2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

M3U3 Back to the past ( 二)

【单元要点词汇】 1.erupt vi 3.basis n ．

2 4 6.

． powerful adj. ． beneath prep. n

5.sandstorm n ． 者 7.. 8． 10 11. 12.. 13 14．

．研究者，检查

n ．审问，审理；试验；考验 在邻近(的) 9 ．

adv.&adj.

vi.&n.

行进，进发；

.. adj. n vi. vt.

adj.

商业的，贸易的

．解决方法，解答→ 诉苦→ 装修，装潢→

vt. 解决；解答

n ．诉苦，埋怨；投诉 n

．装修；装修品 n

富裕的，富饶的→

．财

富；财富 15． 16．

adv. vt.

逐渐地，逐渐地→ 宣告，声称→

adj. n

逐渐的 ．宣告；宣

告；申明 17.

n ．毒药，毒物； vt. ，下毒→ adj.

有毒的

18. ．

adj. 极度的；极端的→ adv. 极其；极端； 特别

19．

n ．表达；表情，神情；词语→ vt. 表示；表达；

n. 快车；速递【单元要点短语】

1.make a fortune 2.in ruins

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

3.beyond expression

4.be based on

5.judging from

6.take in

【单元要点句式】

1．The city was forgotten for manyyears until

the 18th century when a farmer

discovered a stone with writing on it.

这座城市多年来向来被人们忘记，直到

18 世纪一个农民发现了一块刻有文字的石

头。

2．It seemed that nothing could stop him from taking control of the entire

world.

仿佛没有什么可以阻挡他控制整个世界。

3．We found the place very easily with the boy leading the way.

在那个男孩的率领下，我们很简单就找到了那个地方。

【要点词汇打破】

1.basis n. 原由，缘故；基准，准则；方式；基础

[ 应试指导 ]

过去分词句法功能的考察

on the basis of

在 基础上

base vt. 以 为据点

或总部等 ；把 总部等 设在；以 为基础； n. 根

基，基底；底座；依据，出发点；基础 base...on/upon...

把 成立在 ；以 为依据

基础

be based on/upon 以 为依据 basic adj. 基础的；基本的

The basis of a good marriage is trust.

美满婚姻的基础是信任。

One should always base his opinion on facts.

人们应当老是把看法成立在事实的基础上。

Actually ， teaching is an art based on science.

事实上，教课是一门成立在科学基础上的艺术。

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

2. judge n. 评判员；法官； vt. 判断；判断；裁决 form an opinion about sth.or decide a result of sth.

[ 应试指导 ] judge sb./sth.

judging by/from

作状语

to be ... 判断某人

事

judging from/by...

依据 判断

in one ’s judgement 依某人看来 Judging by the look on his face

， the news must have been terrible.

从他脸上的表情判断，这条信息一定很糟糕。 【夯实基础】

一．按要求改写

(1)The restaurant

trust ，and it is working all right.

这家餐馆成立在相信之上，此刻运行正常。 (2) 同义句改写

①Based on trust ，the restaurant is working all right. (

把练习 (1) 改为含有

分词短语作状语的简单句 )

。

②The restaurant ， which is based on trust

，is working all right. ( 把练习

(1) 改为含有定语从句的复合句 )

。

二．用 fortune 的适合形式填空

(1)Don ’t leave that to

(2)Central London is in having so many large parks and open spaces.

(3) —Have you heard about that fire in the market? —Yes，

no one was hurt.

【拓展操练】

一. 单项填空

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

1．In the good care of the nurses

， the boy is ________ recovering from his

heart operation.

A． quietly

B

．actually ． gradually

C． practically

D

2．The terrible noise from the man

A． put

’s room simply ______ me mad. ．caused

B

C． drove

D

．turned

3．Twomiddle-aged passengers fell swim.

into the sea.______ ，neither of them could

A． In fact

B D

． Unfortunately

． Luckily

C． Naturally

4．He ________ his loyalty to the government.

A． declared for

B D

．declared against

． declared war on

C． declared

5．Our country is ______ yours in that they both have several time zones.

A． same as

B D

．similar to ．familiar to

’s going to ________ the plan?

C． alike as

6．— It ’s a good idea.But who

—I think Tom and Greg will.

A． set aside

B D

．carry out ．get through

C． take in

7．I wonder what I should do ________ for all your kindness to me.

A． in honor

B D

．in return

． in general

C． in name

8．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________ the

next year.

