Part1词汇精讲精练
一、重点词汇
1.mark vt.
① to write, to draw a symbol, line...做记号
mark A with B; mark B on A 用B在A上做记号
eg. Some drivers mark the cars_____”New Drivers. Take Care Please”. ② to celebrate or officially remember an event 纪念
eg.This is a ceremony______the 100th anniversary of The Revolution of 1911. ③ to be a sign that sth. new is going to happen 标志着
eg. ___________Ben Laden________a great change in anti-terrorism war in Afghanistan.(本 拉登的死标志着在阿富汗的反恐战争发生了巨大变化。） ④ to give marks to students’ work 批改
eg. I hate_______________.(我讨厌批改试卷） n. 污点（spot,dirt); 符号，记号；成绩，分数 be marked with 标记着 be marked on 标记在……
mark down 记下，降低……价格、分数 make one’s mark 出名，成功 Exercise:
写出下列句子中mark的含义 ① He made marks with a pencil.
② The festival is to mark the city’s 200th anniversary. ③ He was marking essay in his small study. ④ He did well to get such a good mark.
There is no_____of rain today. It is not necessary for you to take your raincoat. A. mark B.symbol C.sign D.message
Through hard work, the girl has achieved______progress since the beginning of this semester.
A. remarked B.remarking C.marked D.remarkable 2.dress vi./vt. sb. dress sb.
be dressed in=dress oneself in
dress up as /for 装扮成；为……装扮
dress sb. up as /for 把某人装扮成……/为……装扮某人
eg. _________a long time__________.(她穿衣要花很长时间。）
He____________and went out in a hurry.(他给儿子穿好衣服就匆匆出去了。） Many people______________animals during carnival.
(在狂欢节期间，很多人都把自己打扮成动物。） 比较：put on, wear, dress, have on Exercise:
Hurry up! ______your coat______. She______a diamond necklace. She______her baby.
Jane______a red jacket______.
Do you know the boy who is______a red T-shirt?
A.putting on B.wearing in C.dressed in D.having on
3.originate v. to happen or appear for the first time in a place or situation 起源，发源 eg. The style of architecture_______Greece. (这种建筑风格起源于希腊。）
origin n. the point from which sth.starts 起源，源头
eg. Most coughs are viral________. (大多数咳嗽是由病毒引发的。） original
① adj. at the beginning of a particular process 原来的，起初的 ② n. a document or art produced for the first time 真迹，原稿 eg. This painting is a copy._________is in the Summer Palace. （这是复制品，原件在故宫里。）
4.come to an end to reach the point at which sth. can no longer continue 结束 eg. The meeting_______________.(会议午夜才结束。） put...to an end=put an end to... 使……结束
eg. Mankind must put an end to war or war will put mankind to an end. come about come across come at come up come up with an idea come on come out 填空：
① How did it come_______that you both got lost? I thought you had a map. ② Come_______, or we will be late for the opening ceremony. ③ He came_______me like a tiger.
④ When the examination result came______, he had already got a job. ⑤ I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they haven’t come______yet. 5. prepare prepare for prepare vt.
eg. Mon________a big turkey and Dad________the family union party. be prepared for=_____________; (为……做好了准备） eg. ------Are you_______the exam?
------No, I need two more hours. I haven’t remembered all the words. A.prepared B.preparing C.prepared for D.preparing for
6. extend v. 延长，延伸
eg. Students don’t like the teachers ____________ . (学生不喜欢经常拖堂的老师）
extension. n.伸展，延长，扩大
eg. We plan to have .
① ② ③ ④ ⑤
我们打算扩建这家医院。 Extended adj. 扩大的，扩展的，大的 extended family 大家庭，几世同堂 She is driving for six months. 她已被禁驾6个月。
There are many bad customs and laws that 许多不良内容和法规应予以废除。 8. End
On end 直立，竖着 Bring/put an end to sth.
Bring/put sth. to an end结束某件事 In the end 最后，终于 At the end of 在 末端、后
By the end of 在 结束时，在 末尾 Make both ends meet 使收支相抵 Her sudden arrival put an end to the meeting. Low as his salary is ,he can make both ends meet. 9. 10.
e.g. They hide me from the police in their attic.(阁楼) She tried to .她没法不表露自己的情感 Eg. She pretended to be reading a novel when I came into the room. She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.
