英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷52(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷52 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.

1． 建立和健全社会保障体系，关系到改革、发展、稳定的全局，意义重大，刻不容缓，必须切实抓紧抓好。 当前，中国要在保证国有企业下岗职工基本生活费用津贴和城镇居民最低生活津贴的基础上，推进改革，逐步形成有中国特色的社会保障体系。在这同时，要进一步办好国有企业再就业服务中心。企业再就业服务中心要向下岗职工按时足额发放基本生活费，并代他们缴纳社会保险金。对确有困难的中西部地区和老工业基地，财政将继续给予支持。 不过，各地领导部门要引导职工转变择业观念，努力开拓就业门路，搞好职业培训，使更多的下岗职工尽早实现再就业。各级要通力合作，加强督促检查，保证各项再就业落实到位。

正确答案： Establishment and improvement of a social security system has an important bearing on the overall situation of reform, development and stability. Therefore the issue permits no delay and must be handled properly. At present China must promote the reform to gradually set up a Chinese-type social security system on the basis of a guarantee of the basic cost-of-living allowance for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises and the minimum living allowance for urban residents. Meanwhile, we should improve the reemployment centers of state-owned enterprises. The centers should provide laid-off workers with basic living allowance in full and on time and pay the social security premiums for them. In the case of the enterprises of western and central China and old industrial bases that are in real financial difficulties, the central government will continue to offer financial help. However, leaders in various localities should guide staff and workers in changing their idea of employment, trying to find more channels leading to employment and doing a good job of vocational training so as to help more laid-off workers to be re-employed as early as possible. Governments at all levels must make concerted efforts to strengthen their supervision to ensure the reemployment policies are properly implemented. 涉及知识点：汉译英

2． 高科技竞争的负面影响 市场经济下的公平竞争是促进经济繁荣的重要因素，但竞争过了头，则其负面影响就不容忽视。 在剧烈竞争下，市场需要往往会让位于竞争需要。各高科技公司不得不投下巨额资金发展新项目，还得避开知识产权纠纷。结果是改头换面，换汤不换药的技术和产品成堆。抢不到市场则损失惨重。 一些大公司为了保住自己的垄断地位，常常制造一些假象，小公司往往被误导而争先恐后地去跟风，最后陷入困境，幸运的被合并，倒霉的破产。

正确答案： Negative Effects of Competition in the Hi-tech Industry In the market economy, the crucial factor for prosperity is fair competition. But if the

competition spins out of control, the negative effects must not be overlooked. In a highly competitive environment, the needs of the market usually give way to the need for competition. Hi-tech companies have to invest huge amounts of money into new projects. To avoid intellectual property rights infringements, they must repackage similar ideas and technologies. As a result, redundant products flood the market. Those who cannot grab a share of the market will suffer great losses. To maintain their monopolies, some big companies create smoke screens to lure small companies into developing the latest faddish products. These small companies often land themselves in deep trouble. Those that are lucky get absorbed by bigger companies, while the unlucky ones go under. 涉及知识点：汉译英

3． 现在的国际金融是没有国界的。当东京的股市大跌时，受影响的不只是日本，而是全世界。因此要保持我们中国的经济稳定发展，就要帮助恢复亚太地区的稳定和发展。我们中国在这次亚洲金融危机中勇敢地承担了自己的责任。

正确答案： International finance has no respect for national borders. When stock markets fall in Tokyo, the effects are no longer local: they are global. So to have sustained economic growth, China must help to restore stability and growth in the Asia Pacific region. China has steadfastly shouldered its responsibilities to the region in this latest financial crisis. 涉及知识点：汉译英

4． 近来法律方面的研究表明，目击者在法庭上对嫌疑犯的指认并非想象中的那么可靠。记忆是十分复杂的，在有关我们的大脑如何工作以及我们的记忆能达到什么程度方面，人们普遍持有的一些看法常常是错误的。无论是常识还是研究都表明记忆会随时间的流逝而变得模糊。刚刚接受信息后的回忆和识别能力是最准确的，它先是迅速下降，然后逐渐减弱。拖延的时间越长，事件之后得到的信息越有可能与原始的记忆相冲突，从而降低其准确性。而且，目击者事后会看到、读到一些信息，然后将它融合进来，产生某种与所经历的事情不同的东西，使他们对事件和罪犯记忆的可靠性大大降低。对法官和陪审团来说，断定记忆最终是可靠的事实还是不可靠的编造在很大程度上似乎仍然是个挑战。