A． carry out B ．carrying out

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

C． carried out D ． to carry out

9．In order to save money，weneed to examine all the costs ________ the project

first.(2020

·怀化统考 )

B

D

A． involving in C． getting involved in ．involve in ．involved in

10．For all three years I have been working for others.I

________ my own business someday. A． turn up C． set up

B D

．fix up ．set aside

’m hoping I ’ll

11．By serving others ，a person focus on someoneother than himself or herself ，

________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A． who C． what

B D

． which ．that

12． He found his pocket ________ when he got off the bus.

A． robbed C． picked

B D

．stolen ．picking

； you can have ________.

13．— There’s coffee and tea

—Thanks.

A． either

B

． each ．it

C． one

D

14． He is believed ________ the secret

，for everyone knows it. ．letting out

A． to let out

B

C． to have let out D

． having let out

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

Ⅴ. 课文信息填空

Place names

3.__________ information

Personal opinions

feelings and

It was founded in the 8th century

BC.The

Pompeii city

Romans amazing ； 9.________ to

imagine...

4.________ over it.It had been a rich city. It

erupted

in

and all Pompeii

the were

1._____________ people _

buried 5. ________，and so was the 6.________ ！

It was a 7. ________ point

2._____________ on the famous Silk _

Road so excited; 10. ________ a

between the 8.________.

East and the pity ！

Ⅵ. 完形填空

Once a farmer had some puppies to sell.He painted a(n)__1__ advertising the pups and set about nailing it to a post on the edge of his

yard.__2__he was driving the last nail into the

post ，he felt a sudden pull on his trousers.He__3__down into the eyes of a

little boy.

“Mister ，” he said ，“ I want to buy one of your puppies.

”

“Well ，”said the farmer ，as he rubbed the sweat off the back of his__4__ ， “these puppies come from fine parents and__

5__ a good deal of money. ” ， The boy__6__his head for a moment.Then reaching deep into his pocket

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

he pulled out a handful of__7__and held it up to the

farmer. “I ’ve got

？”

thirty-nine cents.Is that enough to take a look

“Sure，” said the farmer.

And with that he__8__a whistle

，“ Here， Dolly ！” he called.

__9__from the doghouse and down the road ran Dolly__10__by four little balls of fur.As the dogs madetheir__11__to

the fence ，the little boy noticed

something else moving inside

the doghouse.__12__another little ball

appeared，this one noticeably smaller.The little toward the others

pup began walking unsteadily

， doing its best to__13__.

“I want that one

，” the little boy said ，__14__at the runt(

矮个子 ) ．

The farmer knelt down at the boy’s side and said ，“ Son， you__15__want that puppy.He will never be able to__16__and play with you as other dogs

would. ”

With that the little boy__17__back from the fence ，reached down，and began 支柱 )

to a__19__made

rolling up one leg of his__18__.In doing so he showed a steel brace( running down both

sides of his

leg attaching itself

shoe.Looking back up at the farmer too well myself

， he said ，“ You see， sir ，I don ’t run

，and he will need someone who understands.” The__20__is full of people who need someone who understands. 1．A.sight 2．A.Then 3．A.put 4．A.nose 5．A.spend 6．A.raised 7．A.notes 8．A.let out 9．A.Up

B．paper B．Before B．looked B．neck B．spare B．lifted B．change B．carried out B．Over

C． information C． As C． knelt C． head C． make C． fell C． sugar C

．put out

D．sign D．After

D．stared D．face D．cost

D．dropped D．goods D．left D．In

out

C． Out

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

10． A.came 11． A.step 12． A.Quickly 13． A.get up 14． A.moving 15．A.mustn’t 16． A.run 17． A.stepped 18． A.clothes 19． A.simply 20． A.farm Ⅶ. 阅读理解

B．followed B．way B．Slowly B．stand up B．pointing B．don’t B．sit B．talked B．dresses B．specially B．country

C． went C． walk C． Oddly C． catch up C． calling C．can’t C． walk C． climbed C． sweaters C． carefully C． city

D．caught D．drive D．Sadly D．move up D．turning D．needn’t D．stand D．fell D．trousers D．newly D．world

A

Two years ago ， the Funk family of suburban

Chicago adopted a Chinese baby girl who had been

abandoned on a sidewalk near a textile factory in

Yangzhou.

Last year ，the Ramirez family of suburban Miami

adopted a girl who had been abandoned a week later on the same spot.

Both families

namedtheir daughters Mia. It turns out ， a first name and

have in common.

Chinese heritage aren ’t the only things the three-year-olds The girls ’ mothers — Holly Funk and Diana Ramirez

—met on a website for

parents who had gone through international

adoptions. After a lot of emails details ， DNA testing proved the

comparing photographs and biographical

families ’ suspicions: The girls are probably fraternal twins.