The young actor pretended to be Hamlet. 那个年轻的演员扮演哈姆雷特。
二．词汇小练习1
1.The sentimental lady tried_________her feelings under the mask, but her tones gave her away. (hide)
2.Some ordinary people could do nothing but__________rich and important, while popular personalities could have romantic adventures in secret. (pretend)
3.The travel agency has set out________a direct flight for tomorrow’s trip to London. (book)
4.The manager_________our holiday by three days into the following week, as we had completed the_________long-period research. (extend)
5.Your__________seems to be getting worse, as you can’t recall the memorable names at the war__________ceremony. (memorize)
6.After the first_________for lung cancer, she required_________again. (operator) 7.Carnival, actually_________from Europe, is celebrated with the mystery of the masks. (origin)
8.Since people have no idea what the faces behind the various masks look like, many crimes go_____________.(punishment)
9.The costumes and sights change from country to country but the festive__________is the same everywhere. (exciting)
10.In the late 1970’s the tradition carnival____________by some students. (revive)
词汇小练习1答案：
1. to hide
2. pretend to be 3. to book
4. extended; extensive 5. memory; memorial
6. operation; to be operated on/operating on 7. originating 8. unpunished 9. excitement 10. was revived
词汇小练习2
1.The man with black on his white trousers told me the white painted on the trees the starting point of the right route. (mark) 2.Bad customs and rules deserve . ( abolish)
3. In our class, when the bell gives the and the teacher closes his books, it is a for everyone to stand up. (sign)
4.Carnival became a relaxing way to different countries, as people forgot their everyday worries and troubles. (union)
5. for a big anniversary celebration were under way. (prepare)
6.The company plan to its commercial operations into EU members. (extension) 7.They planned to make a tour in Northern Europe to celebrate their silver . (wed) 8. enough, a woman seated beside me gave up eating when she saw me wash the dry food down that loudly way. (fun)
词汇小练习2答案：
1.Marks, mark, marked
2. To be abolished/ abolishing 3. Signal, sign 4. unite
5. preparations 6. extend 7. wedding 8. Funnily
Part2 语法强化
Grammar Passive Voice(被动语态)
1、概念
被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。 2、结构
被动语态的基本结构为“be+及物动词的过去分词”。在各个常用时态中的被动语态结构如下表：
时态Tense 被动语态Passive Voice 一般现在时simple present 一般过去时simple past 一般将来时future 现在完成时present perfect 过去完成时 past perfect 现在进行时present continuous 过去进行时past continuous
am/is/are done Was/were done Will be done Have/has done Had been done am/is/are being done Was/were being done e.g. You are wanted on the phone . 有你的电话。（一般现在时）
The railway was built in 1998. 这条铁路建于1998 年。（一般过去时） A new railway is being built in this city. 这个城市正在修建一条新的铁路。（现在进行时）
The railway was being built this time last year.去年这个时候这条铁路正在修建。（过去进行时）
The new railway has already been built.新铁路已经建成了。（现在完成时） The new railway had been built by the end of last year.（过去完成时） A new railway will be built in this city next year.这个城市明年将建一条新的铁路。（一般将来时）
He told us that the new railway would be built the next year.（过去将来时）
3、主动句变被动句所遵循的4个步骤
（1）把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。
（2）把动词变为被动形式，即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语 的变化而变化，
而动词的时态则保持不变。
（3）原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现，如不需要则可省略。 （4）其他成分（定语、状语）不变。
e.g. The government cancelled the sports meeting because of the bad weather.(主动语态)
The sports meeting was cancelled by the government because of the bad weather. (被动语态)
注：当不强调动作的执行者的时候可以把by去掉。
4、其他可以表示被动的结构 （1）get +动词的过去分词
e.g. He got injured in the traffic accident last week.
（2）look, sound, feel, smell, taste, become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, stay, keep, appear, seem, prove+形容词/名词。
e.g. He proved (to be) a good guide during the journey to Canada. （3）表示开始、结束、运动的动词。
e.g. The plane takes off at 7a.m tomorrow. The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.
（4）表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如：read，sell，wash，write，act，iron，cut，draw，drive，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut，dry，eat，drink，etc. e.g. This kind of cloth washes well. Your pen writes smoothly.
（5）少数动词用于进行时态，其主动形式表示被动含义。 e.g. the new edition of the book is printing. （6）介词in，on，under等+名词。 e.g. The house is under repair. Today some treasures are on show.
及时演练
( ) （1）--why did you have that position? --I a better position at IBM.
A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered
( )（2）The office is wonderful! it doesn’t taste like anything I before.
A. was having B. have C. have ever had D. had ever had
( )（3）The hero’s story differently in the newspapers.
A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported
( )（4）When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun
itself behind the mountain.
A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C . had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid
( )（5）He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they won’t
support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.