正确答案： Recent legal research indicates that identification of people by witnesses in a courtroom is not as reliable as commonly believed. Memory is complex and the commonly held perceptions about how our minds work and how well we remember are often wrong. Both common sense and research say memory declines over time. The abilities to recall and recognize are at their best immediately after encoding the information, declining at first rapidly, then gradually. The longer the delay, the more likely it is that information obtained after the event will interfere with the original memory, which reduces accuracy. Witnesses may see or read information after the event, then integrate it to produce something other than what was experienced, significantly reducing the reliability of their memory, of an event or offender. It seems that deciding whether any memory is to be finally assessed as reliable or the treacherous ally of invention will largely remain a challenge for judges

and juries. 涉及知识点：汉译英

5． 化石发现 正当今日中国的面貌被现代化和经济改革改变的时候，中国的科学家却在发掘远在人类出现以前古代的一些遗迹。 中国东北辽宁省被证实埋藏有丰富的古化石。在这些令人惊奇的发现中有一种被称作“中华龙鸟”的古生物，可能有着史前恐龙与现代鸟类之间的基因联系；还有迄今为止所发现的最占老的两栖类动物化石，一棵古老的果树残余以及世界上最古老的花。 毫不奇怪，辽宁省现在吸引了世界各地许多杰出的研究人员。这里发现的化石为深入研究地球这一行星的历史提供了激动人心的新视角。

正确答案： Fossil Findings Even as present-day China is being transformed by modernization and economic reform, Chinese scientists are unearthing the remains of a much earlier time, a time long before the human race first appeared. Liaoning Province, in northeast China, has proven to have rich source of ancient fossils. A-mong the amazing discoveries found there is the so-called “ Chinese Dragon Bird,” a creature that may be the genetic link between prehistoric dinosaurs and modern-day birds; the oldest fossilized amphibian ever recovered the remnants of an ancient fruit tree; and the world’ s oldest flower. Not surprisingly, Liaoning Province now attracts leading researchers from around the world. The fossils found there are providing dramatic new insights into the history of Planet Earth. 涉及知识点：汉译英

6． 拍卖行 去年年终，拍卖行经过一年的依法调整，重新焕发出勃勃生机，被国内媒体评为1997年的十大热点行业之一。郑玉祥先生是一位老资格的艺术爱好者，他认为目前拍卖行服务在改善，品种有所增加，品质也有提高。“这些好的转变，主要是在规范过程中拍卖行有序竞争的结果。”他说，“可以明显感觉到，现在通过拍卖进行艺术品交易的人越来越多了。”步入规范的拍卖业同样为其他行业带来契机。据原国内贸易部的有关负责人介绍，国家做出规定，对破产企业首先通过拍卖形式进行处理，今后拍卖将成为国有资产重新配置的重要形式。

正确答案： The Auction Trade After a year of readjustment, the auction trade radiated fresh vitality at the end of last year and was appraised by domestic mass media as one of China’ s 10 booming trades in 1997. Zheng Yux-iang is a veteran art lover. According to him, the current service of the auction trade is being improved , variety increased and quality raised. “ These desirable changes are mainly the result of orderly competition among various auction houses in the process of standardization,” he said. “ We are clearly aware that the number of people participating in art transactions through auctions is increasing. “ The auction trade also brought vitality to other trades. According to an official from the Ministry of Internal Trade the state has stipulated that bankrupt enterprises will primarily be auctioned off, so that auctions

will become an important method for the re-allocation of state assets in the future. 涉及知识点：汉译英

7． 今年以来，我国连续发生严重自然灾害，给受灾地区群众生产生活造成严重影响。在各部门各地区共同努力下，抗灾救灾工作取得了显著成绩。当前，安置受灾群众、开展灾后恢复重建工作很繁重，有关部门、受灾地区各级和一定要高度重视，科学规划，加大投入，精心组织，全力抓好。要切实安排好受灾群众基本生活，抓紧制定和实施灾后恢复重建规划，全面抓好各项生产特别是农业生产，帮助受灾群众重建家园，促进灾区经济社会全面发展。要坚持兴利除害结合、防灾减灾并重、治标治本兼顾、社会协同，尽快启动水利重点薄弱环节工程建设，加快建立地质灾害易发区调查评价体系、监测预警体系、防治体系、应急体系，提高对自然灾害的综合防范和抵御能力。

