Chapter 1
linguistics
language
prescriptive vs. descriptive
synchronic vs. diachronic
speech and writing
langue and parole
competence and performance
Design features of language
----arbitrariness
----productivity
----duality
----displacement
----cultural transmission
Chapter 2
phonetics
three branches of phonetics
classification of consonants
classification of English vowels
phonology
phone
phoneme
allophone
difference between phonetics and phonology
Chapter 3
morphology
morpheme
derivational morpheme
inflectional morpheme
derivation
compounds
Chapter 4
garden path sentence
wh-movement
D-structure (deep structure)
surface structure
clipping
Chapter 5
semantics
The naming theory
The conceptualist view
Contextualism
Behaviorism
sense and reference
Major sense relations
----synonymy
----polysemy
----homonymy
----hyponymy
----antonymy
componential analysis
predication analysis
Chapter 6
pragmatics
context
sentencs meaning vs. utterance meaning
locutionary act
illocutionary act
perlocutionary act
five types of illocutionary speech acts specified by Searle
Cooperative Principle (CP)
----the maxim of quantity
----the maxim of quality
----the maxim of relation
----the maxim of manner
Chapter 7
historical linguistics
acronym
blend
semantic shift
Chapter 8
sociolinguistics
sociolect
idiolect
standard dialect
pidgin
creole
diglossia
bilingualism
speech community
language variety
regional dialect
features of Black English
ethnic dialect
linguistic repertoire
Halliday’s register theory
register
Chapter 9
culture
acculturation
assimilation
amalgamation
linguistic imperialism
Sapir and Whorf Hypothesis (SWH)
Chapter 10
language acquisition
linguistic acquisition device (LAD)
Universal Grammar
critical period hypothesis
Chapter 11
modified input
Interlanguage
intake
interlingual errors
intralingual errors
SLA
negative transfer
positive transfer
input hypothesis
language aptitude
motivation
learning strategies
----cognitive strategies
----metacognitive strategies
----affect/social strategies
overgeneralization
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