A. were deciding B. have decide C . decided D. will decide
( )（6）I must go to the booking office quickly, or the tickets .
A. sell well B. will sell out C . will be sold out D. will sell well
( )（7）The storm left, a lot of damage to this area.
A. caused B. to have caused C. To cause D. having caused
( )（8） ,the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.
A. General speaking B. Speaking general C . Generally speaking D. Speaking generally
( )（9）While watching television, .
A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C . we heard the doorbell rings D. we heard the doorbell ring
( )（10）”You can’t catch me !” Janet shouted, away.
A. run B. running C . to run D. ran
答案1-5 DCAAB 6-10CDCDB
Part3随堂演练+课后作业 完形填空 I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be _ 1 _ Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, “What would I say when the other kids asked what I’d 2 ?” Just when I started to 3 that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women 4 at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of 5 that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn’t 6 . Somebody had thought 7 of me to bring me a gift.
Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my 8 Christmas there special and memorable, I 9 remembered the women’s visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of 10 for as many children as I could possibly reach. So I 11 a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, 12 with a child’s name. We wanted all of them to know they were 13 . Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I 14 them that they couldn’t open their presents 15 every child had come forward. Finally the 16 they had been waiting for came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open your presents!” As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles 17 up the room. The 18 in the room was obvious, and 19 wasn’t just about toys. It was a feeling –the feeling I knew 20 that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn’t forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter.
1.A. sending B. receiving C. making D. exchanging 2.A. found B. prepared C. got D. expected 3.A. doubt B. hope C. suggest D. accept 4.A. broke in B. settled down C. turned up D. showed off
5.A. relief B. loss C. achievement D. justice 6. A. blamed B. loved C. forgotten D. affected 7. A. highly B. little C. poorly D. enough 8. A. present B. first C. recent D. previous
9. A. hardly B. instantly C. regularly D. occasionally 10. A. strength B. independence C. importance D. safety 11. A. kept up with B. caught up with C. came up with D. put up with 12. A. none B. few C. some D. each 13. A. fine B. special C. helpful D. normal
14. A. reminded B. guaranteed C. convinced D. promised 15. A. after B. until C. when D. since 16. A. chance B. gift C. moment D. reward 17. A. lit B. took C. burned D. cheered
18. A. atmosphere B. sympathy C. calmness D. joy 19. A. it B. such C. something D. everybody 20. A. by B. till C. for D. from
1,B 解析：本题考查动词辨析。由上文可知，还是小孩子的我，在圣诞节来临，我应该是收到礼物，所以选择receiving。
2,C解析：本题考查动词辨析。联系上下文，此处表达的意思是别人问我收到了什么礼物，所以选择got。
3,D解析：本题考查动词辨析。联系上下文，推断此处表达的意思是：我开始接受没有礼物的现实，选择accept，其他三个选项意思都不符合。
4,C解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。四个选项：break in闯入；settle down安居；turn up出现；show off炫耀。联系上下文此处是出现在我家，给我们圣诞礼物，故选择C，意思最贴切。
5,A解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据下文：I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school（当我回到学校时，我不会再感到难堪了。）结合四个选项的意思，可以推断出此处是表示我解脱了，送了一口气，故选择A。
6,C解析：本题考查动词辨析。分析四个选项，结合上下文，可以得知，这件礼物对我是多么重要，所以此处表达我将不会忘记这件事情，故选择C。
7,D解析：本题考查短语辨析。联系上下文，首先排除B、C，think highly of sb的意思是“对……评价很高”。此处根据作者的前面的心态，选择enough，表示有人关心自己。
8,B解析：本题考查形容词辨析。联系上下文，提到是new house，肯定选择first，西方人对于圣诞节很重视，是一家人团圆的日子，所以此时表达重要性，作者想让自己在新家过的第一个圣诞节有意义。选择B。
9,B解析：本题考查副词辨析。根据四个选项的意思，联系上下文，可了解当时作者那种激动的心情，所以应该是很快就想到了那件让她难忘的事情；故选择B。
10,C解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据第一段中描述那次圣诞节礼物给我的感慨，和作者此刻的心情，她认为送圣诞节礼物的给自己以及给得到的孩子们的重要性。
11,C解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。从上一段的可以推断，是我提出了（came up with）了一个让四十个人来我公司帮忙的计划。
12,D解析：本题考查不定代词辨析。根据作者的想法，应该是每个人都有自己的圣诞节礼物，所以选择每个人（each）。
13,B解析：本题考查形容词辨析。每个人都有属于自己的礼物，而且不是固定的，所以作者的意思是给孩子们启示：每个人都是独一无二的。