正确答案：The country was hit by a wave of serious natural disasters from the beginning of this year, which have caused grave damage to the lives of people in the disaster-hit areas. With joint efforts of various departments and localities, remarkable progress has been made in the relief and rescue processes. At present, the country still faces arduous tasks of helping the resettlement of affected residents and rebuilding the disaster-hit areas. Relevant departments of the central government and all levels of the CPC units and government offices in the disaster-hit areas should pay high attention to these tasks. They should scientifically plan, increase input in, meticulously organize, and seriously carry out recovery efforts. They should tend to the affected people’ s basic living needs, speed up drafting and implementation of reconstruction plans, help bring the local economy, especially agricultural production, back on track, help the affected people rebuild homes, and facilitate social and economic development. During the reconstruction, they must continuously combine improvements with reductions in damage, balance disaster prevention and reduction efforts, tackle problems at root and at surface, and join government and social efforts. Programs to address the weaknesses of water resources projects should be started as soon as possible. Efforts should also be sped up to establish risk assessment systems, monitoring networks, and disaster prevention and emergency response systems in disaster-prone areas, in a bid to strengthen the country’ s comprehensive ability to head off and deal with natural disasters. 涉及知识点：汉译英

8． 中国与西方国家的合作是互利的。中国经济的发展，不仅改善了本国人民的生活，也为世界经济的增长提供了新的推动力，为发达国家提供了更多的商业机会。中国是一个潜力巨大的新兴市场，两方国家技术先进，资金雄厚，两者经济上具有很强的互补性。西方一国家对华采取歧视性的贸易，不仅损人，最终也会损害自己的利益。

正确答案：Such co-operation between China and the Western countries is a mutually beneficial one. Economic growth in China has not only improved the living standards of its own people, but also provided a fresh driving force to world economic growth, together with greater business opportunities for developed countries. China is a newly emerging market with enormous potential, while the Western countries boast advanced technology and abundant capital. The two sides are highly complementary economically. The discriminatory trade policies against China adopted by some

Western countries, while harming others, will in the end undermine their own interests. 涉及知识点：汉译英

9． 继续加强“三农”工作。28个省(区、市)全部免征了农业税，全国取消了牧业税。增加对种粮农民的补贴和对产粮大县及财政困难县的转移支付，对部分粮食主产区的重点粮食品种实行最低收购价，多渠道增加农民收入。全年财政用于“三农”的支出达到2975亿元。粮食总产量在上年大幅度增长的基础上，又增产14万吨，达到48401万吨。

正确答案：Work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers was further intensified. The agricultural tax was rescinded in 28 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the livestock tax was rescinded nationwide. We increased subsidies to grain producers and transfer payments to major grain-producing counties and financially strapped counties, set floor prices for the purchase of key grain varieties in some major grain-producing areas, and increased rural incomes through a variety of channels. Last year, 297. 5 billion yuan from the Central Government budget was spent on agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Having risen considerably the previous year, total grain output rose again by 14. million tons to 484. 01 million tons. 涉及知识点：汉译英

10． 在立法中多一点女性视角，对于当代立法者更具有现实意义。单不说现实生活中存在的男女不平等现象，就是立法者大多数是男性这个事实，便有可能使我们的法律在不知不觉中就已带上男性的印记。所以，立法者必须超出社会现有的习惯，将更多的视角投到妇女这个弱势群体上。在立法中，应多一点女性视角，-对女性多一些关怀、多一些保护。

正确答案：To think more from women’ s perspective in the process of lawmaking also has its practical significance. The mere fact that most of the legislators are male is likely to leave male imprint on our legislation unwittingly, not to mention the inequality between men and women existing in real life. Therefore, legislators must go beyond the existing social practices and pay more attention to women, the disadvantaged group. In the process of lawmaking, more of women ‘ s perspective should be taken into consideration and they should be cared about and protected. 涉及知识点：汉译英