“I was in shock，” said

Ramirez， who lives with her husband Carlos in

”

Pembroke Pines ，Florida. “Well ，now this is for real.

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

The Internet and Web groups revolving around international orphanages

are increasingly

being used to link adopted children with biological kin( 亲

， 属). The site that Funks and Ramirezes used has a membership of 137 people with 15 sets of twins and 7 sets of siblings whose relationships have been

confirmed.

At a reunion at Chicago

’s O’Hare International Airport ，Mia Diamond

Funk and Mia Hanying Ramirez shyly surveyed each other ，and then reached for each other ’s hand.

DNAtests establish an 85 percent probability

that the girls are at least

half-sisters. Scientists do not have a biological parent to test and reach a greater certainty ，but given their

ages and physical similarities ，experts

say it is likely they are fraternal twins.

Douglas and Holly Funk hope to bring their Mia to Miami in October.

Both

sets of parents say they are committed to staying

in touch and often let the

·滨州调研 )

two sisters talk to each other on the phone.(2020

1． Both the adopted girls shared a first name ______. A． because they both came from China

B． because of their physical similarities

C． because their US parents suspected they were twins

D． for no good reason

2．Why did the girls

’ mothers meet on the Internet?

A． To compare photographs of the two girls. B．To find the girls

’ biological kin.

C． To test their suspicions. D． To know how to adopt children.

3．Experts are still

not 100 percent sure that the two girls are fraternal

twins because ________.

A． DNA tests are still not accurate enough

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

B． the two girls were born in two different families

C． the DNA of a biological parent is still missing

D． one girl was born a week later than the other

4． What Ramirez said in Paragraph 4 suggests that she ________.

A．didn ’t believe what had happened

B． was surprised at what had happened

C．didn ’t want to accept the fact

D． was pleased with what they had done

5． What would be the best title for the passage?

A． Adopted sisters are reunited

B． Adopted sisters live happily in the US

C． Suspicion turned into reality

D． The stories of two families

B

The earth ，moon， sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than

one percent of the universe. Almost all the rest is dark matter and dark

energy ，unknown forces that puzzle astronomers.

Observations in recent years have changed the basic understanding

of how

the universe evolved

and have indicated how little is known about the major

forces and substances that shaped our world.

Astronomers now know that luminous(

发光的 ) matter — stars ，planets and

of the universe.

Non-luminous

hot gas...

accounts for only about 0.4 percent

components，such as black holes and intergalactic( percent. The rest is dark matter

星系间的 ) gas，makeup 3.6

， about 23 percent ，and dark energy ，about

73 percent.

Dark matter ，sometimes called

“cold dark matter ”，has been known for

some time. Only recently have researchers come to understand the key role it played in the formation of stars

，planets and even people.

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

“We owe our very existence to dark matter

，” said physicist Paul

Steinhardt.

“Dark matter dominated the structure formation in the early

said. “For the first

few billion

year s dark matter

matter

universe ，” Steinhardt

contained most of the mass of the universe. as a froth(

You can think of ordinary

泡沫状物 ) of an ocean of dark matter. The dark matter dumps and

the ordinary matter falls into it. That led to the formation of the stars and galaxies( 星 系 ). Without dark matter ， there

would be virtually no

structure in the universe.

”

The nature of dark matter is unknown. It cannot be seen or detected directly.

Astronomers know it is there because of its effects on celestial( 天

上的 ) objects that can be seen and measured. But the most dominating force of all in the universe is called dark energy, a recently proven power that

astronomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a

faster and faster speed.

6． We know from the text that ________.

A． all visible stars are very important in the universe

B． the basic understanding of the universe evolution was totally wrong

C． dark matter is also known as dark energy

D． dark energy makes up about three quarters of the universe

7．The text tells us

“dark matter ” ___ _____.

，planets and humans

A． plays an important part in forming stars B． has been fully understood by researchers

C． remains an unimportant force to the universe like dark energy

D． has nothing to do with the formation of the universe today

8．“ The major forces and substances that shaped our world

” (in Para.

2) refers to ________.

A． luminous matter

B D

．non-luminous matter

． ordinary matter

C． dark matter

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2020届高考英语一轮复习M3Unit3Backtothepast学案2(无答案)牛津译林版

9． According to Paul Steinhardt A． depends mainly on dark matter

，our existence today ________.

B． has something to do with ordinary matter

C． results from the formation of celestial objects

D． evolves from the mass of the universe

10．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A． Dark Matter or Dark Energy

B． The Formation of the Universe

C． Dark Forces Dominate the Universe

D． Unknown Forces Puzzle Astronomers

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