14,A解析：本题考查动词辨析。从下文的“One, two, three. Open your presents!”可知，此时在分发礼物时，我提醒每个人开始不要打开礼物。
15,B解析：本题考查连词辨析。同34题，此时选择until，直到每个人都拿到礼物。
16,C解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据下文的意思，此处表达大家等待的拆礼物的时刻到来了，故选择moment。
17,A解析：本题考查动词辨析。分析四个选项的意思，根据文章的上下文：他们灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间，所以选择light的过去式lit。
18,D解析：本题考查名词辨析。联系上下文，分析四个选项的意思，此处是表达欢乐，故选择D。
19,A解析：本题考查代词辨析。联系上下文，得知：欢乐不仅仅是因为玩具。所以选择it，指代欢乐。
20,D解析：本题考查介词辨析。联系上下文，此处表示：我从很久以前的那次圣诞节上获得的感觉再次感受到了。故选择from。
The Munich Oktoberfest is the biggest public festival in the world and will be held in 2003 for the 170th time. Each year, the Oktoberfest 1 （attend） by around 6 million visitors, 2 drink around 5 million liters of beer and consume over 200,000 pairs of pork sausages - mostly in the \"beer tents\" put up by the traditional Munich breweries（酿酒厂）. The festivities 3 （accompany）by a program of events, 4 （include）the Grand Entry of the Oktoberfest Landlords and Breweries and the Costume and Riflemen's Procession.
The History of the Oktoberfest dates back to the 19th century. Crown Prince Ludwig, later to become King Ludwig I, was 5 （marry）to Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghausen on 12th October 1810.The citizens of Munich were invited to 6 the festivities held 7 the fields in front of the city gates to celebrate the happy royal event.
Horse races in the presence of the Royal Family marked the close of the event that was celebrated as a festival for the whole of Bavaria. The decision to repeat the horse races in the subsequent year gave rise to the tradition of the Oktoberfest. In 1811 an added feature to the horse races was the first Agricultural Show, designed to boost Bavarian agriculture
The horse races, 8 were the oldest and the most popular event of the festival are no longer held today. 9 the Agricultural Show is still held every three years during the Oktoberfest on the southern part of the festival grounds.
Today, the Oktoberfest is the largest festival in the world, 10 an international flavor characteristic of the 21th century: some 6 million visitors from all around the world converge on the Oktoberfest each year.
答案：1.is attended 2.who 3.is accompanied 4.including 5.married to 6.attend 7.on 8.which 9.But 10.with
语境练习：
Billy对足球有特别的喜好（have a preference），因为看球赛总能让他感到放松（relaxed）。他总是提前在网上预定好票。他曾经告诉过我，他宁可（would rather）早些订票也不愿意在有票的观众（spectator）正欣赏比赛时自己却在球场外徘徊（wander），绝望地试图买到张票。Billy是曼联（Manchester United）的热心支持者。在足球传统颇强的英国，曼联在“十大最被拥戴的俱乐部”中排名第一（ranked first），利物浦（Liverpool）和阿森纳（Arsenal）紧随其后（followed by）。
答案：Billy has a particular preference for football because he always feels relaxed watching a football game. He always book his tickets online in advance. He told me once that he would rather book tickets early than wander outside the stadium trying to get a ticket desperately while spectators with tickets are watching the game. Billy is an enthusiastic supporter of Manchester United. In Britain, where football tradition is strong, Manchester United is ranked first among the 10 most supported
football clubs in England, followed by Liverpool and Arsenal.
阅读理解
A
For years the Brits have most often been known as the villains of the piece when it comes to superhero movies - but the tables have now turned, with the two latest heroes set to hit the big screen hailing from British shores.
Forget Terence Stamp as General Zod in Superman, Sir Ian McKellen as Magneto in X-Men and Alfred Molina as Doctor Octopus in Spider-Man.
Enter Andrew Garfield as Spider-Man and Henry Cavill as Superman. Not to mention Christian Bale, who will play Batman for the third time in The Dark Knight Rises. Cavill's casting marks the first time Superman - who fights for \"truth, justice and the American way\" - has been played by a non-US actor.
Film critic Jason Solomons, says the casting of Cavill is \"weird\".
\"I'm very surprised. We're more used to getting the villain roles,\" he says.
\"Brits are much better at overcoming stammers than the forces of darkness,\" he adds, referring to Colin Firth's much-lauded role in The King's Speech. But Helen O'Hara from Empire magazine says it is not anything new.
