivation派生法

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常见的四种否定前缀： Un-, in/im/il/ir-, dis-, mis- 前缀 意义 用法 例词 unnecessary, unexpected, unusual Uncover, unlock, undress inplete, impossible. impolite, irregular, illegal 不,未 (=not) un- 相作 加在形容词或副词前 加在动词前 in-，il-， im-，ir- 不,非, 无 加在形容词或其派生的名词或副词前 前缀 意义 用法 例词 dis- 表示否定 加在名词或形容词、动词前 dishonour, disease dislike, disbelieve mis- 加在名词、动词或及其表示错误 派生词前 mistake, misread, misunderstanding， misapply mishandle 其他前缀： 前缀 意义 用法 例词 re- 表示：再一次，重用于动词及派生名词名词、形renew, reborn, rebuild, reappear, 新 容词及其它名词前(= again) retell - 可修编-

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fore- 表示：时间或位置加在动词或名词前 (= before) 的“在前面” 表示：在前、事先、加在名词或形容词前 预先 (=before, in front, in advance) foresee, foreword foreleg, forehead, pre- prepay, prewar, prehistory preschool, 前缀 意义 用法 例词 post- 表示：时间和顺序加在名词或形容词前 的“在后边” (= after, behind) post-war, postmodern postgraduate 表示: “互相” inter- “在…间” interchange, 加在名词、形容词前构成动词 international, (= between, among) interact interdependent 表示：高级、在之加在名词前 super- (= above, over, upon) 上，“超” supermarket, supernatural 前缀 ex- 意义 “前任” 例词 ex-president; ex-wife - 可修编-

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“向外”=out “短的”“小的” anti- “防，防止；抗” exclude; express; exit; export Minibus; miniskirt; miniputer mini- antibody; antifreeze; Anti-Japanese 后 缀 1.表示人和物的名词后缀

-er, -or, -eer, -ess, -ician, -ist 2. 抽象名词和集体名词后缀

-age, -ure, -ity, -ment, -ion, -ism, -y, -al, -ness, -ship, -hood, -ance, -th, -dom 3.形容词后缀

-able, -al, -ant, -ent, -ic, -ical, -ish, -ive, -ful, -less, -ous, -y, -ed, -en, -ern, -ly 4. 副词后缀

-ly, -ward, -wards 5动词后缀

-ate, -en, -fy, -ish, -ize

pound 合成法

把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词, 这种构词的方法叫做合成法. 1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。

Overe four-legged he-goat, she-wolf meanwhile

记单词策略

人的记忆规律：

1.遗忘速度先快后慢、遗忘量先大后小 2. 24小时忘得最多

所以我们应该：

1.在背完单词的24小时之开始复习。 2.复习时间先密后疏。 3.要有能够记住的信心。

4.每次记忆时间不要太长，分散时间。 5.记忆要有目的，精力高度集中。

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巩固练习

1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. A.care B.careful C.careless D.carelessness

2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A.die B.dead C.died D.death

3.The child looked________at his brother who was badly wounded. A.sadly B.sadness C.sadly D.sad

4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him a ________. A.chemistry B.chemicalC.chemist D.physician

5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child.He may fall off. A.legging B.legged C.legs D.leged

6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world. A.lead B.leader C.leading D.leadership

7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates.A.proud B.proudly C.pride D.pridely 8.To everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactoryC.satisfying D.satisfaction

9.—What are you doing here?—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.—You can write________passage in English? A.600 words；a 600-words B.600-word；a 600-words

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C.600 words；a 600-word D.600 words；a 600-words 10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police. A.permit B.permissionC.permitting D.permittence

11.You must e with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you. A.headquarters B.headlineC.headmaster D.headache

12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________. A.intend B.intentionC.intentionally D.intentional

13.The shop owner weled all the guests with a________smile. A.practice B.practiseC.practical D.practiced 14.The________ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgmentC.judge D.judgement

15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War? A.lately B.latestC.later D.latter

16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________. A.longer B.lengthC.long D.longing

17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyfulC.joyless D.joyness 18.Canada is mainly an________country.

A.English-speaking B.speak-EnglishC.spoken-English D.English-spoken 19.How________ he is! He is always acting________.He is really a ________. A.foolish；foolishly；foolB.fool；foolish；fool C.foolish；fool；foolD.foolishly；foolish；fool

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20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It’s of great ________. A.valuable B.valueC.valueless D.unvaluable

21.There were________fish in the river in South America. A.in danger B.dangerC.dangerous D.dangerless 22.The letter “b” in the word “doubt” is________. A.sound B.silentC.silence D.sounded 23.The child looked at me________. A.stranger B.strangelyC.strange D.strangeless

24.The black people were against slavery and fought for their________bravely. A.free B.freelyC.freedom D.frees

25.What you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue. A.reasonable B.reasonfulC.reasonless D.unreason

26.We have to learn________technology from other countries. A.advance B.advancingC.advantage D.advanced

27.The children live in a village ________.They e here almost every day. A.nearby B.nearC.nearly D.near by

28.Mr Black is an ________in the army，not an________in the government.You can not easily find him in his________.

A.official；officer；officeB.officer；office；official C.official；official；officialD.officer；official；office

29.You’d better give up smoking if you want to keep ________. A.health B.healthyC.healthily D.healthier

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30.________ speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose. A.Honestly B.Honest C.Honesty D.Dishonest

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构词法练习 [参]

1-5 BDACB 6-10 CBDCB 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 BAAAB 21-25 CBBCA 26-30 DADBA

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