\"There was a trend a few years ago for Australian superheroes, Hugh Jackman as Wolverine, Eric Bana as Hulk. Then we had a Welsh trend, with Bale as Batman and Ioan Gruffud as Mr Fantastic (in the Fantastic Four).\" American accents
But she concedes that \"the interesting one is Cavill - the first non-American actor to play Superman. Maybe it leaves the way open for an American to play Bond.\"
One theory is that Garfield and Cavill were relatively unknown when they were cast - and so are unlikely to have had such large financial demands as more established US actors might.
But Solomons believes that it is British actors themselves who have overcome a hurdle.
\"It's a snobbery we have overcome ourselves (to play a superhero). And British actors have now got to grips with the technology, the special effects. We can do green screen, blue screen - and wear capes.\"
Total Film writer George Wales thinks it is more down to individual talent.
\"There is a current conception that British actors carry a certain amount of sway in Hollywood, particularly with The King's Speech basking in the glow of being this year's Oscar darling,\" he says.
\"But the reason Christian Bale, Andrew Garfield and friends are hogging the plum roles in superhero films is because they're among the most talented actors on the scene at the moment. The fact that they're of British origin is neither here not there.\" And he believes it is a good thing Hollywood is moving away from the \"hackneyed cliche of the sneering British villain\".
1 what does the underlined part “the tables have now turned”in paragraph 1 mean? A The situation has changed . B The situation has been worse.
C Superhero movies have lots its power.
D The British movie industry has improved. 2. Which of the following characters is not a Villain?
A General Zod B Magneto C doctor octopus D Batman 3 what do we learn about Jason Solomons? A He thinks highly of British actors.
B He isn’t surprised about Cavill’s being chosen. C He doesn’t think actors are good at playing villains. D he believes American actors are good at acting heroes.
4 By saying “the fact that they’re of British origin is neither here or there.”in paragraph 5,George Wales means that___________. A British actors are better than American actors B Hollywood should attract more British actors
C the fact that they’re from British makes little difference D the fact that they’re from British makes much difference 5 what conslusion CANNOT we draw from the text? A christian Bale has played Batman twice.
B christian Bale probably comes from America. C Cavill is the first non-US actor to play Superman .
D Many villains were played by British actors in superhero movies. 答案1-5 ADACB 语篇词汇填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内的单词的正确形式填空。
A college student,___1___ was admitted to a wrong specialty of an undesirable college, abandoned himself to playing truant and was given to drinking instead of studying.thus he was becoming more and more depressed.
But he was never absent from prof. Yang’s biology lessons. He liked the course ,____2_____,yang’s class was so vivid and interesting that he was always attentive to it .once he enclosed a note in the homework he handed in ,___3____(say),professor ,it is said that today’s college student are cheaper than potatoes , Do you agree?
That day prof. Yang sent ___4_____ him after class ,when he came he found the professor at the table on which were four dishes and one soup.they drank _____5_____ (hearty )over the dishes .when they became half drunk, the professor Produced a small bluish potato,which was sprouting and said to the young man ,”Do you know how much is costs?”It’s skinny .moreover,it is _____6____(poison).nobody will take it _______7_____it’s given free of charge .he threw it to the dustbin. The professor then showed him _____8______potato ,which must weigh more than 500g.”this potato________9___(cultivate) with amazing fertilizer is not only large and fresh of pollution.It costs 12-old Yuan (RMB) per kilogram.”
The young man was struck dumb__10____what he had heard .The professor put the big potato into his hand said.”Be such a potato.Don’t forget there are potatoes and potatoes.”
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 假定英主事课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请您修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语文错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜钱（\\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只充许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Diana,
Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind tor you to let us bring Anne's friend. Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park ,Gina nearly got knocked over as A car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They
finally dropped Gina off at her parents' and made our own way to home.
1．第1句have→had【解析】由后面的was可知，这儿应该用过去时态。 2. 第2句 for→of【解析】It’s kind of you为固定用法。
3. 第3句 Unfortunate→Unfortunately【解析】这儿用副词作状语。 4. 第4句 for→as【解析】as a result固定搭配。
5. 第4句 mile→miles【解析】mile是可数名词，并且前面是six.
6. 第5句 unless→until【解析】这儿后面一句是一个时间状语从句，意思是我们一直等到路通了。
7. 第6句 here→there【解析】叙述的是别的地方发生的事，所以用there. 8. 第6句 car前加a【解析】car不是特指，并且是可数名词，所以前面要加a.
9. 第7句 they→we【解析】叙述的是我们做的事，所以用we.
10. 第7句去掉to【解析】make one’s way home中home为副词，所以前面不用介词to。
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